Effect of dry Organic Matter on Growth and Yield of Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1971 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Magalhães ◽  
J. C. Montojos ◽  
S. Miyasaka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Net Assimilation

SUMMARYIncorporation of dry matter of perennial soybean into the soil, alone or with mineral fertilization, resulted in improved vegetative growth of common beans. Fairly high LAI was observed at flowering time where dry organic matter had been added, causing leaf self-shading and decreased growth in the later states of development. In contrast, both the control and mineral fertilized plots showed slower but continuous growth up to 50 days from plant emergence. Only slight differences in grain yield were noticed despite remarkable increases of Crop Growth Rate, Relative Growth Rate, Net Assimilation Rate, and Efficiency of Solar Energy Conversion that resulted from the application of dry organic matter.

scholarly journals Response of Physiological Parameters in Greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilckzek) cv. GAM-5 to Source Manipulation, Plant Growth Regulators and Chemical

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parthvee Rupsinh Damor ◽  
Arvind D. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Net Assimilation

Background: Among the pulse crops mungbean is one of the richest sources of protein. There is great loss in the yield of mungbean due to various reasons may be biotic or abiotic constraints. To overcome the yield loss various physiological activities are studied. Physiological activities of the plant are greatly influenced by the source manipulation, plant growth regulators and chemical in mungbean. In correspondence to this, an experiment was conducted to study the physiological parameters in greengram.Methods: A factorial randomized block design in two respective years, i.e. 2016 and 2017 to study the response of source manipulation (nipping, 25% defoliation and 50% defoliation), plant growth regulators (GA3 and NAA at 25 and 50mg/l respectively) and chemical (Thiourea 500 and 1000mg/l) on the physiological parameters like Crop Growth Rate (CGR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) and Leaf Area (LA) in greengram at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAS/harvest at Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. Result: From the obtained results it can be proposed that the physiological parameters like crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate increased with the increasing phase and decreased at harvesting stage. While leaf area increased significantly at each growth phase. The treatment of nipping M2 was noted significantly higher value for CGR i.e., 8.42, 16.17 and 11.48 g/cm2/day/10, for RGR i.e., 0.544, 2.967 and 1.290 g/day, for NAR i.e., 0.466, 2.959 and 1.484 mg/cm2/day and for LA i.e. 96.87, 218.94, 381.88 and 588.78 cm2. While the treatment S2 GA3 25 mg/l was noted significantly higher value for CGR i.e, 8.60, 16.67 and 11.69 g/cm2/day/10, for RGR i.e., 0.568, 2.938 and 1.202 g/day, for NAR i.e., 0.372, 3.043 and 1.529 mg/cm2/day and for LA i.e., 96.61, 224.75, 382.20 and 580.42 cm2 contributing to the higher seed yield under M2 nipping treatment i.e., (1719.7 kg/ha) and S2 treatment i.e., GA3 25 mg/l (1714.1 kg/ha). Thus, GAM-5 had a better source-sink partitioning efficiency.

scholarly journals Growth of marandu palisadegrass subjected to strategies of intermittent stocking

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Aparecida Giacomini ◽  
Sila Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Daniel Oliveira de Lucena Sarmento ◽  
Cauê Varesqui Zeferino ◽  
Salim Jacaúna Souza Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Net Assimilation

Grazing strategies alter sward leaf area patterns of growth, affecting herbage accumulation and utilisation. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the growth of marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) swards subjected to strategies of intermittent stocking. The experiment was carried out in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, from October/2004 to September/2005. Swards were grazed at 95 and 100% canopy light interception (LI) to post-grazing heights of 10 and 15 cm, following a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with four replications in a randomised complete block design. The response variables evaluated were: crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area ratio and leaf weight ratio. In early and late spring, the highest crop growth rate was recorded for treatment 95/15 (11.2 and 10.1 g m-2 day-1, respectively), along with high values of net assimilation rate (4.4 and 6.9 g m-2 day-1, respectively), leaf area ratio (0.0095 and 0.0103 m-2 g-1, respectively) and leaf weight ratio (0.56 and 0.56 g g-1, respectively). To compensate reductions in net assimilation rate plants made some morphological and physiological adjustments increasing leaf area and leaf weight ratio. Relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were 26 and 50% higher, respectively, on swards grazed at 95% than at 100% LI. In early spring treatments 100/10 and 95/15 resulted in the highest relative growth rate (0.086 and 0.059 g m-2 day-1, respectively). Treatment 95/15 resulted in the most favourable pattern of growth (crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate), particularly during the transition period between winter and spring.

scholarly journals Physiological Attributes of Transplant Aman Rice (Cv. Brri Dhan52) as Affected by Tiller Seedlings and Urea Super Granules

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
SK Paul ◽  
KS Rahman ◽  
MAR Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physiological Attributes ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Effect Of Age

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to investigate the effect of age of tiller seedlings, number of tiller seedlings hill-1 and application of urea super granules (USG) on some physiological attributes of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan52. The experiment consisted of two ages of tiller seedlings viz. 25- and 35-day old, three levels of tiller seedlings hill-1 viz.1, 3 and 5 seedlings hill-1 and three USG levels viz. 0, 1.8g and 2.7g USG per four hills in every alternate row. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The effect of age of tiller seedlings, number of tiller seedlings hill-1 and USG application were significant on crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and leaf area index (LAI). The highest CGR and RGR were found by transplanting 35-day old tiller seedlings during the period at 15-30 and 60-75 DAT when 5 tiller seedlings hill-1 were transplanted. The highest NAR was observed at 60-75 DAT with transplanting 5 tiller seedlings hill-1 and the lowest one was recorded at 30-45 DAT. The highest LAI was found at 35-day old tiller seedlings during the period at 60 and 75 DAT when 5 tiller seedlings hill-1 were transplanted. CGR and RGR were found highest by applying 1.8 g USG at 45-60 and 60-75 DAT while NAR was the highest with application of 2.7g USG at 60-75 DAT and lowest one was found in control (0 g USG) at 45-60 and 60-75 DAT. The highest LAI was found by applying 1.8g USG at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAT and the lowest one was found at 60 DAT in control and at 15, 30 and 45 DAT when 2.7g USG was applied. The highest LAI and CGR were found in older tiller seedlings (35- day old) by transplanting five tiller seedlings hill-1 fertilized with 1.8g USG whereas the highest RGR and NAR were obtained in younger tiller seedlings (25-day old) by transplanting single tiller seedling hill-1 fertilized with 1.8g USG per four hills of every alternate row.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19094 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 17 - 27, 2013

scholarly journals Effect of Soil Moisture Regimes on Growth and Yield of Mulberry

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
NK Paul ◽  
MA Qaiyyum
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Net Assimilation

Effect of three levels of irrigation viz., no irrigation (I0), irrigation once a month (I1) and irrigations twice a month (I2) on some growth attributes and leaf yield and some of its components of five mulberry varieties were studied in field condition. Significant effect of irrigation on relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR), and relative leaf growth rate (RLGR) was observed. lrrigation also had significant effect on leaf yield and some of its components. The overall results indicated that twice irrigations in a month with mulberry variety BM-4 could be used for higher leaf yield. Key words: Mulberry; lrrigation; Growth parameters; Leaf yield DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i4.7331 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(4), 331-336, 2010

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MID-SEASON VINE REMOVAL ON THE GROWTH OF FIVE SWEETPOTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 266E-266
Author(s):  
Victor A. Kahn ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
T. Mafolo ◽  
C. Bonsi ◽  
J.Y. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Mean Relative Growth Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Net Assimilation

TU-82-155 and `Georgia-Jet' early maturing. `Carver II', TU-1892 and `Rojo-Blanco' late maturing sweetpotato, cultivars were evaluated in the field for 0.20 and 40% vine removal (VR) at 8 wk after transplanting. Parameters measured were: leaf area index (LAI) recovery, net assimilation rate, foliage crop growth rate (FCGR), storage roots crop growth rate (RCGR). alpha a (the mean relative growth rate in dry wt to the mean relative growth rate in leaf area over a time interval) or the partitioning of assimilates, total and marketable yield. A split. splitplot design was used and plants were sampled at 3 and 8 wk following VR. Except for TU-82-155 all cultivars showed significant LAI recovery above the control at 3 and 8 wk after vine removal when 20% of the vines were removed while at the 40% VR, only 'Georgia-Jet'. TU-1892 and 'Carver II' showed significant increases in LAI for the same periods. Net assimilation rate showed significant interactions while FCGR was not significantly affected by either 20 or 40 VR compared to the control at 3 or 8 wk after VR. RCGR was significantly affected by both levels of VR at 3 and 8 wk after VR and surplus assimilates (alpha a) showed significant interactions between cultivars and % VR. Told yield declined for all cultivars irrespective to maturity groups with the sharpest decrease being at the 20% VR. All cultivars except TU-82-155 showed a decrease in marketable yield, the increase in marketable yield of TU-82-155 was due to a lower non-marketable yield.

Effects of Plant Density on Growth and Yield of Oil Palm

1973 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. V. Corley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Net Assimilation

SUMMARYCrop growth rate of oil palm increases with leaf area index (LAI) to about 40 tons/ha./yr at the highest LAIs obtained. Net assimilation rate and dry matter production per palm decrease with increasing LAI, but the amount of dry matter per palm incorporated in vegetative tissues is unaffected by density. As a result the optimal LAI for oil yield is considerably below the critical LAI for maximum crop growth rate.

scholarly journals Effects Of Seed Vigor On Growth And Grain Yield Of Maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani ◽  
Bahareh Dalil
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Emergence Percentage

Abstract Reduction in seed vigor is a consequence of seed aging which may influence field performance of crops. Thus, a field study was conducted as RCB design with 6 replicates to evaluate the effects of seed vigor on maize (cv. Ksc 301) growth and yield. A sub-sample of maize seeds was kept as control and two other sub-samples were artificially aged for 9 and 12 days. So, three seed lots (V1, V2 and V3), with different vigor were provided and sown in the field. Mean emergence time significantly increased, but mean emergence percentage decreased as seed vigor increased. The lowest leaf area index (LAI), dry matter accumulation (DMA) and crop growth rate (CGR) were obtained for plants from the lowest vigor seed lot (V3). At the later stages of growth, the highest relative growth rate (RGR) was recorded for V1 plants, followed by V2 and V3 plants. Poor stand establishment and growth of plants from V2 and V3 seed lots led to yield loss by 23.7 % and 41.5 %, respectively. These results showed that production and cultivation of high vigor seeds are necessary to ensure satisfactory field performance of maize.

scholarly journals Analysis of Plant Growth and Yield in Varieties of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Grafted onto Different Eggplant Rootstocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Evy Latifah ◽  
Amik Krismawati ◽  
Mohammad Saeri ◽  
Zainal Arifin ◽  
Bas Warsiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Net Assimilation

This study aimed to examine plant growth of tomato grafted onto different eggplant rootstocks. We applied a randomized block design comprising twelve treatments with three replicates. Three varieties of tomato—Cervo, Karina, and Timoty—and three rootstocks—Gelatik, EG203 line, and Solanum torvum—were selected for this study. Nongrafted tomato plants of the same varieties were used as controls. The variables recorded were the number of branches, the diameter of scions and rootstocks, root length, and root dry weight at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting (WAT) and relative growth rate, specific leaf area, and net assimilation rate at 4, 8, and 12 WAT. Grafted tomato plants demonstrated better growth than controls. There was a significant relationship between yield, plant growth parameters, and photosynthetic organs, expressed by higher production, greater scion diameter, longer roots, and increased relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, and net assimilation rate of grafted plants, compared to the controls.

scholarly journals GROWTH ANALYSIS OF FIVE SWEETPOTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L) CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 267E-267
Author(s):  
Victor A Khan ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
T. Mafolo ◽  
C. Bonsi ◽  
J.Y. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Mean Relative Growth Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Maturity Groups

TU-82-155 and `Georgia-Jet' early maturing. `Carver II'. TU-1892 and `Rojo-Blanco' late maturing sweepotato cultivars were evaluated in the field for: leaf area index (LAI), net assimilation rate, foliage crop growth rate (FCGR), storage roots crop growth rate (RCGR) and alpha a (the mean relative growth rate in dry wt to the mean relative growth rate in leaf area over a time interval) or the partitioning of assimilates. A split plot design was used and plants were sampled at 6, 8, 11 and 16 wk after transplanting. The results from study showed that LAI reached maximum development 8 and 12 wk after transplanting for early and late maturing cultivars, respectively. All cultivars irrespective to maturity groups showed a reduction in net assimilation rate 6 wk after transplanting while FCGR for early maturing cultivars gradually declined 6 wk after transplanting and varied among late maturing cultivars. `Carver II' showed increases in FCGR up to 11 wk after transplanting then rapidly declined while `Rojo-Blanco' and TU-1892 began to decline 8 and 6 wk after transplanting, respectively. RCGR showed rapid increases (100 g.m /area/week) and (150 g/m /area/week) for early and late maturing cultivars beginning 6 wk after transplanting and this increase continued until the 12th and 8 th wk after transplanting for early and late maturing cultivars, respectively. Cultivars from both maturity groups began to produce surplus assimilates (Alpha a) 6 wk after transplanting. which coincided with the rapid increases in RCGR at the same time. Thus indicating that storage root enlargement begins after the plant had accumulated a surplus of assimilates.

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