Forecasting growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) with a dynamic simulation model ‘PNUTGRO’ under Punjab conditions

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRABHJYOT KAUR ◽  
S. S. HUNDAL
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
Seed Yields

The dynamic simulation model ‘PNUTGRO’ was used to predict groundnut growth and yield from 1989 to 1993 at Ludhiana, India. The simulated flowering, pegging and physiological maturity dates, leaf area index (LAI), pod and seed yields and shelling percentage of groundnut were compared with actual observations for the commonly grown cultivar, M-335. The simulated phenologic events showed deviations of only −3 to +3 days for flowering, −3 to +2 days for pegging and −4 to +2 days for physiological maturity of the crop. The model estimated the LAI to be within 95–108% (mean 101·5%) and shelling percentage to be within 93–108% (mean 100·5%) of the actual values. The model predicted the pod yields from 89 to 111% (mean 100%) and seed yield from 90 to 110% (mean 100%) of the observed yields. The results obtained with the model for the five consecutive crop seasons revealed satisfactory predictions of phenology, growth and yield of groundnut and hence the model ‘PNUTGRO’ can be used for prediction of groundnut production in the central plains of the Indian Punjab.

Growth and yield of indeterminate soybeans. 1. Effect of defoliation

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
LW Banks ◽  
AL Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Over The Top

Indeterminate soybeans (Glycine max, varieties Chaffey and Farrer) were subjected to defoliation treatments in the field over 3 years to determine their ability to recover from leaf damage from foliage feeding pests. Defoliation treatments were imposed in years 1 and 2 by clipping all leaflets in half mechanically (50%) or by removing all leaves leaving the petioles on the plant (1 00%) to simulate 2 severe levels of sudden defoliation. The variety Chaffey was defoliated early in vegetative growth (V2), at the beginning of flowering (Fl), at full flowering (F100) or at the end of flowering (EF100) as single treatments in years 1 and 2. In year 3, only the top 4 leaves of each plant were clipped in half to simulate levels of defoliation experienced in commercial crops. In that year the variety Farrer was treated at stages V3 (early vegetative), F1 or F100 as single treatments or at V3 + F1, F1 + F100 or weekly from V3 to EF100 as repeated treatments. Severe defoliation (100%) at EF100 hastened maturity (95% of pods dry) by 24 days (year 1) and 22 days (year 2), which reduced seed size by 34 and 41%, seed number by 38 and 32% and seed yield by 58 and 60%, respectively. Seed yield was also reduced by a single 100% defoliation at F1 due to reductions in seed number rather than to seed size. The repeated defoliations in year 3 reduced leaf area index, plant height, seed number and .seed yield. Weekly defoliations reduced yield by 20% by reducing seed size by 8% and seed number by 13%. We conclude that, prior to flowering, 50% defoliation is unlikely to reduce yield, but repeated damage will reduce yield significantly. Also, indeterminate soybeans can withstand an initial 50% loss over the top 4 leaves at F1, but repeated defoliations reduce seed yields.

scholarly journals Study on improving three-dimensional dynamic simulation model and equation of flexible fabric

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 168781401985284
Author(s):  
Meiliang Wang ◽  
Mingjun Wang ◽  
Xiaobo Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Solving ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
Novel Model ◽  
Simulation Equation

The use of the traditional fabric simulation model evidently shows that it cannot accurately reflect the material properties of the real fabric. This is against the background that the simulation result is artificial or an imitation, which leads to a low simulation equation. In order to solve such problems from occurring, there is need for a novel model that is designed to enhance the essential properties required for a flexible fabric, the simulation effect of the fabric, and the efficiency of simulation equation solving. Therefore, the improvement study results will offer a meaningful and practical understanding within the field of garment automation design, three-dimensional animation, virtual fitting to mention but a few.

scholarly journals Climate-related migration and population health: social science-oriented dynamic simulation model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Reuveny
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Pilot Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model

Abstract Background Social science models find the ecological impacts of climate change (EICC) contribute to internal migration in developing countries and, less so, international migration. Projections expect massive climate-related migration in this century. Nascent research calls to study health, migration, population, and armed conflict potential together, accounting for EICC and other factors. System science offers a way: develop a dynamic simulation model (DSM). We aim to validate the feasibility and usefulness of a pilot DSM intended to serve as a proof-of-concept and a basis for identifying model extensions to make it less simplified and more realistic. Methods Studies have separately examined essential parts. Our DSM integrates their results and computes composites of health problems (HP), health care (HC), non-EICC environmental health problems (EP), and environmental health services (ES) by origin site and by immigrants and natives in a destination site, and conflict risk and intensity per area. The exogenous variables include composites of EICC, sociopolitical, economic, and other factors. We simulate the model for synthetic input values and conduct sensitivity analyses. Results The simulation results refer to generic origin and destination sites anywhere on Earth. The effects’ sizes are likely inaccurate from a real-world view, as our input values are synthetic. Their signs and dynamics are plausible, internally consistent, and, like the sizes, respond logically in sensitivity analyses. Climate migration may harm public health in a host area even with perfect HC/ES qualities and full access; and no HP spillovers across groups, conflict, EICC, and EP. Deviations from these conditions may worsen everyone’s health. We consider adaptation options. Conclusions This work shows we can start developing DSMs to understand climate migration and public health by examining each case with its own inputs. Validation of our pilot model suggests we can use it as intended. We lay a path to making it more realistic for policy analysis.

Assessment of plant population on growth, fibre and seed yield of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in Ibadan western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
S.O. Olanipekun ◽  
A.O. Togun ◽  
S.A. Adejumo ◽  
O.N. Adeniyan ◽  
A.K. Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Bast Fibre ◽  
Statistical Analysis System ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Seed Yields

Kenaf is a multi-purpose crop with numerous industrial uses. Its production is constrained by poor cultural and agronomic practices which reduce yield. Inappropriate spacing among others could result in low yield. Effect of plant spacing on growth and yield of kenaf was investigated in Ibadan, Nigeria. Kenaf seed was sown (2 plants/stand) at three plant spacing: 50×15, 50×20, 50×25 cm was assessed for seed and bast fibre yields using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The analysis was done using statistical analysis system (SAS). Plant spacing differed significantly for bast fibre and seed yields. Highest bast fibre yield (0.9±0.03) and seed yield (0.5±0.01) were obtained at 50×20 cm and 50×25 cm spacing, respectively, while the lowest bast fibre yield (0.7±0.01) and seed yield (0.3±0.01) were obtained at 50×15 cm spacing. Spacing of 50 × 15 cm and 50 × 20 cm are appropriate when planting for fibre while 50 × 25cm is appropriate for seed production. Keywords: Kenaf, Spacing, Fibre and Seed yield.

scholarly journals Dynamic Simulation of Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Using Wastewater Plant Simulation Software

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Idzham Fauzi Mohd Ariff ◽  
Mardhiyah Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
Plant Monitoring ◽  
Plant Simulation

A dynamic simulation model was developed, calibrated and validated for a petrochemical plant in Terengganu, Malaysia. Calibration and validation of the model was conducted based on plant monitoring data spanning 3 years resulting in a model accuracy (RMSD) for effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and total suspended solids (TSS) of ±11.7 mg/L, ±0.52 mg/L and ± 3.27 mg/L respectively. The simulation model has since been used for troubleshooting during plant upsets, planning of plant turnarounds and developing upgrade options. A case study is presented where the simulation model was used to assist in troubleshooting and rectification of a plant upset where ingress of a surfactant compound resulted in high effluent TSS and COD. The model was successfully used in the incident troubleshooting activities and provided critical insights that assisted the plant operators to quickly respond and bring back the system to normal, stable condition.

scholarly journals Agro-meteorology of Indian Brassicas

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
RAJ SINGH ◽  
V. U. M. RAO ◽  
DIWAN SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Weather Parameters

Field experiment was conducted for two crop seasons (1996-97 & 1997-98) at CCS, HAU, Hisar research farm to study the effect of weather parameters on growth and yield of mustard. The results indicated that an increase in maximum temperature and duration of sunshine hours resulted in increased leaf area index (LAI). The increase in daytime temperature resulted in higher biomass accumulation during vegetative phase, but the trend was reversed during physiological maturity. The biomass accumulation in brassicas increased with increase in evaporation rate during the grand growth period. However, latter on during the physiological maturity, increase in evaporation rate resulted in decline of biomass accumulation. Further, it was noted that the magnitudes of some important weather parameters (maximum and minimum temperatures, pan evaporation and morning relative humidity) during the vegetative phase of crop played decisive role in deciding the quantum of seed yield which is a resultant of various yield attributes. The rainfall during the crop growing season either have no association or had a negative relationship with yield and yield attributes because crop never experienced water stress as abundant moisture was made available through irrigation.

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