4-Week consumption of anthocyanin-rich blood orange juice does not affect LDL-cholesterol or other biomarkers of CVD risk and glycaemia compared with standard orange juice: a randomised controlled trial

AbstractElevated circulating cholesterol levels are a risk factor for CVD which is also associated with sub-optimal vascular function. There is emerging evidence that anthocyanins can cause beneficial cardio-protective effects by favourably modulating lipoprotein profiles. We compared the effects of blood orange juice which is rich in anthocyanins and blonde orange juice without anthocyanins on LDL-cholesterol and other biomarkers of CVD risk, vascular function and glycaemia. In all, forty-one participants (aged 25–84 years) with a waist circumference >94 cm (men) and >80 cm (women) completed a randomised, open label, two-arm cross-over trial. For 28 d participants ingested (i) 500 ml blood orange juice providing 50 mg anthocyanins/d and (ii) 500 ml blonde orange juice without anthocyanins. There was a minimum 3-week washout period between treatments. LDL-cholesterol and other biomarkers associated with CVD risk and glycaemia were assessed at the start and end of each treatment period. No significant differences were observed in total, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, TAG, glucose, fructosamine, nitric oxide, C-reactive protein, aortic systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure or carotid-femoral and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity after 28 d ingestion of blood orange juice compared with standard orange juice. The lack of effect on LDL-cholesterol may be due to the modest concentration of anthocyanins in the blood orange juice.

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Evaluating the role of orange juice, HESPERidin in vascular HEALTH benefits (HESPER-HEALTH study): protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. e053321

Author(s):

Marie-Anne Verny ◽

Dragan Milenkovic ◽

Nicolas Macian ◽

Bruno Pereira ◽

Rémy Evrard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orange Juice ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Fruit Juices ◽

Health Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Adverse Health Effects ◽

Randomised Controlled

IntroductionAlthough epidemiological studies associate the consumption of sugary beverages with adverse health effects, human experimental studies have demonstrated substantially different metabolic responses when 100% fruit juices are compared with artificial beverages. Fruit juices do not just provide sugars and associated calories, but they are also rich in bioactive compounds. Flavanones are bioactives specifically and abundantly found in citrus foods, with hesperidin as the major representative in sweet oranges. Flavanone intake has been associated with a lower incidence of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, clinical evidence are too scarce to confirm the vasculoprotective effects of 100% orange juice (OJ) presumably mediated by flavanones and thereby do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn about their efficacy.Methods and analysisThe HESPER-HEALTH study aims to assess the efficacy of OJ in improving vascular function and the contribution of hesperidin to these effects. This double-blind, randomised, controlled, crossover study will be carried out in 42 volunteers predisposed to CVD, based on age and on overweight. It includes three 6-week periods of consumption of 330 mL/d of OJ versus control drinks with and without hesperidin at a dose in agreement with a daily OJ serving (approx. 200–215 mg). The primary outcome is endothelial function, assessed by flow mediated dilation, with measurements performed at fasting and postprandially in response to a challenge meal. The secondary outcomes include bioavailability and metabolism of flavanones, changes in other markers of vascular function, systemic biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, vitamin C and carotenoids status, anthropometry and body composition, gut microbiota composition, nutrigenomic response and in oxylipin profiling.Ethics and disseminationThis ongoing study was approved by the Ethics committee Sud-Est III, Bron, France on 17 November 2020. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04731987; Pre-results.

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Safety and efficacy of intensive blood pressure lowering after successful endovascular therapy in acute ischaemic stroke (BP-TARGET): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial

The Lancet Neurology ◽

10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30483-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mikael Mazighi ◽

Sebastien Richard ◽

Bertrand Lapergue ◽

Igor Sibon ◽

Benjamin Gory ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Blood Pressure Lowering ◽

Open Label ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Pressure Lowering ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Intensive Blood Pressure

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Increased potassium intake from fruit and vegetables or supplements does not lower blood pressure or improve vascular function in UK men and women with early hypertension: a randomised controlled trial

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114510002904 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (12) ◽

pp. 1839-1847 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Sarah E. Berry ◽

Umme Z. Mulla ◽

Philip J. Chowienczyk ◽

Thomas A. B. Sanders

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Diet ◽

Potassium Citrate ◽

Fruit And Vegetables ◽

Lower Blood Pressure ◽

Lower Blood ◽

Randomised Controlled

K-rich fruit and vegetables may lower blood pressure (BP) and improve vascular function. A randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN50011192) with a cross-over design was conducted in free-living participants with early stages of hypertension (diastolic BP>80 and < 100 mmHg, not receiving BP-lowering medication) to test this hypothesis. Following a 3-week run-in period on a control diet, each subject completed four dietary 6-week dietary interventions (control+placebo capsules, an additional 20 or 40 mmol K+/d from fruit and vegetables or 40 mmol potassium citrate capsules/d) using a Latin square design with a washout period ≥ 5 weeks between the treatment periods. Out of fifty-seven subjects who were randomised, twenty-three male and twenty-five female participants completed the study; compliance to the intervention was corroborated by food intake records and increased urinary K+excretion; plasma lipids, vitamin C, folate and homocysteine concentrations, urinary Na excretion, and body weight remained were unchanged. On the control diet, mean ambulatory 24 h systolic/diastolic BP were 132·3 (sd12·0)/81·9 (sd7·9) mmHg, and changes (Bonferroni's adjusted 95 % CI) compared with the control on the diets providing 20 and 40 mmol K+/d as fruit and vegetables were 0·8 ( − 3·5, 5·3)/0·8 ( − 1·9, 3·5) and 1·7 ( − 3·0, 5·3)/1·5 ( − 1·5, 4·4), respectively, and were 1·8 ( − 2·1, 5·8)/1·4 ( − 1·6, 4·4) mmHg on the 40 mmol potassium citrate supplement, and were not statistically significant. Arterial stiffness, endothelial function, and urinary and plasma isoprostane and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations did not differ significantly between the diets. The present study provides no evidence to support dietary advice to increase K intake above usual UK intakes in the subjects with early stages of hypertension.

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