Interaction

In contrast to standard accounts of social cognition I offer an alternative account—interaction theory. According to this approach we understand other people primarily by means of a diverse set of embodied, social, and cultural practices governed by social norms. Our understanding of someone’s action is frequently shaped by shared pragmatic contexts and in terms of social roles. Developmentally this interaction account builds on three sets of processes or abilities: primary intersubjectivity, a set of sensory-motor abilities and action-oriented perceptual capacities involved in face-to-face dyadic interaction; secondary intersubjectivity, a set of abilities involving joint attention and joint actions with others in shared pragmatic and social contexts; and communicative and narrative competencies that explain more advanced aspects of understanding others. This chapter explores the meaning of and the science behind primary and secondary intersubjectivity.

CHARACTERISTIC OF INTERACTION STIMULANT FACTORS ANALYSIS ON SOCIAL MEDIA INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT @DITJENPAJAKRI

Consciously or not, the social media era has moved the flow of information to their gadgets. Indonesia has been ranked third as an active user of social media Instagram. So, currently both personally and institutionally it is not unusual to have an Instagram account such as the Republic of Indonesia Directorate General of Tax with account @ditjenpajakri. Exactly, the beneficiary of the account has become an interactive medium that increases popularity to encourage trust and conversion tax in Indonesia towards the tax-aware generation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of interaction stimulant factors on the @ditjenpajakri account with the content analysis method on various components that encourage interaction in 504 posts in 2018. The results of the research reveal that the booster component of the @ditjenpajakri account interaction consists of the type of photo/image, the number of likes/love and followers/comments, types of captions, and hashtag.

Connection-matrix eigenvalues in the Ising model: taking into account interaction with next-nearest neighbors

The connection matrix of the Ising model on a d-dimensional hypercube is investigated. In addition to the interactions between the nearest neighbors, the interactions between the next-nearest neighbors are taken into account. For such a matrix, the exact relations for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, which are reasonably simply expressed through the corresponding characteristics of the one-dimensional Ising model, are obtained. Both periodic and free boundary conditions are considered.

Capability Theory, Just Institutions, and Communitarian Conscience

This chapter starts to move towards a political theory that, by taking multispecies context seriously, considers communitarianism as the most reasonable starting point over utilitarian or other alternative approaches. Drawing on Martha Nussbaum, the author develops and refines her political theory of justice through her communitarian approach in a way that attempts to take into account interaction and entanglements with other species. Nussbaum’s approach, which draws on capabilities in community, is more inclusive and holistic compared with procedural theories of justice such as that of John Rawls, but it still lacks a robust means to integrate love and compassion with justice. Classic theological approaches provide such an ontological basis, but remain vulnerable in the face of ethical naturalism. Yet an evolutionary naturalistic ethic also flounders given the ambiguity of human history with other animals. The work of Paul Riceour is discussed as his theories contribute to the overall thesis of this book, namely, that the goal of a multispecies ethics needs to include the idea of living well in and for others in just institutions, but broaden out his view so that it is inclusive of other animal kinds.

Development of approach to improvement of urban traffic flow diagram

The result of generalized analysis of Russian and foreign studies focused on urban transportation systems demonstrate that the existing methods of forming schemes of passenger transport routes only partially account interaction of transport flows and urban highways. Usually, insufficient attention is paid to optimization criteria that allow performing comprehensive analysis of rationality of transport route schemes. It is defined that speed is one of the key optimization criteria for transport systems that accounts specific feature of traffic flow organization on a street network of a big city and its state with regard to the use of traffic. An approach to reasonable scheduling of route scheme reorganization was developed basing on the routing experience, it allows accounting the factors that defines technical state of a road network and characteristics of transport flows.

Fatigue Lives of Multiple Flaws in Accordance With Combination Rule

When multiple flaws are detected in structural components, remaining lives of the components are estimated by fatigue flaw growth calculations using combination rules in fitness-for-service codes. ASME, BS7910 and FITNET Codes provide different combination rules. Fatigue flaw growth for adjacent surface flaws in a pipe subjected to cyclic tensile stress were obtained by numerical calculations using these different combination rules. In addition, fatigue lives taking into account interaction effect between the two flaws were conducted by extended finite element method (X-FEM). As the calculation results, it is found that the fatigue lives calculated by the X-FEM are close to those by the ASME Code. Finally, it is worth noticing that the combination rule provided by the ASME Code is appropriate for fatigue flaw growth calculations.