Age at first birth and lifetime fertility

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Balakrishnan ◽  
K. Vaninadha Rao ◽  
Karol J. Krotki ◽  
Evelyne Lapierre-Adamcyk
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Cumulative Fertility ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Late Starters

SummaryAmong a national sample of Canadian women in the Canadian National Fertility Survey of 1984, the excess cumulative fertility of those who started their families early over others has steadily decreased. A difference of approximately two births between early and late starters among older women is reduced to approximately half a child among the younger women. Except for those who start childbearing after age 25, there is little evidence of attempts to catch up after age 30, irrespective of starting age.

scholarly journals Preventing first births among adolescents in Mexico City’s public abortion programme

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjsrh-2020-200795
Author(s):  
Blair G Darney ◽  
Evelyn Fuentes-Rivera ◽  
Biani Saavedra-Avendano ◽  
Patricio Sanhueza-Smith ◽  
Raffaela Schiavon
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Older Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Employed Women

IntroductionWe examined parity and age among women seeking an abortion in Mexico City’s public first-trimester abortion programme, Interrupcion Legal de Embarazo (ILE). We hypothesised that younger women, especially students, used abortion to prevent first births while older women used abortion to limit births.MethodsWe used clinical data from a sample of 47 462 women who had an abortion between 2007 and 2016 and classified them as nulliparous or parous according to previous births prior to the abortion. We used logistic regression to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with using abortion to prevent a first birth (nulliparous) versus limiting births (parous) and calculated absolute multivariable predicted probabilities.ResultsOverall, 41% of abortions were in nulliparous women seeking to prevent a first birth, and 59% were in women who already had one or more children. The adjusted probability of using abortion to prevent a first birth was 80.4% (95% CI 78.3 to 82.4) for women aged 12–17 years and 54.3% (95% CI 51.6 to 57.0) for women aged 18–24 years. Adolescents (aged 12–17 years) who were employed or students had nearly 90% adjusted probability of using abortion to prevent a first birth (employed 87.8%, 95% CI 82.9 to 92.8; students 88.5%, 95% CI 82.9 to 94.1). At all ages, employed women and students had higher probabilities of using abortion to prevent a first birth compared with unemployed women and women who work in the home.ConclusionLegal first-trimester abortion services in Mexico can help prevent first births in adolescents, especially students.

Education, age at first birth, and the timing of fertility in the United States: recent trends

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Wineberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Current Population Survey ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
White Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Over Time

SummaryThis paper enquires whether education and age at first birth, both strongly associated with completed fertility, are related to the timing of fertility, in particular the timing of the first three births, among once married white women. Analysis of data from the June 1985 United States Current Population Survey indicates that education is related to the timing of fertility; this relationship has remained relatively constant over time. Age at first birth is associated with the timing of fertility among older but not younger women.

Birth Spacing in Pakistan

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeba Sathar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Table Analysis ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Account Interaction ◽  
Length Of Interval

SummaryLife table analysis is applied to data from the Pakistan Fertility Survey (1975) to examine the effects on birth spacing of a number of socioeconomic variables. Women of more modern backgrounds seem to space their families more closely, but differ little in achieved family size from the more traditional groups. Important factors are age at marriage, age at first birth, province of residence, and whether the woman had ever used contraception. Multivariate analysis taking into account interaction between variables shows that education, urban-rural residence, and province exert independent effects, and so does the cohort of the mother. But the variable with the strongest effect on length of interval, other than that from marriage to first birth, is duration of breast-feeding.

scholarly journals Associations of Pregnancy History with BMI and Weight Gain in 45–54-Year-Old Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana C Pacyga ◽  
Melissa Henning ◽  
Catheryne Chiang ◽  
Rebecca L Smith ◽  
Jodi A Flaws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Pregnancy History

ABSTRACT Background Midlife women have a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease than younger women, but the lifelong biological/lifestyle factors responsible for this increase are unclear. Objectives We investigated whether pregnancy history is a risk factor for midlife overweight/obesity and evaluated potential hormonal mechanisms. Methods The Baltimore Midlife Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort, recruited 772 women aged 45–54 y. Women reported pregnancy characteristics via questionnaires, trained staff measured weight/height to calculate midlife BMI, and serum hormones were assessed by ELISA. Logistic regression models assessed associations of pregnancy history with risk of midlife overweight/obesity and BMI gain since age 18. We additionally explored whether associations differed by menopausal status, and whether midlife hormones mediated relationships of pregnancy history and midlife BMI. Results These premenopausal or perimenopausal women were 66% Caucasian/White and 30% African American/Black, with a median of 2 live births (range: 0–11) and median age at first birth of 27 y (range: 12–46 y). Women with 0 and ≥2 live births had lower odds of overweight/obesity than those with 1 birth (OR = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96; P = 0.04, and OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.95; P = 0.03, respectively). Women with ≥2 live births also had lower odds of BMI gain than those with 1 birth (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.41, 1.06; P = 0.08). Furthermore, women who were older at their first birth had lower odds of overweight/obesity (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.00; P = 0.03) and BMI gain (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.00; P = 0.06). Number of pregnancies and age at last pregnancy were not associated with midlife overweight/obesity or BMI gain. Associations did not differ by menopausal status and were not explained by midlife hormones. Conclusions Earlier childbirth and having 1 child increased women's risk of midlife overweight/obesity and BMI gain since age 18. Additional studies should focus on women's childbearing years as a critical determinant of midlife metabolic health.

Covariates of age at first birth in Guyana: a hazards model analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vaninadha Rao ◽  
Komanduri S. Murty
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Early Entry ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
First Birth Timing

SummaryAnalysis of data from the Guyana Fertility Survey on the trends and covariates of age at first birth among various birth cohorts of women ever in union indicates that an early entry into union is associated with young age at first birth and higher number of children born. Multivariate analysis showed that women with highér education, urban residence, and entry into union at age 20 or older among younger cohorts experienced lower risks for first birth compared to others, and that young women are delaying their first birth for longer durations than older women. Work status of women before first birth and the starting age of union seem to be the two major contributory factors for age at first birth. Noticeably, the role of education has changed and is now more significant among younger cohorts than among older ones for first birth timing.

Differential fertility in the United States, 1980: continuity or change?

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Wineberg ◽  
James McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Fertility Expectations ◽  
Fertility Differentials

SummaryThis paper considers how changes in women's socio-cultural characteristics have influenced recent patterns of differential fertility in the United States and whether the convergence of fertility differentials observed up to 1970 has continued. Analysis of data from the June 1980 United States Current Population Survey, suggests that there has been no change in differential fertility in recent years. Age at first birth, length of first birth interval, income and education were all negatively associated with fertility, among both older and younger women. When fertility expectations were examined, however, the association of the independent variables with expected completed fertility was weaker among younger women, indicating that there has been some convergence in expected completed fertility. Further narrowing of differentials in actual fertility depends on how successful the younger women are in preventing future unplanned births.

Age at First Birth, Health, and Mortality

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mirowsky
Keyword(s):  
National Sample ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Social Correlates ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Mortality Hazard ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
End Of Puberty

The biodevelopmental view sees the readiness and soundness of the organism at the time of first birth as its prime link to health and survival years and decades later. It suggests an optimum age at first birth shortly after puberty. The biosocial view emphasizes social correlates and consequences of age at first birth that may influence health and survival many years later. It suggests that better health and survival come from delaying motherhood as long as possible, perhaps indefinitely. Analyses consistently find patterns more in keeping with the biosocial view in a U.S. national sample of women ages 25 through 95. The fitted curves show high levels of current health problems among women who first gave birth in or shortly after puberty. Problems drop steadily the longer that first birth was delayed, up to about age 34, then rise increasingly steeply, particularly after about age 40. For women currently of the same age, the ratio of health problems expected given first birth under age 18 versus around age 34 equals that from currently being 14 years older. Health problems rise steeply with length of having delayed beyond age 40. Mortality hazard also declines with having delayed first birth well beyond the end of puberty. The ratio of mortality hazard between mothers with teenage versus late first births equals that from a 10-year difference in current age. Comparison to nonmothers of similar age and race/ethnicity shows that the correlation of motherhood with health problems and mortality hazard switches from detrimental to beneficial with delay beyond about age 22.

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