scholarly journals The effect of sodium and potassium fertilizer on the mineral composition of sugar beet

1961 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Potash Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients

Plants from salt and potash fertilizer trials at Bothamsted were harvested at intervals throughout the growing seasons of 1942 and 1943 and analysed for N, K, Na, Ca, Mg and Mn.The uptake of nutrients is discussed with respect to field methods of fertilizer application.Salt increased beet yield in both years, but it did not act by mobilizing soil potassium reserves and increasing the potassium status of the plant. Potash fertilizer, although increasing the potassium status of the plant, did not increase yield. Sodium and potassium were differently distributed in the plant. At harvest, only 6% of the plant's sodium content was in the root compared with 33% of the potassium. The potassium, but not the sodium content of the petiole, was higher than that of the lamina until the end of August. Sodium thus is a nutrient for beet and not a potassium substitute.

Effects of plant density, irrigation and potassium and sodium fertilizers on sugar beet: I. Yields and nutrient composition

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
M. J. Durrant ◽  
D. J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Main Effects

SummaryThree experiments (1970–2) on calcareous sandy loan tested all combinations of four plant densities (18500–124000 plants/ha), two amounts of potassium (0, 156 kg/K/ha) and sodium (0, 247 kg/Na/ha) fertilizer and two watering treatments on yield and chemical composition of sugar beet. The main effects of the treatments in all three experiments confirmed that at least 75000 plants/ha were needed for maximum sugar yield, that sodium fertilizer increased sugar yield more than potassium (+0.76 and +0.29 t/ha respectively) and that the crop responded to irrigation in some years (+1.35 t sugar/ha in 1970 and +1.67 t/ha in 1972).Analysis of the growth of the crop showed that increasing the plant density increased leaf growth per unit area from singling onwards and giving irrigation increased it from July; the effects persisted until harvest and were reflected in increased sugar yields. Fertilizer increased leaf growth early in the season but the effect disappeared later, although sugar yield was still increased. Interactions between plant density, fertilizer treatment and irrigation were small every year but there were some consistent effects on sugar yield. The results suggest that in commercial practice the optimum density is 75000 plants/ha; where irrigation is not practised, 247 kg/ha of sodium and 70 kg/ha of potassium fertilizer should be given. Where irrigation is applied, only 247 kg/ha of sodium needs to be given as the extra water increases the uptake of soil potassium.

The movement of potassium in irrigated and fertilized red sandy clay

1940 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lachower
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Sandy Clay

The present investigation was intended to furnish information concerning:(1) The movement of water-soluble and exchangeable potassium in the soil profile after successive fertilizer applications.(2) The form of potassium—exchangeable, soluble, or non-exchangeable—into which added potassium fertilizer is converted in the soil.(3) The effect of doubling the fertilizer ration on the absorption of potassium by the soil; and the effect of doubling the ration of irrigation water on the absorption and accumulation of potassium in the soil.(4) The effect of frequent successive summer irrigation following fertilizer application on the distribution of the three forms of soil potassium.(5) The effect of fertilization followed by irrigation on soil pH. value.

Sodium and potassium relationships in sugar beet

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
J. A. P. Marsh ◽  
P. B. H. Tinker
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

SUMMARYThree field experiments with sugar beet grown on a light calcareous soil tested a wide range of amounts of sodium and potassium fertilizer with either magnesium or nitrogen. Both sodium and potassium increased sugar yield and there was a large negative interaction between them. Magnesium also increased sugar yield, but the larger dressing of nitrogen decreased it. Sodium, potassium and nitrogen fertilizers also affected the concentration of impurities in the root juice at harvest.Plant samples were also analysed in August when the crop usually contains most sodium. Sodium fertilizer greatly increased the sodium and decreased the potassium concentration in the dry matter of the tops but the composition of the roots changed little. Potassium dressings slightly increased potassium in the tops but did not affect the root composition.Exchangeable sodium in the top soil of plots given sodium fertilizer decreased rapidly early in the season, but increased again from August, probably because sodium was taken up rapidly early in the summer and returned later in dead leaves. Soil potassium decreased throughout the season on plots where potassium was applied, but did not change on plots without potassium fertilizer; this is explained by fixation and release from non-exchangeable forms.On this soil there was no reason to regard sodium in its effect on yield, other than as a replacement for potassium, but its behaviour in the soil and effect on the composition of the plant was quite different.

scholarly journals Effect of potassium fertilization on its available and fixed content in vineyard soil

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Licina ◽  
N. Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
First Year ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
K Fertilizer

The experiment was conducted on brown forest soil in the vineyard with Sauvignon blanc variety on Kober 5BB rootstock. During a thre- year experiment (1994-1996), potassium fertilizer was added in a dose of 0 kg K2O/ha, 50 kg K2O/ha, 100 kg K2O/ha, 150 K2O/ha respectively. After the determination of soil potassium content (1870-1920 mg K2O/100 g), its available form was monitored by using two different extraction methods (AL method and 1N ammonium-acetate extraction). The amount of extracted available K was not significant between the used methods, while the effect of fertilization was visible only at 150 kg/ha potassium rate during the first year in soil layers (30-60 cm, 60-90 cm). Also, another examined soil K fraction (fixed K+) was not affected by K fertilizer application.

Effects of Potassium Application and Straw Returning on Potassium Management and Benefit of Banana

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1511-1518
Author(s):  
Chao Zheng ◽  
Xiaofei Yang ◽  
Kexing Liu ◽  
Yongxiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
Potash Fertilizer ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Potassium Application ◽  
Np Fertilizer

HighlightsThe effects of potash fertilizer and straw returning on a banana orchard were studied by field experiment.Fertilizer with straw was more conductive to potassium nutrient balance and improved banana yield and quality.The economic benefits of straw replacing different amounts of potassium fertilizer were compared.Abstract. To explore the effects of potash fertilizer and straw returning in banana production, a field experiment was carried out, and four treatments were set up: NP fertilizer (NP), NP fertilizer and banana straw (NP+St), NPK fertilizer (NPK), and NPK fertilizer and banana straw (NPK+St). Through the soil potassium balance, the effects of potash fertilizer and straw returning on the yield, quality, and economic benefits of bananas were studied. The results showed that the application of potash fertilizer and straw could improve banana yields. Compared with the NP treatment, the banana yields of the NP+St, NPK, and NPK+St treatments increased by 17.5%, 50.5%, and 71.6%, respectively. The order of banana yield, potassium balance coefficient, and nutrient accumulation was NPK+St > NP+St > NPK > NP. The NPK+St treatment also improved the recovery rate and agronomic utilization rate of potash fertilizer, which were higher than that of potassium application without straw (NPK) and straw application without potassium (NP+St). Potassium application with straw improved the banana yield, increased the total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and improved the efficiency of potash fertilizer uptake by the crop. Therefore, this study demonstrates the importance of straw for maintaining the soil potassium balance in banana production. The input cost of potassium fertilizer was reduced, and the resource utilization of banana straw was realized by straw returning, which can be promoted in local agricultural production. Keywords: Banana, Potassium application, Potassium balance, Straw returning, Yield.

Influence of a BactoFil microbiological preparation on the intensity of infection by Rhizoctonia solani and the effects on sugar beet yield and quality

2012 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Suzana Kristek ◽  
Andrija Kristek ◽  
Dragana Kocevski ◽  
Antonija K. Jankovi ◽  
Dražen Juriši
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Set Up

The experiment was set up on two types of the soil: Mollic Gleysols (FAO, 1998) and Eutric Cambisols where the presence of pathogenic fungi – sugar beet root decay agent – Rhizoctonia solani has been detected since 2005. In a two year study (2008, 2009), the experiment was set up by completely randomized block design in 4 repetitions and 16 different variants. Two beet varieties, Belinda, sensitive to pathogenic fungi R. solani, and Laetitia, tolerant to pathogenic fungi R. solani), were grown. The microbiological preparation BactoFil was applied in different amounts in autumn and spring. In addition, the nitrogen fertilizer application, based on the results of soil analysis, was varied. The following parameters were tested: amount of infected and decayed plants, root yield, sugar content, sugar in molasses and sugar yield. The best results were obtained by applying the microbiological preparation BactoFil, and by 30% reduced nitrogen fertilizer application. Preparation dosage and time of application depended on soil properties.

scholarly journals Cotton cultivar response to potassium fertilizer application in texas’ southern high plains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Yaw O. Kusi ◽  
Katie L. Lewis ◽  
Gaylon D. Morgan ◽  
Glen L. Ritchie ◽  
Sanjit K. Deb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

Influence of intra-row plant spacing, phosphorus application and growth stage on the forage, seed yields and quality of phasey bean (Macroptilium lathyroides) in subhumid area of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. T. Omokanye ◽  
J. T. Amodu ◽  
S. O. Onifade
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Application ◽  
Macroptilium Lathyroides ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Forage, seed yields and herbage chemical composition of phasey bean Macroptilium lathyroides) were investigated at 3 intra-row plant spacings (15, 30 and 45cm between plants; 50 cm between roms), 4 phosphorus (P) fertilizer application rates (O), 50, 100 and 750 kg/ha P) and 5 harvest stages (uncut control, 6, 9, 12 and 15 weeks post sowing) in two growing seasons at Shika in northern Nigeria. The least intra-row plant spacing (15cm) produced higher (p<0.01) total DM vield (1.50 t/ha) than wider spacings. The proportion of leaf was least (40 %) in the widest spacing compared with other spacings (59-62 %). The P-fertilized plots produced 58-60% more total DM vields than the unfertilized plots and total DM yields increased with advanced plant growth. The highest percentage (61-63) of leaf was recorded from 6 to 12 weeks post sowing. Nitrogen level in herbage increased (p<0.05) with increased intra-row plant spacing and P application. Phosphorus and Calcium. Levels in herbage did not respond to intra-row plant spacing but increased with P application. The Ca:P ratios at the harvest stages were between 1:1 and 6:1. The highest seed yields (198 and 188 kg/ha) were recorded respectiely in the least intra-row plant spacing and the application of 100 kg Piha. Supplementation of calves on grasses/cereal stovers with phasey bean hay in a sustainable crop livestock production systems is suggested.

Bi-directional exchange of ammonia above a corn crop canopy: from flux measurements to model parameterizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Moravek ◽  
Saumya Singh ◽  
Elizabeth Pattey ◽  
Amy Hdrina ◽  
Theodora Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Corn Crop ◽  
Stomatal Flux ◽  
Flux Measurements

&lt;p&gt;Emissions of ammonia (NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) from agriculture have a significant impact on the environment. Its atmospheric transport and subsequent deposition has been shown to alter nutrient-poor ecosystems thereby reducing biodiversity. As the most abundant base in the atmosphere, NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; plays a key role in secondary aerosol formation impacting air quality and climate. Due to the lack of long term observations and challenges in performing NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; flux measurements, large uncertainties exist in both emission quantification from fertilized crop fields and in the bi-directional exchange of NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; with agroecosystems. We measured NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes above a corn field using the eddy covariance technique together with a quantum cascade laser spectroscopy analyzer over two consecutive growing seasons in 2017 and 2018. We found that after initial NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; emissions following fertilizer application, periods of both NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; emission and deposition with similar flux magnitudes prevailed throughout the growing seasons (ranging approximately between &amp;#177;300 ng m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), highlighting the importance of the corn crop canopy for regulating the net NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; exchange. To evaluate the underlying processes of the NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; bi-directional exchange, a two-layer compensation point model was used. Based on the large range of environmental conditions encountered during the extensive flux measurements periods, the validity of different parameterizations could be assessed. In particular, processes regulating stomatal and non-stomatal flux pathways will be discussed.&lt;/p&gt;

RELEASE OF NON-EXCHANGEABLE SOIL POTASSIUM BY RESIN-EQUILIBRATION AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR CROP GROWTH

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Barber ◽  
B. C. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Soil Potassium ◽  
The Difference

The non-exchangeable potassium released by soil after equilibration with cation-exchange resin was determined by extraction of the mixture with neutral ammonium acetate at room temperature and compared with a similar extraction in the absence of resin. The difference obtained following a 2-day equilibration period was called moderately-available potassium.Simple linear regression of yield on exchangeable potassium or exchangeable plus moderately-available potassium accounted for only 16 and 27 per cent respectively of the variability in yield response of corn, wheat, oats and potatoes to potassium fertilizer in the field. Multiple linear regression of yield on exchangeable and moderately-available potassium accounted for an average of 37 per cent of the variation in crop response; but a multiple quadratic regression of Log (100-per cent yield) on exchangeable and moderately-available potassium accounted for an average of 56 per cent of the variability in Log (100-per cent yield). Multiple quadratic regression of absolute yield or per cent yield on exchangeable and moderately-available potassium accounted for 46 and 50 per cent, respectively, of the variability in crop response to potassium fertilizer.

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