scholarly journals AB0795 DYNAMIC CHANGES IN QUANTITATIVE INDICES OF BODY COMPOSITION BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ON DIFFERENT THERAPEUTIC REGIMENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1422.2-1422
Author(s):  
Y. Gorbunova ◽  
T. Popkova ◽  
T. Panafidina ◽  
N. Demin ◽  
E. Nasonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Group I

Background:A redistribution of body fat (abdominal obesity) is quite common in RA patients. Such parameters as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference do not distinguish or quantify fat and lean (muscle) mass. For that purpose, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is usually used.Objectives:to compare quantitative body composition in patients with early RA at baseline and after 24 weeks of therapy with different regimens.Methods:The study included 37pts (31 women /6 men) with early RA (ACR/EULAR criteria, 2010), 57 [46.5, 62,0] years old, naïve to treatment with glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatics (DMARDs). Pts were seropositive for IgM RF (76%) and anti-CCP (92%), with highly active RA (DAS28 5,5 [5,1; 6,0]; SDAI 32,4 [22,4; 42], CDAI 29,0 [19,7; 39,5]) scores, and median disease duration of 6.0 [5,5;15.5] months. Methotrexate (MTX) 10 [10-15] mg/week subcutaneously was initiated in all included patients as first line therapy for 12 weeks. By this time point therapy was reviewed in 19 patients (51%) due to MTX inefficacy and adalimumab (ADA) at 40 mg once every 2 weeks was added on top of MTX. DXA scan (HOLOGIC, USA) was used to measure body composition at baseline and after 6mths of treatment with the protocol assessing total body, body fat and lean muscle mass.Results:Based on therapeutic regimens at week 24 all study subjects were divided into 2 groups: Group I (n=18) receiving MTX monotherapy, Group II (n=19) – the combination of MTX and ADA (Table 1). Group I patients had lower body weight, lean and fat mass vs patients from Group II (62 kg vs. 73.7 kg; 40.6 kg vs. 49.7 kg; 21.0 kg vs. 25.8 kg, respectively (p<0.05 in all cases) at baseline. 24 weeks of combination therapy eventuated in body weight gain (73.7 kg vs. 75.8 kg), accumulation of fat (25.8 kg vs. 28.1 kg) and unchanged lean tissue mass. In contrast, patients on MTX monotherapy managed to increase their lean mass (40.6 kg vs. 41.6 kg) without gaining in total fat mass.Table 1.IndicesI group (n=18),monotherapy МТII group (n=19),combination therapy (MTX, ADA)baseline24 weeksΔ,%baseline24 weeksΔ,%Body fat mass, kg21,0 [17,2;26,2]**23,4 [17,5;29,7]+1125,8 [18,4;35,0]28,1 [21,4;37,9]*+9Lean mass, kg40,6 [37,3;44,7]**41,6 [38,2;46,4]***/*+2,549,7 [39,0;56,1]49,9 [41,0;57,6]0,4Total mass, kg62,0 [57,7;77,6]**64,1 [59,5;81,6]***+3,473,7 [64,5;97,9]75,8 [66,8;102,1]*+2,8*p<0,05 reliability of differences in parameters before treatment and after 6mth (Wilcoxon); **p<0.05 differences in baseline values in groups I and II (Mann-Whitney test);***p<0.05 difference in the indices between the groups by the 6mth of therapy; Δ,% difference in indices between the groups by the 6mth of therapy.Conclusion:In general, RA patients on treatment tend to gain weight by week 24. Patients who failed on MTX monotherapy by week 24 and were switched to combination therapy had higher fat mass at baseline. Mediations used for RA treatment produce multidirectional effects on quantitative parameters of body composition: MTX monotherapy triggers some increase of lean mass, while combination of MTX and bDMARD results in weight gain and increase of total and fat mass. These data need to be confirmed in large-scale studies with longer follow-up period.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Comparison of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) versus a Multi-frequency Bioelectrical Impedance (InBody 770) Device for Body Composition Assessment after a 4-Week Hypoenergetic Diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio ◽  
Kenyon ◽  
Ellerbroek ◽  
Carson ◽  
Burgess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
X Ray

The purpose of this investigation was to compare two different methods of assessing body composition (i.e., a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)) over a four-week treatment period in exercise-trained men and women. Subjects were instructed to reduce their energy intake while maintaining the same exercise regimen for a period of four weeks. Pre and post assessments for body composition (i.e., fat-free mass, fat mass, percent body fat) were determined via the MF-BIA and DXA. On average, subjects reduced their energy intake by ~18 percent. The MF-BIA underestimated fat mass and percentage body fat and overestimated fat-free mass in comparison to the DXA. However, when assessing the change in fat mass, fat-free mass or percent body fat, there were no statistically significant differences between the MF-BIA vs. DXA. Overall, the change in percent body fat using the DXA vs. the MF-BIA was −1.3 ± 0.9 and −1.4 ± 1.8, respectively. Our data suggest that when tracking body composition over a period of four weeks, the MF-BIA may be a viable alternative to the DXA in exercise-trained men and women.

scholarly journals Identification of and Associations among Low, Middle, and High Body Composition Trajectories from Age 5- to 17-Years

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Teresa A. Marshall ◽  
Alexandra M. Curtis ◽  
Joseph E. Cavanaugh ◽  
John J. Warren ◽  
Steven M. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Fat Mass Index ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Body Composition Measure ◽  
Dxa Scans

Our objective was to identify sex-specific age 5- to 17-year body composition (body mass index (BMI), % body fat, fat mass index, fat-free mass index) trajectories, compare trajectories assigned using age 5 (AGE5) data to those assigned using all available (ALL) data, and compare BMI assignments to other body composition assignments. Cluster analysis was used to identify low, medium, and high trajectories from body composition measures obtained from dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at 5, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 years in a birth cohort followed longitudinally (n = 469). Moderate agreement was observed for comparisons between AGE5 data and ALL data cluster assignments for each body composition measure. Agreement between cluster assignments for BMI and other body composition measures was stronger using ALL data than using AGE5 data. Our results suggest that BMI, % body fat, fat mass index, and fat free mass index trajectories are established during early childhood, and that BMI is a reasonable predictor of body composition appropriate to track obesity in public health and clinical settings.

Body Composition, Dietary Intake, and Iron Status of Female Collegiate Swimmers and Divers

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi L. Petersen ◽  
C. Ted Peterson ◽  
Manju B. Reddy ◽  
Kathy B. Hanson ◽  
James H. Swain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
X Ray

This study determined the effect of training on body composition, dietary intake, and iron status of eumenorrheic female collegiate swimmers (n = 18) and divers (n = 6) preseason and after 16 wk of training. Athletes trained on dryland (resistance, strength, fexibility) 3 d/wk, 1.5 h/d and in-water 6 d/wk, nine, 2-h sessions per week (6400 to 10,000 kJ/d). Body-mass index (kg/m2; P = 0.05), waist and hip circumferences (P ≤ 0.0001), whole body fat mass (P = 0.0002), and percentage body fat (P ≤ 0.0001) decreased, whereas lean mass increased (P = 0.028). Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, we found no change in regional lean mass, but fat decreased at the waist (P = 0.0002), hip (P = 0.0002), and thigh (P = 0.002). Energy intake (10,061 ± 3617 kJ/d) did not change, but dietary quality improved with training, as refected by increased intakes of fber (P = 0.036), iron (P = 0.015), vitamin C (P = 0.029), vitamin B-6 (P = 0.032), and fruit (P = 0.003). Iron status improved as refected by slight increases in hemoglobin (P = 0.046) and hematocrit (P = 0.014) and decreases in serum transferrin receptor (P ≤ 0.0001). Studies are needed to further evaluate body composition and iron status in relation to dietary intake in female swimmers.

Reference Values of Total Lean Mass, Appendicular Lean Mass, and Fat Mass Measured with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry in a Healthy Mexican Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Clark ◽  
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽  
Regina Ambrosi ◽  
Pawel Szulc ◽  
Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass

scholarly journals Physical and Fitness Characteristics of Elite Professional Rugby Union Players

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan Posthumus ◽  
Campbell Macgregor ◽  
Paul Winwood ◽  
Katrina Darry ◽  
Matthew Driller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fitness Measures

This study explored the physical and fitness characteristics of elite professional rugby union players and examined the relationships between these characteristics within forwards and backs. Thirty-nine elite professional rugby union players from the New Zealand Super Rugby Championship participated in this study. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry alongside anthropometrics. Fitness characteristics included various strength, power, speed, and aerobic fitness measures. Forwards were significantly (p ≤ 0.01) taller and heavier than backs, and possessed greater lean mass, fat mass, fat percentage, bone mass, and skinfolds. Forwards demonstrated greater strength and absolute power measures than backs (p = 0.02), but were slower and possessed less aerobic fitness (p ≤ 0.01). Skinfolds demonstrated very large correlations with relative power (r = −0.84) and speed (r = 0.75) measures within forwards, while backs demonstrated large correlations between skinfolds and aerobic fitness (r = −0.54). Fat mass and fat percentage demonstrated very large correlations with speed (r = 0.71) and aerobic fitness (r = −0.70) measures within forwards. Skinfolds, fat mass, and fat percentage relate strongly to key fitness characteristics required for elite professional rugby union performance. Individual and positional monitoring is important due to the clear differences between positions.

scholarly journals Body weight at 10 years of age and change in body composition between 8 and 10 years of age were related to survival in a longitudinal study of 39 Labrador retriever dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Christina Penell ◽  
David Mark Morgan ◽  
Penny Watson ◽  
Stuart Carmichael ◽  
Vicki Jean Adams
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
Changes Over Time

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity have been adversely associated with longevity in dogs but there is scarce knowledge on the relation between body composition and lifespan. We aimed to investigate the effects of body composition, and within-dog changes over time, on survival in adult Labradors using a prospective cohort study design. The dogs had a median age of 6.5 years at study start and were kept in similar housing and management conditions throughout. The effects of the various predictors, including the effect of individual monthly-recorded change in body weight as a time varying covariate, were evaluated using survival analysis. Results All dogs were followed to end-of-life; median age at end-of-life was 14.0 years. Body composition was measured annually with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometer (DEXA) scans between 6.2 and 17.0  years. All 39 dogs had DEXA recorded at 8, 9 and 10 years of age. During the study the mean (± SD) percent of fat (PF) and lean mass (PL) was 32.8 (± 5.6) and 64.2 (± 5.5) %, respectively, with a mean lean:fat ratio (LFR) of 2.1 (± 0.6); body weight (BW) varied from 17.5 to 44.0 kg with a mean BW change of 9.9 kg (± 3.0). There was increased hazard of dying for every kg increase in BW at 10 years of age; for each additional kg of BW at 10 years, dogs had a 19% higher hazard (HR = 1.19, P = 0.004). For the change in both lean mass (LM) and LFR variables, it was protective to have a higher lean and/or lower fat mass (FM) at 10 years of age compared to 8 years of age, although the HR for change in LM was very close to 1.0. For age at study start, older dogs had an increased hazard. There was no observed effect for the potential confounders sex, coat colour and height at shoulders, or of the time-varying covariate. Conclusions These results suggest that even rather late-life control efforts on body weight and the relationship between lean and fat mass may influence survival in dogs. Such “windows of opportunity” can be used to develop healthcare strategies that would help promote an increased healthspan in dogs.

Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Measurements of Body Composition: Effects of Depth and Tissue Thickness, Including Comparisons with Direct Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Jebb ◽  
Gail R. Goldberg ◽  
Graham Jennings ◽  
Marinos Elia
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Few Data

1. There are few data regarding the accuracy of Hologic QDR-1000W dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for the measurement of body composition. In two studies, one in an in vitro experimental system using oil and water mixtures and the other in samples of pork meat, the effect of depth and tissue thickness on the measured composition was assessed. In the latter study the measured fat mass was compared with that measured by direct analysis. 2. All data indicated a trend in the measured fat mass with depth, such that more fat was measured at extremes of depth (<10 cm and >25 cm) than at intermediate depths. 3. In samples of meat weighing approximately 55 kg, dual X-ray absorptiometry significantly underestimated the absolute fat mass compared with direct analysis (mean 20.4 ± 1.65%) by 5–8% or 1–4 kg of fat. 4. These findings are of direct relevance to both clinical and research work using this technique to measure body composition, in particular in circumstances in which changes in body composition and/or tissue thickness are anticipated.

scholarly journals Serum FSH Is Associated with BMD, Bone Marrow Adiposity and Body Composition in the AGES-Reykjavik Study of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegreet G Veldhuis-Vlug ◽  
Gina N Woods ◽  
Sigurdur Sigurdsson ◽  
Susan K Ewing ◽  
Phuong T Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Marrow Adiposity

Abstract Context Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations increase during the perimenopausal transition and remain high post menopause. Loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and gain of bone marrow adiposity (BMA) and body fat mass also occur during this time. In mice, blocking the action of FSH increases bone mass and decreases fat mass. Objective To investigate the associations between endogenous FSH levels and BMD, BMA and body composition in older adults, independent of estradiol and testosterone levels. Design, setting and participants Older adults from the AGES-Reykjavik Study, an observational cohort study. Main outcome measures Areal BMD, total body fat, and lean mass were measured with DXA. Lumbar vertebral BMA was measured by 1H-MRS. Volumetric BMD and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT, SAT) areas were measured with QCT. The least squares means procedure was used to determine sex-hormone adjusted associations between quartiles of serum FSH and BMD, BMA, and body composition. Results In women (N=238, mean age 81y), those in the highest FSH quartile, compared with the lowest quartile, had lower adjusted mean spine integral BMD (-8.6%), lower spine compressive strength index (-34.8%), higher BMA (+8.4%), lower weight (-8.4%), lower VAT (-17.6%), lower lean mass (-6.1%), and lower fat mass (-11.9%) (all P &lt; 0.05). In men, FSH level was not associated with any outcome. Conclusions Older postmenopausal women with higher FSH levels have higher BMA, but lower BMD and lower fat and lean mass, independent of estradiol and testosterone levels. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms.

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