scholarly journals Effect of treatment in percolating filters on the numbers of bacteria in sewage in relation to the composition and size of filtering medium

1962 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Tomlinson ◽  
J. E. Loveless ◽  
L. G. Sear
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Industrial Research ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Selective Action ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

For a period of a year the total count, Coli-aerogenes count and turbidity were determined on samples of sewage and effluent taken every week from pilot-scale percolating filters treating domestic sewage. The eight filters contained four types of filtering medium in two sizes.Numbers of coliform bacteria in the settled sewage were much higher during the warmer months but the total count showed no regular seasonal variation. Treatment in all the filters reduced the numbers of bacteria in both groups by over 95%. In general the reductions in numbers of bacteria and in numbers of all particles in suspension were proportional to the total area of filtering medium with which the sewage came into contact. The probability of discharging more than 10,000 coli-aerogenes per ml. ranged from 10% in the most efficient to 90 % in the least efficient filter.Experiments in which Serratia indica was added to the influent sewage showed that only 0·4 % were recovered in the settled effluent after 24 hr. Treatment in the filters had little selective action on the different types of coliform bacteria.This paper is published by permission of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.

Treatment of domestic sewage from rural settlements by a membrane bioreactor

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ueda ◽  
K. Hata ◽  
Y. Kikuoka
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Viscosity Increase

This study examined the feasibility of applying a membrane bioreactor to small wastewater treatment using a pilot-scale plant. The operation was continued for 336 days. From the start to 251st day, the operation was continued without membrane washing. During the latter term of the operation, however, suction pressure increased rapidly corresponding to the increase of sludge viscosity. Because sludge viscosity increase occurred right after the suspension of sludge wasting, excess sludge must be wasted at regular intervals in order to keep low sludge viscosity. More than 90 % of organic matter, suspended solids, and coliform bacteria were successfully removed. As far as nitrogen removal was concerned, denitrification was the rate determining step in this system. To enhance denitrification, the following three points should be considered: i) to concentrate inflow of raw sewage at the beginning of anoxic period, ii) to shorten aeration time, and iii) to maintain high MLSS concentration.

scholarly journals Influence of the seasonal variation of environmental conditions on biogas upgrading in an outdoors pilot scale high rate algal pond

2018 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marín ◽  
Esther Posadas ◽  
Patricia Cano ◽  
Víctor Pérez ◽  
Raquel Lebrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Biogas Upgrading

Domestic sewage treatment in a pilot-scale anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (ASBBR)

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Sarti ◽  
Marcelo Loureiro Garcia ◽  
Marcelo Zaiat ◽  
Eugenio Foresti
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor

Microbial community in a pilot-scale bioreactor promoting anaerobic digestion and sulfur-driven denitrification for domestic sewage treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Talarico Saia ◽  
Theo S. O. Souza ◽  
Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte ◽  
Eloisa Pozzi ◽  
Débora Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Domestic Sewage

68. The Occurrence of Coliform Bacteria in Milk

1933 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bacterial Content ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Better Than

1. Of 21,569 samples of mixed cow's milk taken under fair conditions of cleanliness and examined by means of the coliform test, 48·3 per cent, gave negative results with 1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000 c.c. amounts; 21–4 per cent, gave positive results with only 1/10 c.c.; 14·0 per cent, gave positive results with only 1/10 and 1/100 c.c.; and 16·3 per cent, gave positive results with 1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000 c.c. It is probable that these results are better than those generally obtained.2. The proportion of coliform-positive samples was much higher in summer and early autumn than during the winter and spring. This seasonal variation was largely due to atmospheric temperature, there being a well-marked direct correlation between the proportion of coliform-positive samples and the mean of the minimum and maximum atmospheric temperatures.3. Of 21,857 samples examined, 10,458 were coliform negative and had an average bacterial content of 25,294 per c.c; 11,399 were coliform positive and had an average bacterial content of 160,577 per c.c. The coliform-positive samples contained on an average 6·3 times as many bacteria as the coliform negative.

Post-Treatment of Effluents from Anaerobic Reactor Treating Domestic Sewage by Dissolved-Air Flotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Penetra ◽  
M. A. P. Reali ◽  
E. Foresti ◽  
J. R. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

This paper presents the results of a study performed with a lab-scale dissolved-air flotation (LSDAF) unit fed with previously coagulated effluent from a pilot scale up-flow anerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating domestic sewage. Physical operational conditions for coagulation (rapid mix) and flocculation/flotation were maintained constant. Chemical (FeCl3) dosages ranged from 30 to 110 mg.l−1. The effect of pH was also verified in the range of 5.1 to 7.6 for each dosage. Best results were achieved for 65 mg.l−1 of FeCl3 and pH values between 5.3 and 6.1. For these conditions, the removal efficiencies obtained in the LSDAF unit were: between 87% and 91% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), between 95% and 96% for total phosphate (TP), 94% for total suspended solids (TSS), between 96% and 97% for turbidity (TU), between 90% and 93% for apparent color (AC) and more than 96% for sulfide (S). For the UASB-DAF system, global efficiencies would be around 98% for COD, 98% for TP, 98.4% for TSS, 99.3% for TU and 98% for AC. The stripped gases treatment is desirable.

Exfiltration from gravity sewers: a pilot scale study

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vollertsen ◽  
T. Hvitved-Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Leakage Factor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Soils

Pilot-scale experiments were conducted on exfiltration of wastewater from gravity sewers. The effect of storm events, flushing of pipes and alternating infiltration/exfiltration were simulated. Exfiltration through different types of sewer leaks and into different soils were studied. It was found that the exfiltration rate became constant after some days of exfiltration. It stayed constant for the duration of the experiments, which typically spanned over some weeks. The exfiltration was governed by the development of a clogging zone at the sewer leak and could be characterized by a leakage factor. The leakage factor may then be used to estimate the risk of groundwater pollution from a sewer network.

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