The effect of two synthetic steroids on plasma glucose concentration and total entry rate of glucose in sheep

1976 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoma Ranaweera ◽  
E. J. H. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Glucose

SummaryPrimed continuous intravenous infusions of tracer amounts of [2·3H]gluscose were used to measure glucose entry rates before and after the administration of triamcinolone acetonide or trienbolone acetate to sheep eating 1200 g/day of chopped hay.The intramuscular injection of triamcinolone acetonide caused hyperglycaemia with a maximum plasma glucose concentration 24 h after the injection. Twenty-four hours after the injection of 0·5 mg/kg of steroid the mean glucose entry rate rose from 1·44 to 2·14 mg/min/kg. The difference between these means is significant (P < 0·02). Twenty-four hours after injecting 0·05 mg/kg of steroid the mean glucose entry rate had risen from 1·34 to 1·86 mg/min/kg. The difference between these means is significant (P < 0·05). The intramuscular injection of trienbolone acetate (0·5 mg/kg) had no effect on plasma glucose concentration or on glucose entry rate.These results are compared with the effect of betamethasone and are discussed in relation to the treatment of ketosis in cattle and sheep.

THE EFFECT OF BETAMETHASONE ON GLUCOSE UTILIZATION AND OXIDATION BY SHEEP

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. B. REILLY ◽  
E. J. H. FORD
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Glucose ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

SUMMARY Continuous infusions of tracer amounts of [U-14C]glucose were used to measure the effect of a single intramuscular injection of 0·5 mg betamethasone/kg on the rates of glucose entry in six sheep eating 900 g/day chopped hay containing 49 g protein. In four of the sheep the rates of oxidation of glucose to CO2 were also measured. Hyperglycaemia occurred with a maximum plasma glucose concentration occurring 24 h after administration of the steroid. The mean glucose entry rates, expressed as mg/min/kg ± s.e.m., rose from 1·27 ± 0·11 (6) to 1·75 ± 0·16 (6). The difference between these means is significant (P < 0·001). The mean proportion of CO2 derived from glucose after administration of betamethasone (11·64 ± 1·4% (4)) was not significantly different (P > 0·5) from that derived before its administration (12·47 ± 0·34% (4)). The amounts of glucose available for synthetic purposes increased because the total production rates increased. The mean extra amount available was 11·3 ± 2·1 (4) mg C/min. These results are discussed in the light of other findings relating to the actions of the glucocorticosteroids on glucose metabolism.

THE EFFECT OF BETAMETHASONE ON GLUCOSE PRODUCTION AND ON GLUCONEOGENESIS FROM AMINO ACIDS IN SHEEP

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. B. REILLY ◽  
E. J. H. FORD
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Steroid Administration ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Mean Glucose

SUMMARY Primed continuous infusions of tracer amounts of [U-14C]glucose and of [U-14C]labelled mixed amino acids were used to measure plasma glucose and amino acid entry rates and to obtain an index of the incorporation of amino acid carbon into glucose by sheep before and 24 h after a single intramuscular injection of betamethasone. Maximum hyperglycaemia occurred 24 h after administration of the steroid, but there was no significant change in arterial amino acid concentration. Mean glucose entry rate was significantly raised 24 h after steroid administration. The rate of incorporation of amino acid carbon into glucose also increased significantly. The increases in plasma glucose concentration and in glucose entry confirm the authors' previous results. The results also indicate that a significant proportion of the additional glucose entry is synthesized from amino acid carbon.

scholarly journals Effect of Sample Volume Variation and Delay in Analysis on Plasma Glucose Concentration in Sri Lankan Healthy Adults

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Isuru Anupama Dharmasena ◽  
Deepani Siriwardhana ◽  
Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Volume Variation ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Dependent Change ◽  
The Mean

The correct volume of sample and time of storing prior to the analysis are important considerations in the estimation of plasma glucose concentration of patients. The present study was to determine the effect of sample volume variation and time delay in the analysis of plasma glucose results in healthy adults. A total of 30 individuals aged between 20 and 30 years were selected for the study. Blood samples were collected into three fluoride-oxalate collection tubes separately. The results revealed that the sample volume variation from 2.0 mL fluoride-oxalate tube to 1.0 mL and 3.0 mL did not significantly affect the plasma glucose concentration ( p  > 0.05). However, the plasma glucose concentration in the sample significantly decreased upon delaying the analysis. The mean fasting plasma glucose concentration of analysis after one hour of collection and analysis after three hours of collection was not significantly different ( p  > 0.05). The mean fasting plasma glucose concentrations between one hour and five hours timepoints after collection ( p  < 0.001) and between three hours and five hours after collection ( p  = 0.014) were significantly different. In conclusion, overfilling and underfilling (2.0 ± 1.0 mL) of fluoride-oxalate tubes did not affect the plasma glucose results significantly. If the samples are analyzed within three hours of collection, the time dependent change too is not statistically significant.

Glucose lactate interrelations in sheep.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (5) ◽  
pp. E487
Author(s):  
P E Reilly ◽  
L G Chandrasena
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Net Production ◽  
Arterial Plasma

The constant-infusion, isotope-dilution method was used to investigate the interrelationships between the glucose and lactate pools of six trained sheep deprived of food overnight. Arterial plasma lactate concentration was a linear function of the net lactate entry rate as was the net production of glucose from lactate, which suggests that the net rate of formation of glucose from lactate is dependent on the availability of lactate. Similarly the arterial plasma glucose concentration was correlated with the net entry rate of glucose as was the net production rate of lactate from glucose, suggesting that the net rate of lactate production from glucose is a function of arterial plasma glucose concentration. The demonstration of these two interrelations between glucose and lactate in normal sheep suggests that, in the absence of external factors producing hormonal or other changes that could cause perturbations of carbohydrate homeostasis, the net rates of conversion of glucose to lactate and of lactate to glucose may be largely determined by the arterial concentrations of glucose and lactate, respectively.

ACTH initiation of mammary secretion in pregnant goats is influenced by the stage of gestation and pre partum milking

1987 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet J. Stewart ◽  
Felicity M. Maule Walker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummaryPregnant goats were treated with ACTH by intramuscular injection (1 mg/d for 2 d) at various stages of pregnancy to investigate its effect on initiation of mammary secretion. ACTH stimulated lactose secretion and increased udder volume at or after 84 d of gestation, when compared with untreated controls. Treatment with ACTH between d 109 and 127 of gestation increased circulating plasma glucose concentration, mammary blood flow and mammary uptake of glucose which returned to pre injection levels 6 d after treatment. Arterial concentrations of progesterone were not affected by ACTH but mammary progesterone uptake increased 2-fold. Pre partum milking alone stimulated mammary secretion in eight of 13 goats. Subsequent treatment with ACTH resulted in no further change in the composition of the secretion but increase in yield was maintained. ACTH stimulated mammary secretion in those goats which did not respond to pre partum milking. It was concluded that ACTH initiated mammary secretion in pregnant goats by mechanisms which interact with the stimulation of milking but which are independent of circulating progesterone levels.

scholarly journals The Clinical Presentation of Puumala Hantavirus Induced Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Is Related to Plasma Glucose Concentration

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Johanna Tietäväinen ◽  
Satu Mäkelä ◽  
Heini Huhtala ◽  
Ilkka H. Pörsti ◽  
Tomas Strandin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Capillary Leakage

Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome characterized by thrombocytopenia, increased capillary leakage, and acute kidney injury (AKI). As glucosuria at hospital admission predicts the severity of PUUV infection, we explored how plasma glucose concentration associates with disease severity. Plasma glucose values were measured during hospital care in 185 patients with PUUV infection. They were divided into two groups according to maximum plasma glucose concentration: P-Gluc < 7.8 mmol/L (n = 134) and P-Gluc ≥ 7.8 mmol/L (n = 51). The determinants of disease severity were analyzed across groups. Patients with P-Gluc ≥7.8 mmol/L had higher hematocrit (0.46 vs. 0.43; p < 0.001) and lower plasma albumin concentration (24 vs. 29 g/L; p < 0.001) than patients with P-Gluc < 7.8 mmol/L. They presented with higher prevalence of pulmonary infiltrations and pleural effusion in chest radiograph, higher prevalence of shock and greater weight change during hospitalization. Patients with P-Gluc ≥ 7.8 mmol/L were characterized by lower platelet count (50 vs. 66 × 109/L; p = 0.001), more severe AKI (plasma creatinine 272 vs. 151 µmol/L; p = 0.001), and longer hospital treatment (8 vs. 6 days; p < 0.001) than patients with P-Gluc < 7.8 mmol/L. Plasma glucose level is associated with the severity of capillary leakage, thrombocytopenia, inflammation, and AKI in patients with acute PUUV infection.

scholarly journals Intravenous infusion of glucose and insulin in relation to milk secretion in the sow

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Reynolds ◽  
J. A. F. Rook
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Milk Secretion ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
The Difference

1. A comparison was made of the composition of milk from front and rear teats in four sows. There were small and not significant differences in fat, protein and lactose contents, and in the fatty-acid composition of the milk fat with the exception of the 18:3 acid where the difference was also small but significant.2. The effects of intravenous infusions of glucose and insulin in lactating sows on milk secretion and blood composition were investigated in two sows.3. Intravenous infusion of glucose had no effect on blood plasma glucose concentration but increased the yields of lactose, protein and water.4. Intravenous infusion of insulin depressed plasma glucose concentration and the yields of lactose and water. The yield of protein was unaffected.5. It is concluded that differences between the non-ruminant (the sow) and the ruminant in the responses in milk secretion to glucose infusion may be related to differences in the sensitivity to insulin of mammary tissue.

Glucose and lactate kinetics and interrelations in an antarctic bird (emperor penguin)

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (5) ◽  
pp. R458-R464 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Groscolas ◽  
A. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Emperor Penguin ◽  
Replacement Rate ◽  
Lactate Kinetics ◽  
Mean Glucose

The isotope single-injection method was used to investigate the glucose and lactate kinetics and the interrelationships between the glucose and lactate pools in fasting emperor penguins. In these remarkably fast-resistant birds, mean lactate concentration, replacement rate, pool, space, and transit time were 1.5 mmol.1-1,53 mumol.min-1.kg-1, 900 mumol.kg-1, 60% of body mass, and 17 min, respectively. Mean glucose concentration, replacement rate, pool, space, and transit time were 20 mmol.1-1, 23 mumol.min-1.kg-1, 4,300 mumol.kg-1, 24% of body mass, and 196 min, respectively. Maximum conversions of lactate into glucose and of glucose into lactate were 29 +/- 2.9% and 75.5 +/- 4.2%, respectively, which indicates that lactate is an effective gluconeogenic precursor and a major fate of glucose metabolism in fasting penguins. The lactate replacement rate and incorporation into glucose were related to the plasma lactate concentration, which suggests that the rate of formation of glucose from lactate is dependent on the availability of lactate. The glucose replacement rate and reduction into lactate were related with the plasma glucose concentration, suggesting that the rate of lactate formation from glucose is dependent on the plasma glucose concentration. These data suggest that in the fasting emperor penguin glucose and lactate availability is capable of regulating the rate at which these substrates are utilized and interconverted. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence for such regulatory capacities in birds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document