DESIRED FAMILY SIZE, FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY IN ETHIOPIA

Summary.This paper models the proximate determinants of children born to over 13,000 Ethiopian women and of the women’s stated preferences for additional births using the data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2000. Empirical models for the number of children born to women were estimated using Poisson and ordinal regressions. The results show the importance of variables such as maternal education for smaller family size, and that variables reflecting desired family size are strong predictors of the numbers of children born to women. Secondly, binary logistic models for dichotomous variables for women not wanting more children and if getting pregnant would be a ‘big problem’ showed non-linear effects of the surviving and ‘ideal’ number of children. Moreover, the results indicated a desire on the part of women to limit family size, especially as the number of surviving children increased. Probit models were estimated to address potential endogeneity of certain variables. Overall, the results indicated that counselling couples about small family size and increasing the utilization of health care services can lower fertility in Ethiopia.

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Factors affecting the exit from farming of young farmers in Turkey: the case of Niğde province

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180471 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Ali Berk

Keyword(s):

Health Care Services ◽

Agricultural Activity ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Face To Face ◽

Learning Modules ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Interview Method ◽

Care Services ◽

Education And Health ◽

The City

ABSTRACT: This study has focused on the factor affecting the exit from farming of young farmers, since it is an important issue in many provinces of Turkey. Data obtained through face-to-face interview method with 85 selected young farmers (aged 15-40 years) engaged in agricultural activity in the Niğde province in 2017. Logistic regression model based upon the dependent variable decision to exit from farming was used to determine relevant factors. According to results, number of children, the presence of house in the city center and the monthly income level has effects to exit from farming. Young farmers have priorities to reach a better life conditions for their children such as better education and health care services. Rural investment support should be increased; entrepreneurship and innovation trainings should be expanded by encouraging training on agriculture. It would be beneficial to develop different applications such as distance learning modules and digital agriculture.

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IDEAL VERSUS ACTUAL: THE CONTRADICTION IN NUMBER OF CHILDREN BORN TO NIGERIAN WOMEN

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932010000684 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 233-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

LATIFAT IBISOMI ◽

STEPHEN GYIMAH ◽

KANYIVA MUINDI ◽

JONES ADJEI

Keyword(s):

Family Size ◽

Child Death ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Nigerian Women ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Fertility Desires ◽

Poor Households ◽

The Difference ◽

Desired Family Size ◽

Late Childbearing

SummaryAlthough desired family size is often different from actual family size, the dynamics of this difference are not well understood. This paper examines the patterns and determinants of the difference between desired and actual number of children (unmet fertility desires) among women aged 15–49 years using pooled data from the 1990, 1999 and 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys (NDHSs). The results show that more than two-thirds of the sample have unmet fertility desires (18.1% have more while 52.4% have fewer than desired). It was found that early and late childbearing increased the odds of unmet fertility desires. Also, women with low levels of education, from poor households, rural residents as well as those who had experienced child death were at a higher risk of unmet fertility desires in the multivariate context. The study highlights the policy and programme implications of the findings.

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Health care services and maternal education in South Africa

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494815596501 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (7) ◽

pp. 673-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Sathiya Susuman

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Care Services

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Socio-cultural Constraints and Women’s Decision-making Power Regarding Reproductive Behaviour

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v38i4iipp.689-696 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 38 (4II) ◽

pp. 689-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Syed Mubashir Ali ◽

Mehboob Sultan

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Family Size ◽

Reproductive Behaviour ◽

Data Set ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Small Family ◽

Small Family Size ◽

Ideal Number ◽

Cultural Constraints

In a previous study [Ali, Siyal and Sultan (1995)], we observed a big gap between behaviour and desires. Only 35 percent women had the number of children that they had desired. Whereas, a very large number of women had more children than their stated ideal number of children. The same data set also showed that a majority of women (54 percent) either wanted to stop having children or wanted to wait at least two years before having another child [Ali and Rukanuddin (1992)]. In practice, all of these women were not protected; instead only 12 percent were practising contraception [Shah and Ali (1992)]. An argument was put forward that, had these women been empowered to decide about the number of children to be born, the scenario would have been different and small family size norms would have prevailed.

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Childhood Memories and Contemporary Parenting in Ekiti, Nigeria

Africa ◽

10.3366/afr.2005.75.1.63 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 63-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Elisha P. Renne

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Family Size ◽

Childhood Memories ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Young Parents ◽

Child Fostering ◽

Early Colonial ◽

History Of ◽

British Colonial ◽

Limit Family Size

AbstractThe practice of pawning children, whose labour served as interest paid on loans, was common in precolonial and early colonial Ekiti Yoruba society. Known as , these children would work for the lender until their kinsmen had repaid the debts they had incurred. British colonial officials came to view this practice as a form of slavery and eventually outlawed it. This paper considers the life history of one older man who worked as an in a small Ekiti Yoruba town, focusing on his memories of child-pawning and how this practice has been interpreted by his children. The paper then examines the process whereby people's changed thinking about the moral bases of pawning parallels contemporary reassessments of the practice of child-fostering by young parents, some of whom claim that it is ‘like slavery’. How subsequent generations of townspeople remember slavery, child-pawning and, more recently, child-fostering, have implications for reproduction, since what it means to have the number of children who can be ‘raised well’ may contribute to social and economic pressures to limit family size. This study of memories of pawning and child-fostering, which support reduced fertility, underscores the ways that distinctive historical experiences have had different consequences for how reproduction is perceived and practised.

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Factors influencing desired number of children among Ethiopian women: Application of count regression models.

10.21203/rs.2.17780/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Habitu Liyew Molla ◽

Essey Kebede Muluneh

Keyword(s):

Family Size ◽

Women's Education ◽

Regression Models ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Number Of Children ◽

First Marriage ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Age At First Marriage ◽

Desired Family Size

Abstract Background: Desired family size, the number of children wanted in one’s lifetime, is one of the major factors influencing the population dynamics. Knowledge of factors influencing the desired family size is crucial in regulating the population growth. This study assesses the desired family size and its determinants among Ethiopian women. Methods: The study was based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. A total of 13,941 women with complete information were considered in the study. Count regression models, a family of generalized linear models, were used to identify determinant factors for the desired number of children among women in Ethiopia. Results: Results showed that the average number of children per women was 4.5. The highest average was recorded in Somali region (10.58) and the lowest in Addis Ababa city administration (3.56). The random intercept negative binomial regression model was found to be the most appropriate model for the data. Women’s age, household head, contraception using, wealth index, women’s education, religion, marital status, husband’s work, family size and age at first marriage were significantly associated with the desired number of children by women at reproductive age. The study also showed that there was significant regional variation in desired number of children among Ethiopian women. Conclusions: Variables such as women’s age and family size were positively associated with the desired number of children by women at reproductive age while age at first marriage, contraception using, wealth index and women’s education were negatively associated with the desired number of children by women. Women who attained higher level of education preferred small family size compared to women with no formal education. Desire for children was high among mothers from rural areas, women in the poorest economic level and woman having no work. Keywords: Desired number of children, statistical weight, EDHS, Count regression models, multilevel analysis.

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