Morphodynamics of a storm-dominated, shallow tidal inlet: the Slufter, the Netherlands

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van der Vegt ◽  
P. Hoekstra
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Morphological Change ◽  
Tidal Inlet ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
The South ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inlet Channel ◽  
The North

AbstractIn this article we study the morphodynamics of the Slufter on the short-term (months) and long-term (years to decades). The Slufter is a small, shallow tidal inlet located on the island of Texel, the Netherlands. A narrow (tens of meters) channel connects the North Sea with a dune valley of 400 ha. This narrow channel is located in between a 400-700 m wide opening in the dunes. Approximately 80% of the basin of the Slufter is located above mean high water level and is flooded only during storms, when a threshold water level is exceeded.Analysis of historical aerial photographs revealed that the inlet channel migrates about 100 m per year. In the 1970's it migrated to the south, while since 1980 it is migrating to the north. When the channel reached the dunes at the north side of the dune breach the channel was relocated to the south by man. The channel inside the backbarrier basin was less dynamic. It shows a gradual growth and southward migration of a meander on a decadal time scale.The short-term dynamics of the Slufter were studied during a field campaign in 2008. The campaign aimed at identifying the dominant hydrodynamic processes and morphological change during fair weather conditions and during storm events. During fair weather flow velocities in the main inlet channel were 0.5-0.8 m/s at water depths of 0-1.5 m, slightly ebb-dominant and associated morphological change was small. When water levels were above critical levels during a storm period the hydrodynamics in the main channel drastically changed. The flow in the main channel was highly ebb dominant. Long ebb periods with typical flow velocities of 2 m/s were alternated by much shorter flood periods with typical velocities of 0.5-1 m/s. This resulted in a net outflow of water via the main channel, while we measured a net inflow of water at the beach plain. During the storm period in 2008 we measured a 10 m migration of the channel to the north.We conclude that the Slufter is a storm-dominated tidal inlet system.

scholarly journals Palynological indications for Silurian – earliest Devonian age strata in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J.P. Houben ◽  
Geert-Jan Vis
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
The South ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
The North ◽  
Depositional Settings ◽  
Palynological Study ◽  
Devonian Age

Abstract Knowledge of the stratigraphic development of pre-Carboniferous strata in the subsurface of the Netherlands is very limited, leaving the lithostratigraphic nomenclature for this time interval informal. In two wells from the southwestern Netherlands, Silurian strata have repeatedly been reported, suggesting that these are the oldest ever recovered in the Netherlands. The hypothesised presence of Silurian-aged strata has not been tested by biostratigraphic analysis. A similar lack of biostratigraphic control applies to the overlying Devonian succession. We present the results of a palynological study of core material from wells KTG-01 and S05-01. Relatively low-diversity and poorly preserved miospore associations were recorded. These, nonetheless, provide new insights into the regional stratigraphic development of the pre-Carboniferous of the SW Netherlands. The lower two cores from well KTG-01 are of a late Silurian (Ludlow–Pridoli Epoch) to earliest Devonian (Lochkovian) age, confirming that these are the oldest sedimentary strata ever recovered in the Netherlands. The results from the upper cored section from the pre-Carboniferous succession in well KTG-01 and the cored sections from the pre-Carboniferous succession in well S05-01 are more ambiguous. This inferred Devonian succession is, in the current informal lithostratigraphy of the Netherlands, assigned to the Banjaard group and its subordinate Bollen Claystone formation, of presumed Frasnian (i.e. early Late Devonian) age. Age-indicative Middle to Late Devonian palynomorphs were, however, not recorded, and the overall character of the poorly preserved palynological associations in wells KTG-01 and S05-01 may also suggest an Early Devonian age. In terms of lithofacies, however, the cores in well S05-01 can be correlated to the upper Frasnian – lower Famennian Falisolle Formation in the Campine Basin in Belgium. Hence, it remains plausible that an unconformity separates Silurian to Lower Devonian strata from Upper Devonian (Frasnian–Famennian) strata in the SW Netherlands. In general, the abundance of miospore associations points to the presence of a vegetated hinterland and a relatively proximal yet relatively deep marine setting during late Silurian and Early Devonian times. This differs markedly from the open marine depositional settings reported from the Brabant Massif area to the south in present-day Belgium, suggesting a sediment source to the north. The episodic presence of reworked (marine) acritarchs of Ordovician age suggests the influx of sedimentary material from uplifted elements on the present-day Brabant Massif to the south, possibly in relation to the activation of a Brabant Arch system.

scholarly journals The stratigraphy of the Neogene-Quaternary succession in the southwest Netherlands from the Schelphoek borehole (42G4-11/42G0022) – a sequence-stratigraphic approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Slupik ◽  
F.P. Wesselingh ◽  
A.C. Janse ◽  
J.W.F. Reumer
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Tidal Channel ◽  
The South ◽  
Glacial Cycles ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
The North ◽  
Mammal Fauna

AbstractWe investigate the stratigraphy of Neogene and Quaternary intervals of the Schelphoek borehole (Schouwen, Zeeland, the Netherlands). The Breda Formation (Miocene-Zanclean) contains three sequences separated by hiatuses. The Oosterhout Formation (Zanclean-Piacenzian) contains at least two sequences. This formation is overlain by seven sequences of the Gelasian Maassluis Formation that almost certainly represent glacial cycles. The three lowermost sequences are provisionally assigned to the Praetiglian (MIS 96, MIS 98 and MIS 100). A large hiatus exists between the top of the Maassluis Formation and the base of the late Middle to Late Quaternary succession. Due to extensivein situreworking of older strata (including fossils) at the base of several of the formations, their exact boundaries are difficult to establish. The Neogene succession in the Schelphoek borehole is compared to the stratigraphic successions in the Antwerp area to the south and the Dutch coastal area and continental platform to the north. Finally, the stratigraphic context of the Gelasian (‘Tiglian’) mammal fauna dredged from the bottom of a major tidal channel in the adjacent Oosterschelde is assessed by comparison with the Schelphoek borehole.

scholarly journals Moralizing Postcolonial Consumer Society: Fair Trade in the Netherlands, 1964–1997

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter van Dam
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Fair Trade ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
The South ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Consumer Activism ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractDecolonization challenged people across the globe to define their place in a new postcolonial order. This challenge was felt in international political and economic affairs, but it also affected daily lives across the globe. The history of fair trade activism as seen from the Netherlands highlights how citizens in the North grappled to position themselves in a postcolonial consumer society. Interventions by fair trade activists connected debates about the morals of their society to the consequences of decolonization. They reacted to the imbalances of the global market in the wake of decolonization, joining critics from the South in demanding more equitable global relations. It was around this issue of “fair trade” that a transnational coalition of moderate and more radical activists emerged after the 1960s. This coalition held widely dissimilar views regarding the politics of the left and the use of consumer activism. The analysis of their interventions demonstrates that during the postwar era attempts at transforming the global market were inextricably interwoven with visions of a postcolonial order.

scholarly journals The Jurassic of the Netherlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. Waldemar Herngreen ◽  
Wim F.P. Kouwe ◽  
Theo E. Wong
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
The South ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Central System ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
The North ◽  
Roer Valley Graben ◽  
Middle Callovian

A recent revision of the lithostratigraphy of the Netherlands has triggered an extensive re-evaluation of existing ideas on the Jurassic structural and depositional history. Significant advances can be attributed to the incorporation of sequence stratigraphic concepts. In the course of the Triassic and Jurassic, structural complexity increased progressively. The Jurassic sedimentary succession can be subdivided into three depositional megasequences. Megasequence I (Rhaetian– Aalenian) reflects the period between the so-called early and mid-Cimmerian tectonic phases. Megasequence II (Aalenian – Middle Callovian) covers the period of activity of the mid-Cimmerian phase. Megasequence III (Middle Callovian – Ryazanian) corresponds with the period between the mid-Cimmerian and late Cimmerian phases (particularly after pulse II). In this latter megasequence, six stages (IIIa–f) are recognised. Sediments deposited during the Rhaetian and Ryazanian bear a stronger affinity with the Jurassic succession than with Triassic and Cretaceous sediments respectively. These stages are thus treated here as an integral part of the Jurassic succession. During the Rhaetian–Bajocian the area subsided relatively uniformly. A sheet of predominantly fine-grained marine sediments of great lateral uniformity was deposited. During the Toarcian, in particular, basin circulation was largely restricted. The cooling that followed the thermal Central North Sea dome uplift triggered an important extensional phase during the Aalenian–Callovian. The rift phase resulted in the formation of several smaller basins, each with its own characteristic depositional succession. The basins fall into three structural provinces: the eastern province (Lower Saxony Basin, E–W-striking); the northern province (Central Graben, N–S-striking); and the southern–central system (Roer Valley Graben – Broad Fourteens, with a strong NW–SE strike). The mid-Cimmerian event started to affect the Dutch basins during the Bajocian. Sedimentation ceased in the Dutch Central Graben while it persisted in a predominantly coarse-grained, shallow marine facies in the southern basins (Roer Valley Graben, West Netherlands Basin). Extensional tectonics in the Central Graben were initiated during the Middle Callovian, with the deposition of continental sediments. During the Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian, marine incursions gradually became more frequent. Marine deposition in the other basins in the south persisted into the Oxfordian, at which time deposition became predominantly continental. Marine conditions gradually returned in the south during the Ryazanian–Barremian, with a series of advancing partial transgressions from the north. The present- day distribution of Jurassic strata in the Netherlands was determined largely by erosion associated with Late Cretaceous – Paleocene uplift.

When the North is the South: Life in the Netherlands

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Edward L. Ayers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
The South ◽  
The North

A Moated Mound at Abingdon, Berks.

1934 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Present State ◽  
The South ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
Ordinary Water ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Good State ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
The Town

About 80 yds. to the north-east of an old house known as ‘Fitzharry's’ on the northern outskirts of the town of Abingdon is an early Norman moated mound in a good state of preservation. The mound is formed by the upcast of the encircling ditch and is covered with trees; it is roughly circular in shape, the axis from north to south measuring about 78 ft. and from west to east about 68 ft. At present the mound stands up about 10 ft. above the ordinary water-level. The moat is still (except in times of drought) filled with water supplied by an adjacent streamlet, an arm of which formerly appears to have entered the moat on the northern side. This entrance has since partly silted up but is plainly discernible. After flowing through the moat, the water rejoined the original stream at the south-east corner. The exit and the intake form at present only one channel. Originally there were separate channels. The mound and moat duly appear on the Ordnance Survey plans of 1875, and to the east is a tongue of land which may have served as a rudimentary bailey; in its present state it is roughly pear-shaped and much smaller than most of the known examples of the Norman bailey. On the further face of this tongue the streamlet surrounding it widens out considerably. Originally both the mound and the tongue were entirely enclosed by water, which, pursuing its course, descended through the town and fell into the Thames at Abingdon Bridge. On its way the streamlet served till recent times as a parish boundary.

scholarly journals Paleohydrology reconstruction and Holocene climate variability in the South Adriatic Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4357-4399 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Siani ◽  
M. Magny ◽  
M. Paterne ◽  
M. Debret ◽  
M. Fontugne
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The South ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Holocene Period

Abstract. Holocene paleohydrology reconstruction was derived combining planktic and benthic stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and oxygen isotope composition of seawater (δ18Ow) from a high sedimentation core collected in the south Adriatic sea (SAS). Chronology of core is based on 10 AMS 14C measures on planktic foraminifera and tephra markers. Results reveal two contrasted paleohydrological periods that reflect (i) a marked lowering of δ 18Ow/salinity during the early to middle Holocene (11.5 ka to 6.3 ka), including the two-steps sapropel S1 deposition, followed during the middle to upper Holocene by (ii) a prevailed period of increased salinity and enhanced arid conditions in the south Adriatic basin. Superimposed on these trends, short-term centennial-scale hydrological events punctuated the Holocene period in the SAS. During the Early to Middle Holocene, a short-term SST cooling together with a prominent δ 18Ow/salinity lowering, more pronounced than during the sapropel S1 phase, delineates the sapropel S1 interruption. This short interval, coeval to the 8.2 ka event, is also distinguished by a resumption of deep-water convection in the SAS as indicated by stable isotope reconstruction on benthic forminifera. After 6 ka, centennial-scale δ18Ow and G. bulloides δ13C lowering, mostly centered between 3 to 0.6 ka, reflect short term hydrological changes related to a more intensive Po river runoff. These short-term events, even of lesser amplitude compared to the early to middle Holocene period, may have induced a lowering of sea surface density and consequently reduced and/or inhibited the formation of deep bottom waters in the SAS. Comparison of the emerging centennial to millennial-scale hydrological record with previous climatic records from the central Mediterranean area and north of the Alps revealed possible synchronicities (within the radiocarbon-dating uncertainty) between phases of lower salinity in SAS and periods of wetter climatic conditions around the north-central Adriatic Sea. Finally, wavelet analyses provide new clues about the potential origin of climate variability in the SAS confirming the evidence for a mid-Holocene transition in the Central Mediterranean climate and the dominance of a ~ 1700 yr periodicity after 6 ka that reflects a plausible connection with the North Atlantic climate system.

Three Types of South Pacific Subtropical Mode Waters: Their Relation to the Large-Scale Circulation of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre and Their Temporal Variability

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 2478-2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamasa Tsubouchi ◽  
Toshio Suga ◽  
Kimio Hanawa
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Term Variation ◽  
North And South

Abstract A detailed spatial distribution of South Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (SPSTMW) and its temporal variation were investigated using the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) 2001 climatology and high-resolution expendable bathythermograph (HRX) line data. In the WOA 2001 climatology, SPSTMW can be classified into western and eastern parts. A detailed examination of spatial distributions using HRX-PX06 line data revealed that the eastern part can be further divided into two types by the Tasman Front (TF) extension. Consequently, SPSTMW can be classified into three types, referred to in the present study as the West, North, and South types. The West type, situated in the recirculation region of the East Australia Current (EAC), has a core layer temperature (CLT) of about 19.1°C; the North type, in the region north of the TF extension, has a CLT of about 17.6°C; and the South type, in the region south of the TF extension, has a CLT of about 16.0°C. The long-term (>6 yr) variations in the inventories of the three types were dissimilar to each other. The short-term (<6 yr) and long-term variations in the mean CLT of the North and South types were greater than that of the West type. Winter cooling in the previous year may have influenced the short-term variation in the South-type CLT. Moreover, the strength of the EAC may have influenced long-term variation in the West-type inventory and thickness and in the North-type thickness and CLT.

Stability of the Fraser River Delta front

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Luternauer ◽  
W. D. Liam Finn
Keyword(s):  
Main Channel ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
The South ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
Sand Waves ◽  
Cyclic Mobility ◽  
The North ◽  
Fraser River Delta ◽  
Delta Slope

The distributary front deposits of the delta consist mainly of interlayered sand and silt and lie in one of the most seismically active zones in Canada. Subsurface deposits at the north tend to be siltier than those at the south. Sediments on the surface of the delta slope range from clayey silts at the north to pure sands at the south. Slope angles vary from 23° at the head of the slope to 1–2° within 2 km beyond the tidal flats.Hydraulic bedforms observed on the sandy slopes southeast of the main channel gradually increase in size from small ripples to large asymmetric sand waves 2–3 m high and approximately 30 m long. They are generated primarily by flood tidal currents which scour the seabed to a water depth in excess of 100 m.Formation of gullies which crease the delta slope probably is initiated principally by failure of oversteepened deposits at a channel mouth. Previous studies have suggested that the large hummocks or ridges at the base of the slope off the Main Channel have been formed by the compressional folding of failed deposits. Recent reflection seismic surveys suggest that such a process has recurred in this area during the growth of the delta.Interpretation of SPT data, in the light of recent research findings, suggests that previous analyses have overestimated failure potential. It is estimated that the slope may withstand an earthquake with a duration corresponding to approximately 15 significant cycles of motion and a peak acceleration in the range of 11–13% G. Keywords: stability, Fraser River Delta front, mass wasting, erosion, liquefaction potential, cyclic mobility.

Accents of Dutch

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 105-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée van Bezooijen ◽  
Johannes Ytsma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract. This experimental study deals with the perception of regionally colored accents of Standard Dutch (from Groningen, Friesland, Limburg, Zuid-Holland, and West-Flanders) as compared to 'pure' Standard Dutch. Three different aspects were investigated: speech-based personality impression, perceived linguistic divergence, and geographic identifiability. Listeners originated from different parts of the Netherlands. As for personality impression, speakers of 'pure' Standard Dutch were perceived to be significantly more dominant (arrogant, self-assured, and active) than accented speakers from Groningen, Friesland, Limburg, and West-Flanders, and they received significantly higher ratings on the integrity dimension (reliable, fair, and education) than accented speakers from Limburg. No other significant differences (e.g. related to social attractiveness) were found. With respect to linguistic divergence, the speakers from the south (Limburg and West-Flanders) were perceived to have significantly stronger and more homogeneous accents than the speakers from the north (Groningen and Friesland) and the west (Zuid-Holland). Finally, the geographic origin of the speakers from Limburg appeared to be the easiest to identify and that of the speakers from West-Flanders and Groningen the most difficult.

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