Morphological consequences of lateral outfracture of the inferior turbinate

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
B C Hanna ◽  
N Bailie ◽  
G Gallagher ◽  
J Cole
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Appreciable Reduction

AbstractObjective:We report three cases of lateral outfracture of the inferior turbinate, which demonstrate a range of changes in the size, position and shape of the inferior turbinate.Method:During a study of the validity of computer modelling of nasal airflow, computed tomography scans of the noses of patients who had undergone lateral outfracture of the inferior turbinate were collected. The pre-operative scan was compared with the post-operative scan six weeks later.Results:In one patient, there was only a small lateral displacement of the inferior turbinate. In the other two cases, appreciable reduction in the volume of one inferior turbinate was noted, in addition to minor changes in the shape.Conclusion:Lateral outfracture of the inferior turbinate produces varied and inconsistent changes in morphology which may affect the shape, size and position of the turbinate.

scholarly journals Gutter Characteristics and Stent Compression of Self-Expanding vs Balloon-Expandable Chimney Grafts in Juxtarenal Aneurysm Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-461
Author(s):  
Jorn P. Meekel ◽  
Theodorus G. van Schaik ◽  
Rutger J. Lely ◽  
Gerie Groot ◽  
Bram B. van der Meijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Juxtarenal Aneurysm ◽  
Chimney Graft

Purpose: To assess in silicone juxtarenal aneurysm models the gutter characteristics and compression of different types of chimney graft (CG) configurations. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven combinations of Excluder C3 or Conformable Excluder stent-grafts (23, 26, and 28.5 mm) were deployed in 2 silicone juxtarenal aneurysm models with 3 types of CGs: Viabahn self-expanding (VSE; 6 and 13 mm) or Viabahn balloon-expandable (VBX; 6, 10, and 12 mm) stent-grafts and Advanta V12 balloon-expandable stent-grafts (ABX; 6 and 12 mm). Setups were divided into 4 groups on the basis of increasing CG and main graft (MG) diameters. Two independent observers assessed gutter size and type as well as CG compression on computed tomography scans using postprocessing software. Results: In the smaller diameter combinations (6-mm CG and 23-, 26-, and 28.5-mm MGs), both VSE (p=0.006 to 0.050) and ABX (p=0.045 to 0.050) showed lower gutter areas and volumes compared with VBX. In turn, the VBX showed a nonsignificant tendency to decreased compression, especially compared to ABX. Use of the Excluder C3 showed a 6-fold increase in type A1 gutters (related to type Ia endoleak) as compared to the Conformable Excluder (p=0.018). Balloon-expandable stent-grafts (both ABX and VBX) showed a 3-fold increase in type A1 gutters in comparison with self-expanding stent-grafts (p=0.008). Conclusion: The current study suggests that use of the Conformable Excluder in combination with VSE chimney grafts is superior to the other tested CG/MG combinations in terms of gutter size, gutter type, and CG compression.

Septopalatal Protraction for Correction of Nasal Septal Deformity in Cleft Palate Infants

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey C. Moore ◽  
Ian MacDonald ◽  
Ralph Latham ◽  
Michael G. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Nasal Septal Deviation ◽  
Paired Student ◽  
Angle Deviation ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

OBJECTIVE: It is proposed to test the practicality of septopalatal protraction in the unilateral cleft palate infant for purposes of straightening the nasal septum and thus relieving nasal airflow obstruction and its detrimental sequelae. METHODS: Alternate infants affected with complete unilateral palatal clefts had septopalatal protraction for a period of 6 to 8 weeks (protraction group; n = 4). Septal deviation was measured by a standardized technique that used computed tomography scans. The remaining infants had no protraction and served as controls (nonprotraction group; n = 5). Septal deviation was measured in the nonprotraction group from palatoseptal dental molds. RESULTS: A total of 9 patients were studied. All patients in the nonprotraction group had worsening of nasal septal deviation over a period of 8 weeks compared with the protraction group, which had complete nasal septal straightening. Differences in septal angle deviation between the protraction group and nonprotraction group at the end of the study were statistically significant ( P ≤ 0.01) as measured by the paired Student t test. CONCLUSIONS: Septopalatal protraction in the newborn appears to provide a means for correcting nasal septal deviation in complete unilateral cleft palate infants. Septopalatal protraction in the newborn is relatively easy and safe. EBM RATING: B-2

scholarly journals The five digits of the giraffe metatarsal

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-705
Author(s):  
Laurel R Yohe ◽  
Nikos Solounias
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
The Other ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Internal Morphology ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Common ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract Evolution has shaped the limbs of hoofed animals in specific ways. In artiodactyls, it is the common assumption that the metatarsal is composed of the fusion of digits III and IV, whereas the other three digits have been lost or are highly reduced. However, evidence from the fossil record and internal morphology of the metatarsal challenges these assumptions. Furthermore, only a few taxonomic groups have been analysed. In giraffes, we discovered that all five digits are present in the adult metatarsal and are highly fused and modified rather than lost. We examined high-resolution micro-computed tomography scans of the metatarsals of two mid and late Miocene giraffid fossils and the extant giraffe and okapi. In all the Giraffidae analysed, we found a combination of four morphologies: (1) four articular facets; (2) four or, in most cases, five separate medullary cavities internally; (3) a clear, small digit I; and (4) in the two fossil taxa of unknown genus, the presence of external elongated grooves where the fusions of digits II and V have taken place. Giraffa and Okapia, the extant Giraffidae, show a difference from all the extinct taxa in having more flattened digits tightly packed together, suggesting convergent highly fused digits despite divergent ecologies and locomotion. These discoveries provide evidence that enhances our understanding of how bones fuse and call into question current hypotheses of digit loss.

Sphenopalatine foramen: endoscopic approach with bony landmarks

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (S3) ◽  
pp. S47-S52 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Nalavenkata ◽  
C Meller ◽  
D Novakovic ◽  
M Forer ◽  
N P Patel
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Helical Computed Tomography ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
Sphenopalatine Foramen ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjective:To establish whether nasal bony landmarks on computed tomography could be utilised reliably in endoscopic approaches to the sphenopalatine foramen.Methods:A prospective analysis of 102 consecutive helical computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses was carried out by 2 senior ENT surgeons. Distances from the sphenopalatine foramen to endoscopically palpable bony landmarks were measured.Results:There were a total of 102 patients (45 females and 57 males), with a mean age of 62 years. The mean distance from the posterior fontanelle to the sphenopalatine foramen was 14.1 mm (standard deviation = 2.13). The average vertical distance of the sphenopalatine foramen opening from the bony attachment of the inferior turbinate was 14.13 mm. There were no statistically significant differences between any of these measurements (foramen widthp-value = 0.714, distance from fontanellep-value = 0.43 and distance from inferior turbinatep-value = 0.48).Conclusion:Determination of reliable bony landmarks is clinically useful in endoscopic surgery and can aid identification of the sphenopalatine foramen. The inferior turbinate concha and posterior fontanelle may be used as reliable computed tomography landmarks for endoscopic approaches to the sphenopalatine foramen.

scholarly journals Deep Learning Applied to Intracranial Hemorrhage Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cortes-Ferre ◽  
Miguel Angel Gutiérrez-Naranjo ◽  
Juan José Egea-Guerrero ◽  
Marcin Balcerzyk
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Urgent Procedure

Intracranial hemorrhage is a serious health problem requiring rapid and often intensive medical care. Identifying the location and type of any hemorrhage present is a critical step in treating the patient. Diagnosis requires an urgent procedure and the detection of the hemorrhage is a hard and time-consuming process for human experts. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on Deep Learning techniques which can be useful as decision support system. Our proposal is two-folded. On the one hand, the proposed technique classifies slices of computed tomography scans for hemorrhage existence or not, achieving 92.7% accuracy and 0.978 ROC-AUC. On the other hand, our method provides visual explanation to the chosen classification by using the so-called Grad-CAM method. TRANSLATE with x English ArabicHebrewPolish BulgarianHindiPortuguese CatalanHmong DawRomanian Chinese SimplifiedHungarianRussian Chinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovak CzechItalianSlovenian DanishJapaneseSpanish DutchKlingonSwedish EnglishKoreanThai EstonianLatvianTurkish FinnishLithuanianUkrainian FrenchMalayUrdu GermanMalteseVietnamese GreekNorwegianWelsh Haitian CreolePersian TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back TRANSLATE with x English ArabicHebrewPolish BulgarianHindiPortuguese CatalanHmong DawRomanian Chinese SimplifiedHungarianRussian Chinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovak CzechItalianSlovenian DanishJapaneseSpanish DutchKlingonSwedish EnglishKoreanThai EstonianLatvianTurkish FinnishLithuanianUkrainian FrenchMalayUrdu GermanMalteseVietnamese GreekNorwegianWelsh Haitian CreolePersian TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back

In vivo length changes of wrist ligaments at full wrist extension

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tan ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
J. B. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Wrist Extension ◽  
Radial Deviation ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Carpal Ligaments

The aim of this study was to investigate the length changes of carpal ligaments when loaded in full extension in vivo. We obtained computed tomography scans of the right wrists in three positions for six volunteers: neutral; 75° extension; and 75° extension with a further 10° of radial deviation. Nine ligaments were measured and analysed with computer modelling. The results showed that the radioscaphocapitate, long radiolunate, and ulnolunate ligaments lengthened the most at full wrist extension, suggesting that they were under greatest load. The radioscapholunate, ulnocapitate, and ulnotriquetral ligaments lengthened further with the addition of wrist radial deviation. At full extension, the dorsal intercarpal ligament inserting on the scaphoid was lengthened. The dorsal radiocarpal and dorsal intercarpal ligaments inserting on the trapezoid were shortened, suggesting reduced loading. In conclusion, a number of volar carpal ligaments lengthened significantly in full wrist extension and the ulnar carpal ligaments were further lengthened at wrist radial deviation.

scholarly journals Deep Learning based Staging of Bone Lesions from Computed Tomography Scans (January 2021)

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Samira Masoudi ◽  
Sherif Mehralivand ◽  
Stephanie A. Harmon ◽  
Nathan Lay ◽  
Liza Lindenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

Correlation between tympanometry volume and three-dimensional computed tomography mastoid volumetry in tympanoplasty candidates

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
L Epprecht ◽  
L Qingsong ◽  
N Stenz ◽  
S Hashimi ◽  
T Linder
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Air Cells ◽  
Mastoid Air Cells

Abstract Objective Ventilation of the middle ear and mastoid air cells is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic ear disease. Traditionally, ventilation is assessed by computed tomography. However, this exposes patients to cumulative radiation injury. In cases with a perforation in the tympanic membrane, tympanometry potentially presents a non-invasive alternative to measure the ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume. This study hypothesised that total tympanometry volume correlates with ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume. Method Total tympanometry volume was compared with ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume on computed tomography scans in 20 tympanic membrane perforations. Results There was a high correlation between tympanometry and computed tomography volumes (r = 0.78; p < 0.001). A tympanometry volume more than 2 ml predicted good ventilation on computed tomography. Conclusion These results may help reduce the need for pre-operative computed tomography in uncomplicated cases with tympanic membrane perforations.

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