scholarly journals Blood pressure-lowering effects of beetroot juice and novel beetroot-enriched bread products in normotensive male subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2066-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte A. Hobbs ◽  
Nedi Kaffa ◽  
Trevor W. George ◽  
Lisa Methven ◽  
Julie A. Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Single Blind

A number of vegetables have a high nitrate content which after ingestion can be reduced to nitrite by oral bacteria, and further to vasoprotective NO endogenously. In the present study, two separate randomly controlled, single-blind, cross-over, postprandial studies were performed in normotensive volunteers. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) was measured over a 24 h period following consumption of either four doses of beetroot juice (BJ), 0, 100, 250 and 500 g (n18), or three bread products, control bread (0 g beetroot), red beetroot- and white beetroot-enriched breads (n14). Total urinary nitrate/nitrite (NOx) was measured at baseline, and at 2, 4 and 24 h post-ingestion. BJ consumption significantly, and in a near dose-dependent manner, lowered systolic BP (SBP,P < 0·01) and diastolic BP (DBP,P < 0·001) over a period of 24 h, compared with water control. Furthermore, bread products enriched with 100 g red or white beetroot lowered SBP and DBP over a period of 24 h (red beetroot-enriched bread,P <0·05), with no statistical differences between the varieties. Total urinary NOxsignificantly increased following the consumption of 100 g (P < 0·01), 250 g (P <0·001) and 500 g BJ (P <0·001) and after red beetroot-enriched bread ingestion (P <0·05), but did not reach significance for white beetroot-enriched bread compared with the no-beetroot condition. These studies demonstrated significant hypotensive effects of a low dose (100 g) of beetroot which was unaffected by processing or the presence of betacyanins. These data strengthen the evidence for cardioprotective BP-lowering effects of dietary nitrate-rich vegetables.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Wine Lees Phenolic Compounds Is Mediated by Endothelial-Derived Factors: Role of Sirtuin 1

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073
Author(s):  
Raúl López-Fernández-Sobrino ◽  
Jorge R. Soliz-Rueda ◽  
Javier Ávila-Román ◽  
Anna Arola-Arnal ◽  
Manuel Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Endothelial Gene Expression

The antihypertensive effect of wine lees powder (WLPW) from a Cabernet grape variety was related to its high content in flavanols and anthocyanins compounds. This study investigates the involvement of endothelial-derived factors and SIRT1 in its bioactivity. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were orally administered water or WLPW (125 mg/kg bw). Posteriorly, both groups were intraperitoneally administered saline, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, a prostacyclin synthesis inhibitor, or sirtinol, an inhibitor of sirtuins. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded before and 6 h after WLPW administration. In an additional experiment, SHR were administered water or WLPW and endothelial expressions of eNos, Sirt1, Nox4, and Et1 were determined. The BP-lowering properties of WLPW were abolished by L-NAME and partially reduced by indomethacin, demonstrating that WLPW antihypertensive effect was mediated by changes in NO availability, although prostacyclin also contributed to this activity. Moreover, BP-lowering effect was reduced by sirtinol, indicating that WLPW decreased BP in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Furthermore, WLPW upregulated eNos and Sirt1 and downregulated Nox4 and Et1 endothelial gene expression. These results evidence the vasoprotective effect of WLPW and show that its antihypertensive effect in SHR is endothelium dependent and mediated by SIRT1.

scholarly journals Presence of antioxidants and nitric-oxide precursors in Mimosa pudica extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Tapas Pramanik ◽  
Tapas Kumar Sur
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Blood pressure lowering effect of Mimosa pudica induced by dieresis was reported earlier. As a diuretic it enhances urine outflow, decreases plasma volume, venous return; and thereby, reduce blood pressure. Besides the diuretic agent, some other blood pressure lowering substance may also be present in Mimosa pudica. Present study was undertaken to reveal the presence of antioxidants and nitrite in Mimosa pudica extract, which may help to reduce blood pressure. Methanolic extract of Mimosa pudica (using 80% methanol) was lyophilised to obtain dried Mimosa pudica Extract (MPE). For Total phenolic content estimation Folin’s method and for estimation of flavonoids, Aluminium chloride method were followed. The radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity were measured following standardised methods. Nitrite content of MPE at different dilutions (10-100 µl in methanol) was measured following standardised procedure keeping sodium nitrite as the standard. Present study noted presence of favonoids and phenolic compounds and also noted antioxidant property in the aforesaid extract that exhibited DPPH+ and superoxide scavenging activities. Besides that, this study also revealed formation of nitrites in the extract of Mimosa pudica in a dose dependent manner. Nitrite is the precursor of nitric oxide (NO). NO is a potent vasodilator that decreases blood pressure. Present study indicated the presence of both antioxidants and nitrites in Mimosa pudica extract; both of which have blood pressure lowering properties indicating it as a blood pressure lowering agent; and helpful in the maintenance of vascular health.

scholarly journals Effect of high nitrate vegetable juice supplementation on plasma nitrate and blood pressure in healthy adults: a pilot randomized crossover intervention in healthy volunteers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Elsahoryi ◽  
Christopher Cardwell ◽  
Sarah Gilchrist ◽  
Jayne Woodside
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Vegetable Juice ◽  
Plasma Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

Abstract Background: Beetroot juice has been demonstrated to decrease blood pressure due to the high inorganic nitrate content, but few studies have tested the effect of other high nitrate vegetable juices on blood pressure. Methods: This pilot randomized crossover trial aimed to investigate the effect of two different high nitrate vegetable juices on plasma nitrate concentrations and blood pressure in healthy adults. Eighteen healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 115 ml of beetroot juice or 250 ml of green leafy vegetable juice for seven days. Blood samples were collected, and clinic blood pressure measured at baseline and at the end of each juice consumption. Daily home blood pressure assessment was conducted two hours after juice consumption. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations were analysed using a commercially available kit on a Triturus automated ELISA analyser. Hills and Armitage analysis was used for the two- period crossover design and paired sample t- tests were performed to compare within-group changes. Results: Plasma nitrate and nitrite concentration significantly increased and there was significant reduction in clinic and home SBP mean during the beetroot juice period (P-values 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). Home DBP reduced significantly during green leafy vegetable juice consumption week (P-value 0.03). The difference between groups did not reach statistical significance during the formal crossover analysis adjusted for period effects. Conclusion: Beetroot juice and green leafy vegetable juice may reduce systolic or diastolic blood pressure but there was no statistically significant difference between the two juices, although this was only a pilot study.

Effect of endothelin-1 on pulmonary resistance in rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2391-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Matsuse ◽  
Y. Fukuchi ◽  
T. Suruda ◽  
T. Nagase ◽  
Y. Ouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Bolus Administration ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pulmonary Resistance ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dose Dependent

We examined the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a novel 21-residue vasoconstrictor peptide, on pulmonary resistance (RL) in Wistar rats. The lung volume, tracheal flow, and transpulmonary pressure of tracheotomized and paralyzed rats were measured with a fluid-filled esophageal catheter and a pressure-sensitive body plethysmograph. RL was calculated by the method of von Neergaard. The femoral artery was cannulated to measure the mean arterial blood pressure. Intravenous bolus administration of synthetic ET-1 provoked a dose-dependent increase in RL in rats. The bronchoconstricting effect reached maximum at 500 pmol/kg. This bronchoconstriction was observed in less than 5 min, increased up to 15 min, and was sustained for 60 min. ET-1 increased the mean arterial blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that ET-1 is a hitherto unknown potent bronchoconstrictor that has a sustained effect in vivo. The potential physiological and pathophysiological role of this new peptide in the development of respiratory disease warrants further investigation.

PPARα stimulation exerts a blood pressure lowering effect through different mechanisms in a time-dependent manner

2010 ◽  
Vol 627 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Ibarra-Lara ◽  
Luz G Cervantes-Pérez ◽  
Francisca Pérez-Severiano ◽  
Leonardo del Valle ◽  
Esther Rubio-Ruíz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Pressure Lowering

Effect of adrenaline on basal and ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor-stimulated ACTH secretion in man

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Al-Damluji ◽  
D. Cunnah ◽  
A. Grossman ◽  
L. Perry ◽  
G. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor ◽  
Cortisol Responses ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Single Blind

ABSTRACT Six normal male subjects were given, in single blind random order on six separate occasions, i.v. bolus doses of synthetic ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor-41 (oCRF-41; 25 and 50 μg) with and without adrenaline (3 μg/min) i.v. for 150 min, the adrenaline infusions alone and saline placebo. The adrenaline infusions resulted in plasma adrenaline concentrations of 4·33 ± 0·82 (s.e.m.) nmol/l and were associated with an increase in blood glucose, heart rate and systolic blood pressure and a reduction of diastolic blood pressure. Despite these evident biological effects at several sites, there was no stimulation of plasma ACTH or cortisol by adrenaline in comparison with the effect of saline, and no enhancement of the stimulatory effect of either dose of oCRF-41 on ACTH or cortisol secretion. The ACTH response to 50 μg oCRF-41 was greater than that to 25 μg, indicating that the 25 μg dose of oCRF-41 was sub-maximal and capable of further enhancement. As the plasma adrenaline concentrations during the adrenaline infusions reached the upper limit of the physiological range of plasma adrenaline in man, yet failed to enhance the ACTH or cortisol responses to a sub-maximal dose of oCRF-41, we conclude that circulating adrenaline neither exerts a direct stimulatory effect on pituitary corticotrophs nor enhances the effect of CRF under physiological circumstances. The adrenaline infusions attenuated the ACTH and cortisol responses to oCRF-41 and were associated with a transient reduction of basal concentrations of both hormones. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 145–150

scholarly journals Clerodendrum Chinensis Extracts; AeC and EeC Exerts Rapid Antihypertensive Effects in L-NAME Hypertensive Experimental Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy I. Odimegwu ◽  
Tolulope F. Okanlawon ◽  
Obumneme Noel ◽  
Ismail Ishola
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe rise in occurrence of hypertension, a non-communicable disease and a major factor for chronic renal failure, cardiovascular disease, and stroke, which most times lead to sudden death is worrisome. Resistant hypertension is more common and may have no symptoms at all for months or years, but then can cause heart attack, stroke, and vision and kidney damage. Prevention and quick management of hypertension are therefore essential in reducing the risk of these debilitating ailments. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Clerodendrum chinensis (AeC and EeC) are used by local communities of West Africa as medicine for rapid antihypertensive actions. We aim to discover the scientific basis for the use of the herb as medicine.MethodsThis work investigates the antihypertensive effects of AeC and EeC in L-Arginine Methyl Ester Hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats Acetylcholine, L-Arginine and Sodium Nitroprusside were used as standards. All results were expressed as means ± standard error of mean. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05.ResultsIntravenous administration of the extracts caused a significant decrease in the Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) in a dose-dependent manner. AeC at 100mg/kg caused a significant decline in blood pressure in a dose-related manner. Likewise at 100mg/kg, EeC reduced MABP steadily from 103.9± 2.55 to 34.1± 0.95mmHg. The two extracts; possess significant antihypertensive properties.ConclusionsBoth extracts show significant antihypertensive effects and at high doses could lead to hypotension and so should be used with care. Further research is necessary to determine safe dosage forms.

Leptin Causes Vasodilation in Humans

Hypertension ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 725-725
Author(s):  
Keigo Nakagawa ◽  
Yukihito Higashi ◽  
Shota Sasaki ◽  
Tetsuya Ohshima ◽  
Hideo Matsuura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Arterial Infusion ◽  
Intraarterial Infusion ◽  
Forearm Circulation ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Human Endothelium

P177 Background: Recently, it was reported that the acute infusion of the leptin markedly increased sympathetic nerve activity, but did not change arterial pressure, and it was also reported that the leptin receptor was expressed in human endothelium. Therefore, we suggested that the leptin might induce the vasodilation that counterregulate vasoconstricting response which is induced by sympathetic activation. Methods: To evaluate the effect of the leptin on forearm circulation, we measured the forearm blood flow(FBF)response to intra-arterial infusion of the human recombinant leptin(1, 10, 100 ng/kg/min, for 5 minutes, respectively) in seven healthy male subjects (age 23.3±1.7 years). FBF was measured using venous occlusion plethysmography. Results: The leptin infusion significantly increased the FBF in the dose-dependent manner (5.9±2.2%, 13.9±3.0%, 14.4±3.6%, at each doses, p<0.05). The intraarterial infusion of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a nitric oxide synthese inhibitor, did not alter FBF response to the leptin (3.3±4.2%, 21.2±9.7%, 15.5±3.7%, at each doses, p<0.05). No significant changes in blood pressure or heart rate were detected during the infusion of leptin, and leptin in conbination with L-NMMA in all subjects. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the leptin per se directly causes the vasodilatation, and that leptin-induced vasodilatation is not due to the increase in nitric oxide production in healthy subjects.

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