scholarly journals Ultracentrifugal and electrophoretic studies on neonatal calf sera and maternal colostrum

1959 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Johnson ◽  
A. E. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Sedimentation Constant ◽  
Single Boundary

1. Neonatal serum proteins and those of maternal colostrum have been examined in the Spinco analytical ultracentrifuge and the Perkin-Elmer electrophoresis apparatus. To facilitate correlations between the two types of result, certain protein fractions have been prepared electrophoretically and examined in the ultracentrifuge.2. The electrophoretically distinguishable components of precolostral serum, albumin, α and β globulin and traces of γ globulin sedimented mainly as a single boundary which showed evidence of a slower component (probably fetuin) with a sedimentation constant of about 3S. A small proportion of a macroglobulin component (S020 ≅ 16S), associated with the α globulin, was also present. In conformity with the very low γ globulin, there was a complete lack of globulin with S020 ≅ 6·5–7·0S. The β globulin and the bulk of the α globulin sedimented closely with albumin, whose sedimentation constant in an electrophoretically isolated fraction was somewhat lower than normal, probably as a result of α-globulin contamination.3. The electrophoretic and ultracentrifuge analysis of postcolostral calf serum showed evidence of passive absorption from the maternal colostrum of immune lactoglobulin. There was a rise in the concentration of total serum protein of which up to 51·6% was immune lactoglobulin, of sedimentation constant 6–6·5S. No such component occurs in precolostral sera. The electrophoretic and ultracen-trifugal characteristics of this globulin were not significantly altered as the result of absorption. The acquisition of immune lactoglobulin was accompanied by a simultaneous fall in serum albumin concentration.4. Examination of colostrum, rennin-produced colostral whey, and of electrophoretic fractions prepared from colostrum showed the presence of a small proportion of a macroglobulin (S020 ≅ 18S), a well-defined immune lactoglobulin of S020 ≅ 6·4S and electrophoretic properties in the γ-range, and a group of electrophoretically more mobile components with sedimentation constants ranging downwards from 3S.5. Electrophoretically prepared fractions from the serum of a deprived calf 27 days old showed sedimentation properties in conformity with the results on precolostral sera, with the macroglobulin component being again associated with α globulin. The remainder of α and β globulin sedimented alongside albumin and the additional γ-globulin component in a single boundary of S020 ≅ 6·5–7S.6. The concentration of autogenous γ globulin developed by calves which had been deprived of colostrum increased with time and was generally in fair agreement with that of the 6·5–7S component.The authors wish to thank Sir Alan Drury, F.R.S., for his interest and encouragement during the course of this work, Mr N. Buttress, Mr D. Hardman and Miss J. Mallon for technical assistance and Mr J. Clark for assistance in the care and handling of the calves.

Muscle Weight Relationship to Serum Proteins, Hemocytes, and Hepatopancreas in the Lobster, Homarus americanus

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2339-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Stewart ◽  
John W. Cornick ◽  
Diane M. Foley ◽  
M. F. Li ◽  
C. M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Beef Liver ◽  
The Relationship

Total serum protein values, hemocyte numbers, and muscle weights were determined for 216 intermolt lobsters immediately after their capture, and for 230 others held captive under a variety of dietary and environmental conditions. Average muscle values ranged from approximately 13% to the more normal 20–25% of the live animals' weight, depending upon experimental conditions. The total serum protein up to a level of 55 mg/ml was shown to be a reliable indicator of muscle weights, although the relationship was not identical for all lobster groups. It appeared to be modified chiefly by the areas from which the different groups were taken. Diet was more important than the temperatures (5 to 14 C) in affecting changes in muscle and serum protein values. Starvation caused a greater reduction (50 to 70%) in the size of the hepatopancreas than in the muscle. Histological examination of the hepatopancreatic tissue showed that the lipid content was markedly reduced upon starvation and that a degeneration of this organ was apparent for lobsters fed a beef liver and herring diet. Measurement of serum proteins would appear to be a useful technique in experiments on lobster nutrition and have value, within specified limits, for assessing the physiological condition of wild lobsters.

scholarly journals Blood Biochemical of Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in Kano Zoological Garden, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Adelakun K.M. ◽  
Kehinde A.S. ◽  
Laoye O. ◽  
Ihidero A.A. ◽  
Dalha A.
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Nile Crocodile

The potential application of blood reference range for crocodile is a basis that can provide important clinical information about health and physiological condition of the animal. This study investigates serum biochemistry of Nile crocodile from Kano Zoological Garden, Kano, Nigeria. Six (6) adult Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) were captured from crocodile pond in the zoo. Blood was collected from post-occipital sinus of the physically restrain crocodile and used for serum biochemical parameters. The results revealed the Total Serum Protein (TSP) concentration of 9.2g/Ɩ, albumin concentration which is a common plasma protein is 43g/Ɩ while globulin concentration is 54g/Ɩ. Cholesterol concentration measure is registered at 5.2mmol/Ɩ with High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) of 1mmol/Ɩ and 1.35mmol/Ɩ respectively. Creatinine: a breakdown product of creatinine which is an important part of muscle tissue is 44umol/Ɩ. Uric acid which is a primary catabolic end product of protein is 0.18mmol/Ɩ while glucose and triglyceride are 4.94mmol/Ɩ and 2.24mmol/Ɩ respectively while enzymes which include Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration is 6U/Ɩ, Aspartate aminotransferase concentration is 5U/Ɩ while Alkaline Phosphatase is 20U/Ɩ. The biochemical values recorded were compared with available data on farm Nile crocodile. Clearly, nutritional status, age, gender, season, physiology and environment should be considered if clinical pathology is to be employed as a diagnostic tool.

scholarly journals Serum proteinogram of the Campeiro horse

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
A.F. Souza ◽  
J. Schade ◽  
A.F. Ramos ◽  
M.S.M. Albuquerque ◽  
G.V. Fonteque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Reproductive Condition ◽  
Serum Fractions ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Biuret Method

ABSTRACT The aim of this study to measure the fractions of the total serum proteins of the Campeiro horse and identify the influences of biological variants. Blood samples were taken in 138 horses of the breed Campeiro for measuring the concentration of total serum protein by the biuret method. Serum concentrations of protein fractions were measured by electrophoresis using agarose gel. Groups were formed according to age, sex and reproductive condition. The average values of serum fractions: albumin (2.85±0.36g/dl), alpha 1 (0.28±0.11g/dl), alpha 2 (0.26±0.08g/dL) beta 1 (0.57±0.15g/dl), beta 2 (0.89±0.28g/dL), gamaglobulinas (1.86±0.34g/dL), albumin/globulin ratio (0.75±0.18) and 2.5% percentile and 97.5% had slight differences in relation to the reference interval proposed for the species. They observed higher values of alpha 1 and 2 globulins in the group from that had six to eight years old and gammaglobulins in group above 13 years old. Serum protein concentrations were similar in horses and mares and between non-pregnant and pregnant. Sex and pregnancy status did not affect serum proteinogram. Alpha and gammaglobulins have higher values as the age increases. Serum proteinogram of Campeiro horses shows variations that have to be considered in the interpretation of laboratory tests.

Precipitation of serum proteins by the lectin from wheat-germ.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
W E Schreiber ◽  
L Whitta
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Wheat Germ Lectin

Abstract We investigated the composition of the precipitate that forms when wheat-germ lectin derived from Triticum vulgaris is added to serum. A number of serum proteins are precipitated, representing about 2.5% of the total serum protein. This study demonstrates that the interaction of this lectin with the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase is not specific.

Amyloid ‘degrading factor activity': a non-specific calcium-mediated effect

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Scott ◽  
P. Bracken ◽  
P. A. Bacon ◽  
G. Husby
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Al Amyloid

1. The clarification of turbid AA-amyloidfibril-containing agarose gels by serum has been ascribed to degradation of the fibrils and designated as ‘amyloid degrading factor'. In the present study, sera of 32 healthy blood donors and 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis all showed ‘degrading factor activity’ against both AA amyloid fibrils and a non-fibrillar reticulin preparation of normal liver in an agarose plate assay. AL amyloid fibrils were not affected. 2. The ‘degrading activity’ of serum was correlated with the serum albumin concentration, and the effect was also given by purified human and bovine serum albumin, although it was not seen with other serum proteins. 3. The ‘degrading activity’ of serum against AA amyloid and reticulin was significantly correlated: both substrates showed low levels in a chronic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, and reticulin inhibited ‘degrading activity’ against AA amyloid and vice versa. These results suggest the same process involves both substrates. 4. ‘Degrading activity’ was also given by EDTA and a specific calcium chelator, and was inhibited by calcium and magnesium. 5. An enzyme inhibitor showed only partial inhibition of the ‘degrading activity’ of serum, purified albumin, and EDTA. 6. These results suggest that serum ‘degrading factor activity’ is a non-specific calcium-mediated effect against AA amyloid and reticulin preparations dispersed in agarose. It may represent a change in the degree of aggregation of these proteins rather than being an effect of proteolytic degradation. This confirms the conclusions of other workers that amyloid ‘degrading factor activity’ is an phenomenon in vitro of doubtful pathophysiological significance.

Increased serum albumin, γ globulin, immunoglobulin IgG, and IgG2 and IgG4 in autism

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1457-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CROONENBERGHS ◽  
A. WAUTERS ◽  
K. DEVREESE ◽  
R. VERKERK ◽  
S. SCHARPE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Serum Protein Electrophoresis ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Igg Subclass ◽  
Serum Concentrations

Background. Research on the biological pathophysiology of autism has found some evidence that immune alterations may play a role in the pathophysiology of that illness. As a consequence we expected to find that autism is accompanied by abnormalities in the pattern obtained in serum protein electrophoresis and in the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and IgG subclass profile.Method. We examined whether subjects with autism showed changes in total serum protein (TSP) and the serum concentrations of albumin, α1 globulin, α2 globulin, β globulin and γ globulins, IgA, IgM and IgG and the IgG subclasses IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, compared with normal controls.Results. We found significantly increased concentrations of TSP in autistic subjects, which were attributable to increased serum concentrations of albumin and γ globulin. Serum IgG, IgG2 and IgG4 were also significantly raised. In autism there were significant and positive correlations between social problems and TSP and serum γ globulin and between withdrawal symptoms and TSP and serum albumin and IgG.Conclusions. The results suggest that autism is characterized by increased TSP, a unique pattern obtained in serum protein electrophoresis, i.e. increased serum albumin and IgG, and by a specific IgG subclass profile, i.e. increased serum IgG2 and IgG4. The increased serum concentrations of IgGs in autism may point towards an underlying autoimmune disorder and/or an enhanced susceptibility to infections resulting in chronic viral infections, whereas the IgG subclass skewing may reflect different cytokine-dependent influences on autoimmune B cells and their products.

scholarly journals The Toxic Effect of Pb Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser ablation on Some Biochemical Aspects in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (48) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Fiham Jasim Alobaidi ◽  
Abid A. Thaker ◽  
Asmiet Ramizy
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Pure Lead ◽  
Experimental Animals

This work aimed to prepare and study the characteristic feature of lead nanoparticles (PbNPS) and follow its effects on some physiological aspects in rats.PbNPS was prepared by laser ablation of pure lead mass with a pulse of 500 and 100 mJ of energy. The results indicated that the wavelength was approximately 196 and the concentration was reported at 53,8967 mg / L. AFM, as the average diameter has been estimated at 69.93 nm. EFSEM shows the spherical shape of the particle.The experimental animals (rats) were divided into two groups, with seven rats for each one. The first group was a control and the second group was injected with 1 milliliter of PbNPS (53.8673 mg/l) per day for 45 days. Bioaccumulated lead ( in liver, spleen kidney and muscles), total serum proteins, albumin, ALT, AST, ALP and antioxidants (GSH, SOD, CAT, and MDA) were estimated.By comparison to the control, PbNPS exposed animals. There were no significant differences in the bioaccumulated lead. In contrast, there was a significant reduction in total serum protein, albumin, GSH, SOD, CAT. Also, there was an increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP and MDA.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK EKSTRAK KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) TERHADAP SISTEM IMUN TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardiah Mardiah ◽  
Dwi Aryanti Nur’utami ◽  
Arti Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian serbuk ekstrak kelopak bunga rosela terhadap sistem imun tikus Sprague Dawley. Parameter yang diamati adalah leukosit, differensial leukosit, organ limfoid (limpa dan hati), total serum protein dan serum albumin dari darah tikus Sprague Dawley. Hewan uji dibagi atas 4 kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 ekor tikus. Kelompok pertama adalah kelompok normal, kelompok 2 diberikan stimuno forte dosis 1,35 mg/KgBB, kelompok 3 diberikan serbuk ekstrak rosela I dosis 40,5 mg/KgBB, dan kelompok 4 diberikan serbuk ekstrak rosela II dosis 81 mg/KgBB secara sonde selama 28 hari. Pada hari ke-0 dan hari ke-29 dilakukan pengambilan darah. Analisa data menggunakan perhitungan selisih, yang hasilnya dibandingkan dengan nilai normal tikus kondisi sehat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pemberin serbuk ekstrak rosela I dosis 40,5 mg/KgBB KgBB dapat mempertahankan fungsi sistem imun pada tikus Sprague Dawley dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata jumlah neutrofil segmen sebesar 42,2%, total serum protein sebesar 10,99g/dl, bobot limpa relatif sebesar 0,22% dan bobot hati relatif sebesar 3,27% yang masih dalam batas normal hewan coba dalam kondisi sehat sehingga dapat memberikan efek protektif terhadap serangan antigen. Kata kunci :  Serbuk ekstrak,  rosela, sistem imun

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