scholarly journals Middle Devonian lycopsids from high southern palaeolatitudes of Gondwana (Argentina)

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS A. CINGOLANI ◽  
CHRISTOPHER M. BERRY ◽  
EDUARDO MOREL ◽  
RENATA TOMEZZOLI

Fossil plants are described from the upper part of the Devonian Lolén Formation, Sierra de la Ventana, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, in the area of Estancia Las Acacias. The sequence is composed mainly of dark grey shales, and fossils were found in a single horizon where thin interlayered beds of fine reddish-brown micaceous sandstones appear where the environment of marine deposition became more shallow. The age of the Lolén Formation is presently established on the basis of brachiopods, these being characteristic elements of the Malvinokaffric realm from the Gondwana Lower Devonian (Emsian). The fossil plants are remarkably preserved given that they are in rocks that have undergone intense deformation. The plants are identified as Haplostigma sp. and Haskinsia cf. H. colophylla, and suggest a Middle Devonian age (Givetian) for the fossil-bearing levels. Haskinsia, identified on the basis of leaf morphology, is the first well-delimited Middle Devonian lycopsid genus described from Argentina, and the record from the most southerly palaeolatitude. During the Middle Devonian, Haskinsia was distributed in tropical, warm temperate and high southern latitude, ?cool temperate zones.

1989 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Blodgett ◽  
David M. Rohr

Two new spine-bearing gastropods, Chlupacispira spinosa n. gen. and sp. and Spinulrichospira cheeneetnukensis n. gen. and sp., are described from the late Early Devonian (Emsian) and early Middle Devonian (Eifelian), respectively, of west-central Alaska. These represent the earliest reported spiny pleurotomariacean gastropods. Otherwise, spinose pleurotomariaceans are known from strata no older than Carboniferous age. Spinulrichospira cheeneetnukensis n. gen. and sp. appears to represent a more highly ornamented derivative of Ulrichospira Donald. Both new genera are part of the more highly ornamented fauna which occurred in warm equatorial waters of the Old World Realm during the Early and Middle Devonian, in contrast to more weakly ornamented shells of the Eastern Americas Realm and even more weakly ornamented (almost totally “plain”) shells of the Malvinokaffric Realm. The latter two realms are thought to represent subtropical to warm temperate and cool temperate to cool polar conditions, respectively.


The block of chert containing the fossil plants described in this paper was collected by the late R. L. Jack, when he was the Government Geologist of Queensland, Australia. The block was lent about twenty years ago to Prof. Sir Edgeworth David who was then searching for Radiolaria. Some sections were cut from the block, which seemed to be promising material; but as no Radiolarians were found the material was put away. Recently Sir Edgeworth David realised the nature and importance of the plant remains in it and the whole material was sent by the Queensland Geological Survey to Prof. Seward for examination. Prof. Seward was, at that time, fully occupied with University duties and generously entrusted the work to me. The specimen is stated to be from the Burdekin beds, Burdekin basin, Queensland, and therefore of Middle Devonian age. There is no reason to doubt that it came from these beds ; but there are younger rocks in the neighbourhood, from which it might, possibly, have been collected. A fairly rich fauna of Middle Devonian affinity is known from the Burdekin series (Jack and Etheridge, 1892). The age of these beds has been long accepted as approximately Middle Devonian, and in the more recent work on Queensland Geology (Bryan, 1925), where the full literature is cited, their approximately Middle Devonian age is not questioned. The exact position of the plantbearing chert in the series is however unknown, so that its age must be regarded as probably, though not certainly, Middle Devonian.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 100567
Author(s):  
Carlos J. Garro ◽  
Gabriel E. Morici ◽  
Mariela L. Tomazic ◽  
Daniel Vilte ◽  
Micaela Encinas ◽  
...  

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1769
Author(s):  
Maria Macarena Arrien ◽  
Maite M. Aldaya ◽  
Corina Iris Rodriguez

Agriculture is the largest fresh water consuming sector, and maize is the most produced and consumed crop worldwide. The water footprint (WF) methodology quantifies and evaluates the water volumes consumed and polluted by a given crop, as well as its impacts. In this work, we quantified for the first time the green WF (soil water from precipitation that is evapotranspired) and the green virtual water exports of maize from Buenos Aires province, Argentina, during 2016–2017, due to the relevance of this region in the world maize trade. Furthermore, at local level, we quantified the green, blue (evapotranspired irrigation), and grey (volume of water needed to assimilate a pollution load) WF of maize in a pilot basin. The green WF of maize in the province of Buenos Aires ranged between 170 and 730 m3/ton, with the highest values in the south following a pattern of yields. The contribution of this province in terms of green virtual water to the international maize trade reached 2213 hm3/year, allowing some water-scarce nations to ensure water and water-dependent food security and avoid further environmental impacts related to water. At the Napaleofú basin scale, the total WF of rainfed maize was 358 m3/ton (89% green and 11% grey) and 388 m3/ton (58% green, 25% blue, and 17% grey) for the irrigated crop, showing that there is not only a green WF behind the exported maize, but also a Nitrogen-related grey WF.


1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. von Gosen ◽  
W. Buggisch ◽  
L. V. Dimieri

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1764-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Malo ◽  
Jacques Béland

At the southern margin of the Cambro-Ordovician Humber Zone in the Quebec Appalachians, on Gaspé Peninsula, three structural units of Middle Ordovician to Middle Devonian cover rocks of the Gaspé Belt are in large part bounded by long, straight longitudinal faults. In one of these units, the Aroostook–Percé anticlinorium, several structural features, which can be ascribed to Acadian deformation, are controlled by three subparallel, dextral, strike-slip longitudinal faults: Grande Rivière, Grand Pabos, and Rivière Garin. These faults follow bands of intense deformation, contrasting with the mildly to moderately deformed intervals that separate them.Most of the structural features observed – rotated oblique folds and cleavage, subsidiary Riedel and tension faults, and offsets of markers – can be integrated in a model of strike-slip tectonics that operated in ductile–brittle conditions. A late increment of deformation in the form of conjugate cleavages and minor faults is restricted to the bands of high strain. An anticlockwise transection of the synfolding cleavage in relation to the oblique hinges may be a feature of the rotational deformation.The combined dextral strike slip that can be measured within the three major longitudinal fault zones amounts to 138 km, to which can be added 17 km of ductile movement in the intervals, for a total of 155 km.


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