The helminth parasites of the wild rabbitOryctolagus cuniculusand their effect on host condition in Dunas de Mira, Portugal

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Eira ◽  
J. Torres ◽  
J. Miquel ◽  
J. Vingada
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
Kidney Fat Index

AbstractThe present study focuses on the helminth parasite community of the wild rabbit in a sand dune area in Portugal over a 5-year period. The influence of host sex and year on the composition of the helminth community is assessed, along with the potential effect of the detected helminths on host body condition. The basic structure of the helminth community comprisesMosgovoyia ctenoides,Graphidium strigosum,Trichostrongylus retortaeformis,Nematodiroides zembraeandPassalurus ambiguus. Mean intensities ofG. strigosumvaried between years. GeneralG. strigosumintensities were also found to vary according to both year and host sex, but not according to the interaction of both factors. When assessing the effect of helminths on rabbit body condition (expressed by the kidney fat index), higher burdens ofM. ctenoides, a cestode that presents a relatively large body mass, were found to induce a reduction in rabbit condition.

scholarly journals Abundance of helminth parasite in Channa striatus (Bloch, 1793) from Punarbhaba and Atrai rivers

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Sujon Kundu ◽  
Aminul I Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Channa Striatus ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The study was conducted to determine the impact of seasons, host size and sexes on the incidence of helminth community infecting Channa striatus (Bloch, 1793) from Punarbhaba and Atrai rivers of Dinajpur district. Four helminths were identified: one Cestoda, Bothriocephalus cuspidatus (Cooper, 1917); two Nematoda, Ascaridia spp. (Dujardin, 1845) and Camallanus intestinalus (Bashirullah, 1974); one Acanthocephala, Pallisentis ophiocephali (Thapar, 1930). Out of 75 hosts examined 52 were infected by 326 helminth parasites. Nematoda was the most dominant group (48.0%), followed by Acanthocephala (46.67%) and Cestoda (8.0%). The larger hosts were more infected than the smaller ones. A significant positive correlation was observed between the length of the host with respect to the abundance and prevalence of parasite for C. intentinalus and P. ophiocephali. Regarding the effect of seasonal changes, the prevalence of B. cuspidatus (14.81%) and Ascaridia spp. (22.22%) was highest in the rainy season. The highest prevalence of C. intestinalus (73.91%) was observed in winter. The prevalence of P. ophiocephali was high (84.0%) in summer. Except the abundance of B. cuspidatus (p = 0.147) all parasite species, Ascaridia spp. (p = 0.003), C. intestinalus (p < 0.01) and P. ophiocephali (p < 0.01) varied significantly among seasons. Overall prevalence of infection of male and female were 53.8% and 77.6%, respectively. A significant difference in the abundance of the parasite species with respect to host sex was observed only in C. intestinalus (Z = –2.886, p = 0.004).Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(1): 39-46, 2016

scholarly journals Helminth Parasites of Scorpaena brasiliensis and S. plumieri (Perciformes: Scorpaenidae) from reefs of Veracruz, Mexico, Southern Gulf of Mexico

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Montoya-Mendoza ◽  
Sandra Edith Badillo-López ◽  
Isabel Araceli Amaro-Espejo ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Southern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Community Component

Both S. brasiliensis and S. plumieri are relevant species in reef systems, but little is known about their parasitic helminths and community structure. This work describes such community in terms of species richness and diversity. A helminthological study was conducted on 33 specimens of S. brasiliensis and 36 of S. plumieri, captured in the Pájaros and Cabezo Reefs, in the Veracruz Reef System National Park (VRSNP), Ver., Mexico. The helminth community structure was analyzed in both hosts. A total of 10 parasitic species was registered for S. brasiliensis (trematodes, 5; nematodes, 3; cestodes, 1; acanthocephals, 1). S. plumieri hosted 11 species (trematodes, 4; nematodes, 4; monogeneans, 1; cestodes, 1; acanthocephals, 1), with 8 common species. Overall, parasites had prevalences < 20%, as Pseudocapillaria (Icthyocapillaria) sp., with 18.2% and 19.4% in S. brasiliensis and S. plumieri, respectively. Community component richness for S. brasiliensis was S=10, with Shannon index diversity value of H’=2.08. For S. plumieri, such values were of S=11 and H’=1.91. The richness and diversity in the components community and infracommunity of parasitic helminths for both hosts are lower than in other parasite community of marine fish Southern Gulf of Mexico.

scholarly journals Helminth diversity in Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840 (Osteichthyes: Pimelodidae) in two Amazon Rivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 4005-4015
Author(s):  
Pedro Hercílio de Oliveira Cavalcante ◽  
Maralina Torres da Silva ◽  
Aldenice de Nazaré Silva Pereira ◽  
Rosana Gentile ◽  
Cláudia Portes Santos
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Environmental Characteristics

AbstractStructure of the helminth community and analyses of helminth population parameters of Pimelodus blochii collected in the Xapuri River in comparison with those in the Acre River were evaluated. Eight adult helminth species were found parasitizing P. blochii in the Acre River: the nematodes Orientatractis moraveci, Rondonia rondoni, Philometroides acreanensis, Cucullanus (Cucculanus) pinai pinai, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pimelodus, Rhadochona acuminata, and Brasilnema sp., and the trematode Dadaytrema oxycephala. For Xapuri’s fishes, nine helminth species were found: the nematodes O. moraveci, R. rondoni, C. (C.) pinai pinai, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rarus, P. (S.) pimelodus, R. acuminata, Brasilnema sp., and Cystidicolidae gen. sp., and the trematode D. oxycephala. Nematode and Acanthocephala larvae were also reported. Helminth abundance, prevalence, and diversity were influenced by seasonality and locality (river). The helminth parasites from Acre’s fishes formed a subset of the helminth community of the Xapuri’s. The results indicate an influence of the environmental characteristics of the rivers on the helminth community structure and diversity. This is the first study of the parasite community of P. blochii in the Xapuri River. The paretheses of (Spirocamallanus) and (S.) should not be in italics all along the text and tables.

scholarly journals Helminth Parasites of Scorpaena brasiliensis and S. plumieri (Perciformes: Scorpaenidae) from reefs of Veracruz, Mexico, Southern Gulf of Mexico

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Montoya-Mendoza ◽  
Sandra Edith Badillo-López ◽  
Isabel Araceli Amaro-Espejo ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Southern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Community Component

Both S. brasiliensis and S. plumieri are relevant species in reef systems, but little is known about their parasitic helminths and community structure. This work describes such community in terms of species richness and diversity. A helminthological study was conducted on 33 specimens of S. brasiliensis and 36 of S. plumieri, captured in the Pájaros and Cabezo Reefs, in the Veracruz Reef System National Park (VRSNP), Ver., Mexico. The helminth community structure was analyzed in both hosts. A total of 10 parasitic species was registered for S. brasiliensis (trematodes, 5; nematodes, 3; cestodes, 1; acanthocephals, 1). S. plumieri hosted 11 species (trematodes, 4; nematodes, 4; monogeneans, 1; cestodes, 1; acanthocephals, 1), with 8 common species. Overall, parasites had prevalences < 20%, as Pseudocapillaria (Icthyocapillaria) sp., with 18.2% and 19.4% in S. brasiliensis and S. plumieri, respectively. Community component richness for S. brasiliensis was S=10, with Shannon index diversity value of H’=2.08. For S. plumieri, such values were of S=11 and H’=1.91. The richness and diversity in the components community and infracommunity of parasitic helminths for both hosts are lower than in other parasite community of marine fish Southern Gulf of Mexico.

Body condition variation of wild rabbit population in the north-east Mediterranean island of Lemnos — Greece

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios J. Kontsiotis ◽  
Dimitrios E. Bakaloudis ◽  
Apostolos C. Tsiompanoudis ◽  
Panteleimon Xofis
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Rabbit Population ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Mediterranean Island

The ecology of parasites of freshwater fishes: the search for patterns

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1653-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. KENNEDY
Keyword(s):  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Population And Community Dynamics ◽  
Parasite Populations

SUMMARYDevelopments in the study of the ecology of helminth parasites of freshwater fishes over the last half century are reviewed. Most research has of necessity been field based and has involved the search for patterns in population and community dynamics that are repeatable in space and time. Mathematical models predict that under certain conditions host and parasite populations can attain equilibrial levels through operation of regulatory factors. Such factors have been identified in several host-parasite systems and some parasite populations have been shown to persist over long time-periods. However, there is no convincing evidence that fish parasite populations are stable and regulated since in all cases alternative explanations are equally acceptable and it appears that they are non-equilibrial systems. It has proved particularly difficult to detect replicable patterns in parasite communities. Inter-specific competition, evidenced by functional and numerical responses, has been detected in several communities but its occurrence is erratic and its significance unclear. Some studies have failed to find any nested patterns in parasite community structure and richness, whereas others have identified such patterns although they are seldom constant over space and time. Departures from randomness appear to be the exception and then only temporary. It appears that parasite communities are non-equilibrial, stochastic assemblages rather than structured and organized.

scholarly journals The helminth community of a population ofRattus norvegicusfrom an urban Brazilian slum and the threat of zoonotic diseases

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ticiana Carvalho-Pereira ◽  
Fábio N. Souza ◽  
Luana R. N. Santos ◽  
Ruth Walker ◽  
Arsinoê C. Pertile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Eleven Species

AbstractUrban slums provide suitable conditions for infestation by rats, which harbour and shed a wide diversity of zoonotic pathogens including helminths. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with the probability and intensity of infection of helminths of the digestive tract in an urban slum population ofRattus norvegicus. Among 299 rats, eleven species/groups of helminths were identified, of whichStrongyloidessp.,Nippostrongylus brasiliensisand, the human pathogen,Angiostrongylus cantonensiswere the most frequent (97, 41 and 39%, respectively). Sex interactions highlighted behavioural differences between males and females, as eg males were more likely to be infected withN. brasiliensiswhere rat signs were present, and males presented more intense infections ofStrongyloidessp. Moreover, rats in poor body condition had higher intensities ofN. brasiliensis. We describe a high global richness of parasites inR. norvegicus, including five species known to cause disease in humans. Among these,A. cantonensiswas found in high prevalence and it was ubiquitous in the study area – knowledge which is of public health importance. A variety of environmental, demographic and body condition variables were associated with helminth species infection of rats, suggesting a comparable variety of risk factors for humans.

Ecological aspects influencing the helminth community of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus in Dunas de Mira, Portugal

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Eira ◽  
Jordi Torres ◽  
José Vingada ◽  
Jordi Miquel
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Wood Mouse ◽  
Apodemus Sylvaticus ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Heligmosomoides Polygyrus ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Host Sex

AbstractThis paper presents the first extensive data on the helminth community of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus in a coastal sand dune area in Portugal. The 557 hosts analysed in this study were trapped seasonally between autumn 2002 and summer 2005 across 6 habitat types. Twelve helminth species were detected among which, Taenia parva larvae, Angiostrongylus dujardini, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia stroma and S. frederici constitute the component species, accounting for 98.7% of all worms. H. polygyrus was the most prevalent helminth parasite. Species richness varied according to habitat and season. The highest species richness was found in sand dunes during winter whereas the lowest was detected along lake margins also during the winter. Some differences in prevalence and mean intensity values were found in relation to year (T. parva larvae and H. polygyrus), habitat (A. dujardini), season (T. parva larvae, H. polygyrus, A. dujardini and S. stroma) and host sex (T. parva larvae and S. stroma). These differences are discussed both in view of the host’s biology and habitat characteristics.

Intestinal helminth parasites in flounderPlatichthys flesusfrom the River Thames: an infracommunity analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Guillen-Hernandez ◽  
P.J. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Component Community ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Marine Influence ◽  
River Thames

AbstractAn analysis was undertaken of intestinal helminth communities in flounderPlatichthys flesusfrom two sites on the River Thames. A comparison was made between helminth community richness and diversity from these sites at the component and infracommunity levels. At the component community level, a richer and more diverse parasite community was found in flounder from the Tilbury location (marine influence) than that from the Lots Road location (freshwater influence). At the infracommunity level, more parasite species and parasite individuals per host were found at Lots Road and the percentage of similarity values were low at both locations. Helminth species with high prevalence values in the parasite communities of the flounder are the dominant species in any individual fish, harbouring multi-specific infections. The presence of more invertebrate species, which are intermediate hosts in the helminth life cycle in the Thames, fish vagility and the high prevalence and abundance values ofPomphorhynchus laevisin the flounder, may explain the differences between the two locations.

Influence of host weight, sex and reproductive status on helminth parasites of the wild rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Navarra, Spain

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Molina ◽  
J.C. Casanova ◽  
C. Feliu
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reproductive Females

A study was carried out in Navarra (northern Spain) on the influence of the weight, sex and reproductive status (lactant, pregnant or lactant + pregnant females and testicular weight for males) of the wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on two cestodes species: Andrya cuniculi and Mosgovoyia ctenoides and four intestinal nematodes: Graphidium strigosum, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, Nematodiroides zembrae and Dermatoxys hispaniensis. A significantly higher prevalence of A. cuniculi was detected in lactant + pregnant females compared with non-breeding females. Trichostrongylus retortaeformis and N. zembrae showed a significantly higher mean intensity in lactant and lactant + pregnant females than in non-reproductive females. Trichostrongylus retortaeformis presented a higher mean intensity in females than in males, and the mean intensity of the same parasite species was significantly lower in active and inactive males compared with lactant and lactant + pregnant females. There were no significant differences between sexes in the prevalence of helminth parasites. No significant correlation was detected between host weight and the intensity (of infection) of helminths studied. No significant differences in the prevalence and mean intensity of the two cestode species were observed in the three weight categories studied (kittens, juveniles and adults). The prevalence of G. strigosum and mean intensity of T. retortaeformis were significantly higher in older heavier animals than in juveniles.

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