scholarly journals Relation of BMI to a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measure of fatness

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Morabia ◽  
Alan Ross ◽  
François Curtin ◽  
Claude Pichard ◽  
Daniel O. Slosman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adult Volunteers

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a valid technique for measuring the fat, bone and lean (muscle, organs and water) masses of the body. We evaluated relationships of BMI (kg/m2) with independent measurements of fat and lean masses using DXA in 226 adult volunteers. The evaluation was an application of a general approach to compositional data which has not previously been used for describing body composition. Using traditional regression analyses, when lean mass was held constant, BMI varied with fat mass (men r 0·75, P < 0·05 ; women r 0·85, P < 0·05); when fat mass was held constant, BMI varied with lean mass (men r 0·63, P < 0·05; women r 0·47, P < 0·05). In contrast, a regression model for compositional data revealed that BMI was: (a) strongly associated with log fat mass in both sexes (b1 4·86, P < 0·001 for all women and b1 5·96, P < 0·001 for all men); (b) not associated with bone mass, except in older men; (c) related to lean mass in women but not in men (b3 −4·04, P < 0·001 for all women and b1 −2·59, P < 0·15 for all men). Women with higher BMI tended to have more fat mass and more lean mass than women with lower BMI. Men with higher BMI had more fat mass but similar lean mass to men with lower BMI. Investigators need to be alert to the inaccuracy of BMI to assign a fatness risk factor to individuals, especially among women.

Reference Values of Total Lean Mass, Appendicular Lean Mass, and Fat Mass Measured with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in a Healthy Mexican Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Clark ◽  
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽  
Regina Ambrosi ◽  
Pawel Szulc ◽  
Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth Patterns and Body Composition in C57Bl/6J Mice Using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Gargiulo ◽  
Matteo Gramanzini ◽  
Rosario Megna ◽  
Adelaide Greco ◽  
Sandra Albanese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray

The normal growth pattern of female C57BL/6J mice, from 5 to 30 weeks of age, has been investigated in a longitudinal study. Weight, body surface area (BS), and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in forty mice. Lean mass and fat mass, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were monitored by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Weight and BS increased linearly (16.15±0.64–27.64±1.42 g;51.13±0.74–79.57±2.15 cm2,P<0.01), more markedly from 5 to 9 weeks of age(P<0.001). BMD showed a peak at 17 weeks (0.0548±0.0011 g/cm2*m,P<0.01). Lean mass showed an evident gain at 9 (15.8±0.8 g,P<0.001) and 25 weeks (20.5±0.3 g,P<0.01), like fat mass from 13 to 17 weeks (2.0±0.4–3.6±0.7 g,P<0.01). BMI and lean mass index (LMI) reached the highest value at 21 weeks (3.57±0.02–0.284±0.010 g/cm2, resp.), like fat mass index (FMI) at 17 weeks (0.057±0.009 g/cm2) (P<0.01). BMI, weight, and BS showed a moderate positive correlation (0.45–0.85) with lean mass from 5 to 21 weeks. Mixed linear models provided a good prediction for lean mass, fat mass, and BMD. This study may represent a baseline reference for a future comparison of wild-type C57BL/6J mice with models of altered growth.

scholarly journals Comment on “Reference Values of Total Lean Mass, Appendicular Lean Mass, and Fat Mass Measured with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in a Healthy Mexican Population”

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-653
Author(s):  
Eva Amado-Bonilla ◽  
Maria I. Pintado-Vidal ◽  
Maria I. Mangas-Borrego ◽  
Estefania Marchena-Ortiz ◽  
Jorge Barrantes-Chacon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass

scholarly journals Measuring body condition of lizards: a comparison between non-invasive dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, chemical fat extraction and calculated indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Sion ◽  
Maggie J. Watson ◽  
Amos Bouskila
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fat Extraction

Abstract Background Condition indices (CIs) are used in ecological studies as a way of measuring an individual animal’s health and fitness. Noninvasive CIs are estimations of a relative score of fat content or rely on a ratio of body mass compared to some measure of size, usually a linear dimension such as tarsus or snout-vent length. CIs are generally validated invasively by lethal fat extraction as in a seasonal sample of individuals in a population. Many alternatives to lethal fat extraction are costly or time consuming. As an alternative, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) allows for non-destructive analysis of body composition and enables multiple measurements during an animal’s life time. DXA has never been used for ecological studies in a small, free-ranging lizard before, therefore we calibrated this method against a chemical extraction of fat from a sample of 6 geckos (Israeli fan toed gecko Ptyodactylus guttatus) ranging in body mass between 4.2–11.5 g. We then  used this calibrated  DXA measurements to determine the best linear measurement calculated CI for this species. Results We found that fat mass measured with DXA was significantly correlated with the mass of chemically extracted fat for specimens more than 4.8 g (N = 5, R2 = 0.995, P < 0.001). Fat percentage regressed with body mass significantly predicted the DXA fat percentage (N = 29, R2adj. = 0.862, p < 0.001). Live wet mass was significantly correlated with predicted fat mass (N = 30, R2 = 0.984, P < 0.001) for specimens more than 4.8 g. Among the five calculated non-invasive CIs that we tested, the best was mass/SVL. Conclusions We recommend that in situations where DXA cannot be used, that the most accurate of the body condition estimators for  this species is mass/SVL (snout-vent length) for both sexes.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Reference Values of Total Lean Mass, Appendicular Lean Mass, and Fat Mass Measured with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in a Healthy Mexican Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Clark ◽  
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽  
Regina Ambrosi ◽  
Pawel Szulc ◽  
Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass

scholarly journals Measuring body condition of lizards: a comparison between non-invasive dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, chemical fat extraction and calculated indices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Sion ◽  
Maggie J. Watson ◽  
Amos Bouskila
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fat Extraction

Abstract Background Condition indices (CIs) are used in ecological studies as a way of measuring an individual animal’s health and fitness. Noninvasive CIs are estimations of a relative score of fat content or rely on a ratio of body mass compared to some measure of size, usually a linear dimension such as tarsus or snout-vent length. CIs are generally measured invasively by lethal fat extraction as in a seasonal sample of individuals in a population. Many alternatives to lethal fat extraction are costly or time consuming. As an alternative, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) allows for non-destructive analysis of body composition and enables multiple measurements during an animal's life time. DXA has never been used for ecological studies in a small, free-ranging lizard before, therefore we calibrated this method against a chemical extraction of fat from a sample of 6 geckos (Israeli fan toed gecko Ptyodactylus guttatus) ranging in body mass between 4.2–11.5 g. Results We found that fat mass measured with DXA was significantly correlated with the mass of chemically extracted fat for specimens more than 4.8 g (N = 5, R2 = 0.995, P < 0.001). Fat percentage regressed with body mass significantly predicted the DXA fat percentage (N = 30, R2adj.=0.875, P < 0.001). Live wet mass was significantly correlated with calculated fat mass (N = 30, R2 = 0.984, P < 0.001) for specimens more than 4.8 g. Among the other calculated non-invasive CIs that we tested, the best was mass/SVL (provide N, correlation coeff and p value). Conclusions We recommend that in situations where DXA cannot be used, that the most accurate of the body condition estimators for both males and females in this species is mass/SVL (snout-vent length) for both sexes.

scholarly journals AB0795 DYNAMIC CHANGES IN QUANTITATIVE INDICES OF BODY COMPOSITION BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ON DIFFERENT THERAPEUTIC REGIMENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1422.2-1422
Author(s):  
Y. Gorbunova ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
T. Panafidina ◽  
N. Demin ◽  
E. Nasonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Group I

Background:A redistribution of body fat (abdominal obesity) is quite common in RA patients. Such parameters as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference do not distinguish or quantify fat and lean (muscle) mass. For that purpose, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is usually used.Objectives:to compare quantitative body composition in patients with early RA at baseline and after 24 weeks of therapy with different regimens.Methods:The study included 37pts (31 women /6 men) with early RA (ACR/EULAR criteria, 2010), 57 [46.5, 62,0] years old, naïve to treatment with glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatics (DMARDs). Pts were seropositive for IgM RF (76%) and anti-CCP (92%), with highly active RA (DAS28 5,5 [5,1; 6,0]; SDAI 32,4 [22,4; 42], CDAI 29,0 [19,7; 39,5]) scores, and median disease duration of 6.0 [5,5;15.5] months. Methotrexate (MTX) 10 [10-15] mg/week subcutaneously was initiated in all included patients as first line therapy for 12 weeks. By this time point therapy was reviewed in 19 patients (51%) due to MTX inefficacy and adalimumab (ADA) at 40 mg once every 2 weeks was added on top of MTX. DXA scan (HOLOGIC, USA) was used to measure body composition at baseline and after 6mths of treatment with the protocol assessing total body, body fat and lean muscle mass.Results:Based on therapeutic regimens at week 24 all study subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group I (n=18) receiving MTX monotherapy, Group II (n=19) – the combination of MTX and ADA (Table 1). Group I patients had lower body weight, lean and fat mass vs patients from Group II (62 kg vs. 73.7 kg; 40.6 kg vs. 49.7 kg; 21.0 kg vs. 25.8 kg, respectively (p<0.05 in all cases) at baseline. 24 weeks of combination therapy eventuated in body weight gain (73.7 kg vs. 75.8 kg), accumulation of fat (25.8 kg vs. 28.1 kg) and unchanged lean tissue mass. In contrast, patients on MTX monotherapy managed to increase their lean mass (40.6 kg vs. 41.6 kg) without gaining in total fat mass.Table 1.IndicesI group (n=18),monotherapy МТII group (n=19),combination therapy (MTX, ADA)baseline24 weeksΔ,%baseline24 weeksΔ,%Body fat mass, kg21,0 [17,2;26,2]**23,4 [17,5;29,7]+1125,8 [18,4;35,0]28,1 [21,4;37,9]*+9Lean mass, kg40,6 [37,3;44,7]**41,6 [38,2;46,4]***/*+2,549,7 [39,0;56,1]49,9 [41,0;57,6]0,4Total mass, kg62,0 [57,7;77,6]**64,1 [59,5;81,6]***+3,473,7 [64,5;97,9]75,8 [66,8;102,1]*+2,8*p<0,05 reliability of differences in parameters before treatment and after 6mth (Wilcoxon); **p<0.05 differences in baseline values in groups I and II (Mann-Whitney test);***p<0.05 difference in the indices between the groups by the 6mth of therapy; Δ,% difference in indices between the groups by the 6mth of therapy.Conclusion:In general, RA patients on treatment tend to gain weight by week 24. Patients who failed on MTX monotherapy by week 24 and were switched to combination therapy had higher fat mass at baseline. Mediations used for RA treatment produce multidirectional effects on quantitative parameters of body composition: MTX monotherapy triggers some increase of lean mass, while combination of MTX and bDMARD results in weight gain and increase of total and fat mass. These data need to be confirmed in large-scale studies with longer follow-up period.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Measuring Body Condition of Lizards: A Comparison Between Non-Invasive Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, Chemical Fat Extraction and Calculated Indices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Sion ◽  
Maggie J. Watson ◽  
Amos Bouskila
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fat Extraction

Abstract BackgroundCondition indices (CIs) are used in ecological studies as a way of measuring an individual animal’s health and fitness. Noninvasive CIs are estimations of a relative score of fat content or rely on a ratio of body mass compared to some measure of size, usually a linear dimension such as tarsus or snout-vent length. CIs are generally measured invasively by lethal fat extraction as in a seasonal sample of individuals in a population. Many alternatives to lethal fat extraction are costly or time consuming. As an alternative, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) allows for non-destructive analysis of body composition and enables multiple measurements during an animal's life time. DXA has never been used for ecological studies in a small, free-ranging lizard before, therefore we calibrated this method against a chemical extraction of fat from a sample of 6 geckos (Israeli fan toed gecko Ptyodactylus guttatus) ranging in body mass between 4.2–11.5 g. ResultsWe found that fat mass measured with DXA was significantly correlated with the mass of chemically extracted fat for specimens more than 4.8g (N=5, R2=0.995, P<0.001). Fat percentage regressed with body mass significantly predicted the DXA fat percentage (N=30, R2adj.=0.875, P<0.001). Live wet mass was significantly correlated with calculated fat mass (N=30, R2=0.984, P<0.001) for specimens more than 4.8g. Among the other calculated non-invasive CIs that we tested, the best was mass/SVL (N=30, rMass/SVL= 0.83, PTwo-tailed<0.001). ConclusionsWe recommend that in situations where DXA cannot be used, that the most accurate of the body condition estimators for both males and females in this species is mass/SVL (snout-vent length) for both sexes.

Allornetric Scaling of VO2 Max by Body Mass and Lean Body Mass in Older Men

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Davies ◽  
Gail P. Dalsky ◽  
Paul M. Vanderburgh
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Allometric Scaling ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ratio Standards ◽  
Size Variable

This study employed allometry to scale maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) by body mass (BM) and lean body mass (LBM) in healthy older men. Ratio standards (ml · kg−1· min−1) derived by dividing absolute V̇O2max (L · min−1) by BM or LBM often fail to control for the body size variable. The subjects were 73 older men (mean ±SD:age = 69.7 ± 4.3 yrs, BM = 80.2 ± 9.6 kg, height = 174.1 ± 6.9 cm). V̇O2max was assessed on a treadmill with the modified Balke protocol (V̇O2max = 2.2 ± 0.4 L · min−1). Body fat (27.7 ± 6.4%) was assessed with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Allometry applied to BM and V̇O2max determined the BM exponent to be 0.43, suggesting that heavier older men are being penalized when ratio standards are used. Allometric scaling applied to LBM revealed the LBM exponent to be 1.05 (not different from the ratio standard exponent of 1.0). These data suggest that the use of ratio standards to evaluate aerobic fitness in older men penalized fatter older men but not those with higher LBM.

scholarly journals Measuring body condition of lizards: a comparison between non-invasive dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, chemical fat extraction and calculated indices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Sion ◽  
Maggie J. Watson ◽  
Amos Bouskila
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fat Extraction

Abstract BackgroundCondition indices (CIs) are used in ecological studies as a way of measuring an individual animal’s health and fitness. Noninvasive CIs are estimations of a relative score of fat content or rely on a ratio of body mass compared to some measure of size, usually a linear dimension such as tarsus or snout-vent length. CIs are generally validated invasively by lethal fat extraction as in a seasonal sample of individuals in a population. Many alternatives to lethal fat extraction are costly or time consuming. As an alternative, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) allows for non-destructive analysis of body composition and enables multiple measurements during an animal's life time. DXA has never been used for ecological studies in a small, free-ranging lizard before, therefore we calibrated this method against a chemical extraction of fat from a sample of 6 geckos (Israeli fan toed gecko Ptyodactylus guttatus) ranging in body mass between 4.2–11.5 g. ResultsWe found that fat mass measured with DXA was significantly correlated with the mass of chemically extracted fat for specimens more than 4.8g (N=5, R2=0.995, P<0.001). Fat percentage regressed with body mass significantly predicted the DXA fat percentage (N=29, R2adj.=0.862, p<0.001). Live wet mass was significantly correlated with calculated fat mass (N=30, R2=0.984, P<0.001) for specimens more than 4.8g. Among the five calculated non-invasive CIs that we tested, the best was mass/SVL. ConclusionsWe recommend that in situations where DXA cannot be used, that the most accurate of the body condition estimators for both males and females in this species is mass/SVL (snout-vent length) for both sexes.

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