Consultative Council of North Atlantic Powers

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-148 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Permanent Establishment ◽  
Planning Group ◽  
European Regional

On October 31, 1949 a preparatory meeting of representatives of the northern European regional planning group – Britain, Denmark and Norway – was held in London. It was attended by the defense ministers, their chiefs-of-staff and other advisers of the three countries. Instructions necessary for the permanent establishment of this group, for meetings of the chiefs-of-staff of member countries, as well as for meetings of the ministers themselves were issued. There was to be also a permanent committee of principal staff officers in London, responsible to the chiefs-of-staff, to provide day-to-day coordination.

scholarly journals A Pilot Climate Sensitivity Study Using the CEN Coupled Adjoint Model (CESAM)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 2031-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Stammer ◽  
A. Köhl ◽  
A. Vlasenko ◽  
I. Matei ◽  
F. Lunkeit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Climate Sensitivity ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
Northern European

A pilot coupled climate sensitivity study is presented based on the newly developed adjoint coupled climate model, Centrum für Erdsystemforschung und Nachhaltigkeit (CEN) Earth System Assimilation Model (CESAM). To this end the components of the coupled forward model are summarized, and the generation of the adjoint code out of the model forward code through the application of the Transformation of Algorithms in FORTRAN (TAF) adjoint compiler is discussed. It is shown that simulations of the intermediate-complexity CESAM are comparable in quality to CMIP-type coupled climate models, justifying the usage of the model to compute adjoint sensitivities of the northern Europe near-surface temperature to anomalies in surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and sea ice over the North Atlantic and the Arctic on time scales of up to one month. Results confirm that on a time scale of up to a few days surface temperatures over northern Europe are influenced by Atlantic temperature anomalies just upstream of the target location. With increasingly longer time lapse, however, it is the influence of SSTs over the central and western North Atlantic on the overlying atmosphere and the associated changes in storm-track pattern that dominate the evolution of the surface European temperature. Influences of surface salinity and sea ice on the northern European temperature appear to have similar sensitivity mechanisms, invoked indirectly through their influence on near-surface temperature anomalies. The adjoint study thus confirms that the SST’s impact on the atmospheric dynamics, notably storm tracks, is the primary cause for the influence of northern European temperature changes.

Biostratigraphie et paléobiogéographie du Siluro-Dévonien de la zone de Meguma (Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada)

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bouyx ◽  
J. Blaise ◽  
D. Brice ◽  
J. M. Dégardin ◽  
D. Goujet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Bear River ◽  
Meguma Terrane ◽  
North Gondwana ◽  
Armorican Massif

Studies of fossils collected from the Nictaux–Torbrook and Bear River synclines (Nova Scotia) allow a reexamination of the Siluro-Devonian stratigraphy of the Meguma terrane. The location of this terrane relative to the main paleocontinents of the circumatlantic domain during this period is discussed. Wenlockian, Ludlovian, and Pridolian biostratigraphic horizons have been dated. The benthic fauna of the Torbrook Formation are assigned here to the Lochkovian, Pragian, and Lower Emsian. The Pridolian fauna shows northern European affinities. Thus, the Meguma terrane probably belonged to the North Atlantic domain, as for the Avalon terrane, and occupied a southern position in the "Euramerica" plate during this period. The Devonian fauna belongs to the "old world realm" and shows north Gondwanian and Rhenish affinities. As early as the Lochkovian, species known from both the Rhenish and north Gondwanian domains are recognized in Meguma, as well as others reported so far only from northwestern Africa, Iberian Peninsula, and (or) Armorican Massif. The presence of Rhenish fauna confirms the postulated location for the Meguma terrane during the Upper Silurian since this fauna is representative of southern Baltica marginal areas in Europe. On the other hand, the presence of north Gondwanian fauna implies close relationships with western European margin of Gondwana. The lack of a wide oceanic gap separating north Gondwana and Euramerica can explain the faunal exchanges during Lower Devonian times between western Europe and easternmost Appalachian province despite the presence of a physical barrier.

The Work of the North Atlantic System Planning Group

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
D. A. Blake
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
The North ◽  
Systems Planning ◽  
Tidal Flows ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Separation Standards ◽  
Planning Group

I propose to discuss the problem of long-range navigation from the point of view of the A.T.C. system planner and to describe in outline the work that has been done in the North Atlantic Systems Planning Group (N.A.T.S.P.G.). In this area there are tidal flows of traffic of relatively high density and there is inevitably a need to reduce separations as much as possible, consistent with safety, to ensure operating costs are reduced, or at least kept in bounds with anticipated increases in traffic. This requires a much more precise definition of an acceptable separation standard, and for future planning the establishment of a relationship between separation standards and navigational capability.

scholarly journals “Northern Balance” and the Conditions of Norway’s Participation in NATO During the Cold War Era

2013 ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
D. A. Talagaeva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Cold War Era ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Cold War

The article is dedicated to the problem of defining the term “Northern balance” as a factor of stability and interaction in the north of Europe, as well as the balance of Soviet and US interests in this region. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of practical grounds for such a definition, primarily to the peculiarities in the Northern European foreign policy in relation to NATO. Besides, the article focuses on Norwegian foreign policy and the terms of the country’s membership in the North-Atlantic alliance.

Pholoe (Polychaeta: Pholoidae) from Northern Europe: A Key and Notes on the Nearshore Species

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1373-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Single Sample ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Marine Benthos ◽  
European Species ◽  
Northern European

The scaleworm genus Pholoe (formerly referred to Sigalionidae) is common and often abundant in marine benthos. In northern Europe, 1–3 species may be present in a single sample but not recognized as distinct, or one species may be reported under different names in different studies. This results in an underevaluation of diversity and precludes comparison between data sets. Four valid species of Pholoe are common in nearshore European waters, but inadequate descriptions and species misinterpretation have resulted in most of these being misidentified as the western North Atlantic P. minuta, not known to occur in European waters. The present note attempts to resolve this confusion; it is based on examination of thousands of specimens, many of them alive, from northern Europe and elsewhere. An illustrated key and notes with brief synonymies for four nearshore northern European species are provided; use of Shirlastain A for temporarily darkening protruding structures is described. Pholoe inornata (type species of the genus), P. baltica and P. assimilis (resurrected) are briefly characterized.

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