Survival characteristics of Cercaria chackai (Digenea: Transversotrematidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mohandas ◽  
M.S. Syed Ismail Koya
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
Survival Pattern ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe survival characteristics of Cercaria chackai, the larval form of the curious ectoparasitic digenetic trematode Transversotrema chackai, in sea water, sea water diluted with deionized water in different proportions, deionized water, pond water and tap water were studied. Naturally shed, fresh cercariae had the maximum life span of 20 h 40 min in pond water at salinity 17·8‰, pH 6·45, O2 5·76ml/l and temperature 31·5°C. With increase in salinities beyond 17·8‰, survival time was drastically reduced and beyond 23·58‰,, was restricted to a few minutes. In sea water with a salinity of 38·3‰, the maximum survival time was only 8 min. Below 17·8‰ salinity, although the survival time was less, the difference was not very marked and even in tap water with no salinity, the cercariae lived up to 19 h 50 min. In deionized water the maximum survival time was only 3 h 15 min. Since pond water at pH 6·45 allowed maximum survival time, it is presumed that the cercariae preferred a slightly acidic medium. As temperature was maintained constant and oxygen was available, neither of these two factors, apparently, affected the survival pattern. It is concluded that C. chackai is a typical freshwater form showing considerable tolerance to fluctuations in salinity although the family Transversotrematidae is considered to have a marine origin.

Evaluation of a Reverse Osmosis Apparatus for Field Production of USP Grade Injectable Water from Sea Water, Pond Water, and Human Urine

1980 ◽  
Vol 145 (12) ◽  
pp. 831-835
Author(s):  
Frank DeVenuto ◽  
Ken R. Busse ◽  
Angelo I. Zenga ◽  
Carl C. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
Field Production

scholarly journals Aklimasi siebenrockiella crassicollis yang Akan Dikonservasi di Area ex situ Universitas Bengkulu

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Jabidi Jabidi ◽  
Aceng Ruyani ◽  
Hery Suhartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT[Acclimation of Siebenrockiella crassicollis in Conservation Area Ex Situ at Bengkulu University].  This study aims to determine the effect of pool water composition on the growth rate of S. crassicollis, which will be conservated in ex situ area of Bengkulu University campus. The turtles initially acclimated in the Sumber Belajar Ilmu Hayati (SBIH) Ruyani Bengkulu. The result of this research shows 50% of well water + 50% of pond water has the highest growth rate of S. crassicolis, but the difference of growth rate in each treatment group does not look different significantly. Thus, the pond water in the ex situ area of Bengkulu University can be recommended for use as an Ex situ Conservation site for S. Crassicollis.  Keywords: S. crassicolis; water pond; student work sheet.(Received August 10 , 2018; Accepted January 9, 2019; Published February 27, 2019) ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian komposisi air kolam terhadap laju pertumbuhan S.crassicollis, yang akan di konservasi di area ex situ Universitas Bengkulu. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada Maret 2017  – April 2017, diaklimasi di Sumber Belajar Ilmu Hayati (SBIH) Ruyani Bengkulu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pemberian 50% air sumur + 50% air kolam memiliki tingkat laju pertumbuhan S. crassicolis paling tinggi,namun perbedaan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan pada setiap kelompok perlakuan tidak terlihat berbeda signifikan/tidak berbeda nyata. Sehingga, air kolam di area ex situ Universitas Bengkulu dapat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan sebagai lokasi konservasi Ex situ bagi S. crassicolis.Kata kunci : S. crassicolis; air kolam; lembar kerja siswa.

Development and transmission of Gyrinicola batrachiensis (Walton, 1929) Adamson, 1981 (Pharyngodonidae: Oxyuroidea)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1351-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin L. Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Rana Clamitans ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
Individual Female ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Water Pond

Individual female Gyrinicola batrachiensis from tadpoles produce thin-shelled larvated eggs and thick-shelled eggs containing embryos in an early stage of cleavage. Larvae in thin-shelled eggs hatched soon after deposition and survived for less than 1 h in aged tap water, pond water, or diluted buffer. Results presented herein show that thin-shelled eggs are autoinfective whereas thick-shelled eggs are transmission agents. Thick-shelled eggs isolated from natural infections in Rana clamitans, Rana pipiens, and Bufo americanus were infective to tadpoles of R. clamitans, R. sylvatica, Pseudacris triseriata, and B. americanus but not to transformed anurans. All worms recovered from tadpoles experimentally infected with eggs from natural infections in B. americanus were females and only 15% of worms examined from tadpoles experimentally infected with eggs from natural infections in R. clamitans were males. Development of G. batrachiensis was studied in experimentally infected R. clamitans held at 20 and 25 °C. Development was more rapid at 25 °C and males developed more rapidly than females at both temperatures. Adult males were first observed after 9 days (25 °C) and 16 days (20 °C) and adult females were first observed after 12 days (25 °C) and 19 days (20 °C).

scholarly journals Accurate determination of pesticides, hormones and endocrine disruptor compounds in complex environmental samples using matrix dilution and matrix matching with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1703-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dotse Selali Chormey ◽  
Merve Fırat ◽  
Çağdaş Büyükpınar ◽  
Fatih Erulaş ◽  
Okan Tarık Komesli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

AbstractQuantitative determination of contaminants in environmental samples is usually hampered by low analyte recovery which results from the complex nature of the sample matrix. This study presents the application of a developed dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method for the determination of 12 analytes in environmental samples including sea water, fresh water (lake, well and tap water), brackish water and soil samples. Matrix matched standards were used to compensate for the low analyte recovery recorded by the conventional calibration method. The effect of matrix dilution on analyte recovery was also tested. All matrix matched and matrix diluted spiked recoveries were done concurrently with calibration standards prepared in deionized water. Percent recoveries recorded for the analytes according to deionized water calibration standards ranged between 66 and 137%. Matrix matching and matrix dilution yielded close to 100% recovery results, but the later lowered the detection limit according to the dilution factor.

scholarly journals Aklimasi siebenrockiella crassicollis yang Akan Dikonservasi di Area ex situ Universitas Bengkulu

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Jabidi Jabidi ◽  
Aceng Ruyani ◽  
Hery Suhartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT[Acclimation of Siebenrockiella crassicollis in Conservation Area Ex Situ at Bengkulu University].  This study aims to determine the effect of pool water composition on the growth rate of S. crassicollis, which will be conservated in ex situ area of Bengkulu University campus. The turtles initially acclimated in the Sumber Belajar Ilmu Hayati (SBIH) Ruyani Bengkulu. The result of this research shows 50% of well water + 50% of pond water has the highest growth rate of S. crassicolis, but the difference of growth rate in each treatment group does not look different significantly. Thus, the pond water in the ex situ area of Bengkulu University can be recommended for use as an Ex situ Conservation site for S. Crassicollis.  Keywords: S. crassicolis; water pond; student work sheet.(Received August 10 , 2018; Accepted January 9, 2019; Published February 27, 2019) ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian komposisi air kolam terhadap laju pertumbuhan S.crassicollis, yang akan di konservasi di area ex situ Universitas Bengkulu. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada Maret 2017  – April 2017, diaklimasi di Sumber Belajar Ilmu Hayati (SBIH) Ruyani Bengkulu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pemberian 50% air sumur + 50% air kolam memiliki tingkat laju pertumbuhan S. crassicolis paling tinggi,namun perbedaan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan pada setiap kelompok perlakuan tidak terlihat berbeda signifikan/tidak berbeda nyata. Sehingga, air kolam di area ex situ Universitas Bengkulu dapat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan sebagai lokasi konservasi Ex situ bagi S. crassicolis.Kata kunci : S. crassicolis; air kolam; lembar kerja siswa.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pond Water Chemistry and Its Potability Status at South-West Coastal Region of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-171
Author(s):  
SK Saha ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Krishna Rani Barai
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
Source Rock Evaluation

Dacope Upazilla under Khulna district is one of the most affected safe water scarcity regions like any other part of southwest coastal region of Bangladesh. The demands for drinking and cooking water in the area are mostly met from rainwater harvesting and pond water. Pond water from different stations of Dacope Upazilla was analyzed for assessing the water chemistry, source rock evaluation and its potability status. Thirty one samples were collected by purposive sampling and analyzed following standard methods. The analysis reveals that the cations and anions of the ground water showed the order of abundance as Na+> Mg++>Ca++>K+ and Cl->SO4 -->HCO3 - , respectively. Source rock deduction suggests that the water is mostly carbonate weathering of sea water or brine intrusion. Piper diagram suggests that the water is in saline condition. Ionic ratios also justify the aforesaid relations. The chemical constituent of water is (Na++K+) and (Cl- +HCO3 -) type influenced by sea water, however, ponds are in transition zone influenced by tide. With reference to Bangladesh and WHO standards the research states that most pond water do not satisfy the potable quality, therefore management options need to be formulated for further exploitation. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 159-171, December 2018

Slow Down You’re Moving Too Fast

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Lang ◽  
Nancy Schwartz ◽  
Sharon Mayell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Difference

The study reported here compared how younger and older adults processed the same set of media messages which were selected to vary on two factors, arousing content and valence. Results showed that older and younger adults had similar arousal responses but different patterns of attention and memory. Older adults paid more attention to all messages than did younger adults. However, this attention did not translate into greater memory. Older and younger adults had similar levels of memory for slow-paced messages, but younger adults outperformed older adults significantly as pacing increased, and the difference was larger for arousing compared with calm messages. The differences found are in line with predictions made based on the cognitive-aging literature.

A Maximum Entropy Estimator for the Average Survival Time Differences between Two Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Marian Manciu ◽  
Sorour Hosseini ◽  
Joscelyne Guzman-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Average Survival Time ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Time To Event Data ◽  
Entropy Estimator ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
The Difference

Background: Statistical methods commonly used in survival analysis typically provide the probability that the difference between groups is due to chance, but do not offer a reliable estimate of the average survival time difference between groups (the difference between median survival time is usually reported). Objective: We suggest a Maximum-Entropy estimator for the average Survival Time Difference (MESTD) between groups. Methods: The estimator is based on the extra survival time, which should be added to each member of the group, to produce the maximum entropy of the result (resulting in the groups becoming most similar). The estimator is calculated only from time to event data, does not necessarily assume hazard proportionality and provides the magnitude of the clinical differences between the groups. Results: Monte Carlo simulations show that, even at low sample numbers (much lower than the ones needed to prove that the two groups are statistically different), the MESTD estimator is a reliable predictor of the clinical differences between the groups, and therefore can be used to estimate from (low sample numbers) preliminary data whether or not the large sample number experiment is worth pursuing. Conclusion: By providing a reasonable estimate for the efficacy of a treatment (e.g., for cancer) even for low sample data, it might provide useful insight in testing new methods for treatment (for example, for quick testing of multiple combinations of cancer drugs).

scholarly journals Cohort study of the overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer in a hospital of specialties of Quito-Ecuador in the period 2007–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Moreno Roca ◽  
Luciana Armijos Acurio ◽  
Ruth Jimbo Sotomayor ◽  
Carlos Céspedes Rivadeneira ◽  
Carlos Rosero Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Objectives Pancreatic cancers in most patients in Ecuador are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease, which is associated with lower survival. To determine the characteristics and global survival of pancreatic cancer patients in a social security hospital in Ecuador between 2007 and 2017. Methods A retrospective cohort study and a survival analysis were performed using all the available data in the electronic clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in a Hospital of Specialties of Quito-Ecuador between 2007 and 2017. The included patients were those coded according to the ICD 10 between C25.0 and C25.9. Our univariate analysis calculated frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion. Through the Kaplan-Meier method we estimated the median time of survival and analyzed the difference in survival time among the different categories of our included variables. These differences were shown through the log rank test. Results A total of 357 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between 2007 and 2017 were included in the study. More than two-thirds (69.9%) of the patients were diagnosed in late stages of the disease. The median survival time for all patients was of 4 months (P25: 2, P75: 8). Conclusions The statistically significant difference of survival time between types of treatment is the most relevant finding in this study, when comparing to all other types of treatments.

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