Microstructure and phonon behavior in W/Si periodic multilayer structures

The crystallinity of the tungsten (W) phase was improved with an increase in the thickness of this layer in the periodic W/Si multilayer structure. Both the α- and β- W phases were grown simultaneously and the contribution of these phases has modified upon a change in the thickness of the W layers. For thinner W layers, the thermodynamically metastable β- W phase was dominated, and with an increase in thickness, this phase has suppressed, and the stable α- W phase became prominent. The crystallite size of these phases was almost linearly proportional to the thickness of the W layers in the multilayers. With the increase in thickness of Si layers in multilayers, Raman scattering showed a decrease in bond-angle deviation of Si-Si bonding in the amorphous Si phase. The study revealed, ordering of Si-Si bonding in the amorphous phase of Si with an increase in thickness of these layers in periodic W/Si multilayers.

Rompi Penyedia Informasi bagi Penyandang Tunanetra Menggunakan Multisensor HC-SR04

Various electronic travel aids for people having visual impairment have been developed based on ultrasonic object detection employing the HC-SR04 ultrasonic proximity sensor. However, most of them do not consider blind spots where harmful objects cannot be detected. This study discusses the development of a vest that can detect objects in front of the blinds more widely and provide sound alert if an object in front is detected. This detector was developed based on an Arduino Uno equipped with five HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors, and a mini DFPlayer module. In addition, blind area analysis of sensor detection is carried out to overcome objects that are not detected by similar studies. Horizontally, this travel vest sweeps objects up to 150 cm in distance with a 25o right or left angle deviation from forward direction. Vertically, object detection reaches up to 150 cm in distance with both upward and downward deviation of 30o from the vest.

Value of Cement Bond Logs for Evaluation and Improvement of Cementing Practices in Extended Reach Drilling ERD Wells

This paper discusses the value of cement logs as the core input to analyze the cement quality and validate the improvements made to cementing designs and practices of the intermediate casing string in Extended-Reach Drilling (ERD) wells. The ERD wells are being drilled from artificial islands in a field offshore in the UAE. The primary cementing objectives are isolating the reservoirs from their sublayers and protecting the casing against possible future corrosion across an upper formation. Cementing challenges include higher angle deviation, higher mud weight requirements resulting from an anisotropic, unstable shale formation present above the reservoir section. Effective reservoir management requires sound zonal isolation to eliminate crossflow between different reservoir units. In combination with standard cement bond logs (CBL), ultrasonic technology has provided detailed information about cement quality and a qualitative indication of casing position in the borehole. These have also led to valuable insight into how continued cementing designs and practices improved zonal isolation. Improvements in cement quality seen as a result of enhanced casing centralization, optimized hydraulic model, modified cement rheology, displacement rate impact, among others, were confirmed with the cement log evaluation program. The paper will present the ultrasonic and standard CBL responses, which support the enhancements made to the cementing design and practices that yield the desired results. The cement quality has been improved in the ERD wells intermediate section through strategic modification in cementing practices. Cement evaluation logs have played a significant role in validating the cementing methods’ development. Consistently improved zonal isolation results have opened up the opportunity for future efficiency gains by eliminating routine CBL.

The research development of the structure in a-Fe Microcrystals with the Orientation deformed by compression with different values of the friction coefficient

The paper analyzes the change in the dislocation structure in a-Fe microcrystals with orientations <100> and <110> deformed by compression under conditions of limited flow with different values of the friction coefficient. The orientation stability of the microcrystal and texture is investigated when the compression axis deviates from the normal to the compression plane. Shooting and analysis of limited pole figures made it possible to establish that the operation of the OSS in the MC with the [100](001) orientation at different values of the friction coefficient at the sample-punch interface leads to a rotation of the latticework relatively to the MC axis. The specific conditions of plastic deformation under compression determined by the MC morphology prohibit displacement deyz., as the deformation is observed under conditions of limited flow. The operation of the OSS, consequently, leads to the MC partition with the [100] (001) orientation deformed by compression with the friction coefficient Kmax into parts and the rotation of the latticework around the growth axis. It is established the connection between the friction coefficient at the crystal-punch interface and the sliding geometry in a-Fe MCs deformed by compression under conditions of limited flow. The authors carried out the dimension of the friction ratio has a significant effect on the slip geometry and the dislocation structure formed in the MC of the [100] orientation deformed by compression along the (001) plane. Changes in the friction coefficient and the angle deviation of the compression axis from the normal to the compression plane in the MC with the [100] (001) orientation do not affect the slip geometry and the dislocation structure formed during plastic deformation.

Abnormal Data Detection of Guidance Angle Based On SMP-SVDD For Seeker

The accuracy of the pitch angle deviation directly affects the guidance accuracy of the laser seeker. During the guidance process, the abnormal pitch angle deviation data will be produced when the seeker is affected by interference sources. In this paper, aiming to detect abnormal data in seeker pitch angle deviation data, a method based on Smooth Multi-Kernel Polarization Support Vector Data Description (SMP-SVDD) is proposed to detect abnormal data in guidance angle data. On the one hand, the polarization value is used to determine the weight of the multi-kernel combination coefficient to obtain the multi-kernel polarization function, and the particle swarm optimization is used to find the optimal kernel, which improves the detection accuracy. On the other hand, the constrained quadratic programming problem is smooth and differentiable, and the conjugate gradient method can be applied to reduce the complexity of problem solving. Through simulation experiments, it is verified that the SMP-SVDD method has higher detection accuracy and faster calculation speed compared with different detection methods in different guidance stages.

ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ARDITA (BELL’S PALSY) – A CASE REPORT

Ardita is considered as one amongst the vata nanatmaj vyadhis described in Ayurvedic classics. Ardita is a condition caused due to the unusual functioning of vata dosha which results in loss of functioning of one half of the face. It can be correlated with Bell's Palsy from modern perspective. This disease proves to be disturbing from a functional and cosmetic point of view. A 27year old male patient came to OPD with a chief complaint of difficulty in closing right eye, angle deviation of the mouth towards left, difficulty while eating, unable to whistle as well as puffing of cheeks, drooling of saliva, etc. from 20 days. History and examination lead to the diagnosis of Bell's Palsy. Consid- ering the signs and symptoms, the patient was treated as per the ayurvedic line of treatment for Ardita. The patient was admitted and ayurvedic treatment (Panchakarma + Oral medications) i.e. Nasya, Pindasweda, Kukkutanda sweda, Akshitarpan was given for 21days. The patient had great relief with marked improvement in the above said symptoms. Thus, Ayurveda is fruitful in treating patients with Ardita. Keywords: Ardita, Nasya, Pindasweda, Kukkutanda sweda, Akshitarpan

Accuracy of digital impressions versus conventional impressions for 2 implants: an in vitro study evaluating the effect of implant angulation

Background Accurate implant impression is an essential requirement for the fabrication of implant prosthesis. This in vitro study evaluated the accuracy of digital impressions by intraoral scanner (IOS) systems in comparison to conventional impressions for recording the position of 2 parallel implants and 2 divergent implants. Materials and methods In vitro 3-unit prosthesis master models with 2 tissue level implants were fabricated; one model had parallel implants, and the other model had one 15° tilted implant. The conventional open-tray impressions were obtained with non-splinted (NSP) and splinted (SP) impression copings. Trios 4 (TS), Medit i500 (MT), and True Definition (TD) were used to make digital impressions with scan bodies. A total of 10 impressions were obtained with every technique. The virtual test images of the conventional and digital impressions were converted to 2 virtual implant images. For each group, trueness, precision, inter-implant distance deviation, and angle deviation were measured. Results There was a general tendency for digital impressions to provide a more accurate outcome for trueness, precision, and angle deviation. The 2 conventional impressions showed similar accuracy, except for the angle deviation, where the NSP was significantly inferior than SP (p < 0.01) for the divergent implants model. The TD was generally the least accurate among all the IOS systems, especially for the inter-implant distance deviation (p < 0.05). Conclusions Within the limitations of the laboratory set-up of the present study and the limited clinical resemblance, the digital impressions appeared to have sufficient accuracy for 2 implants and were least affected by the presence of angle between implants. The most inferior outcome was observed for the NSP technique.

IDENTIFICATION OF CURVATURE RADIUS FOR CURVED SECTIONS ON FOREST ROADS IN THE PROCESS OF UTILISATION

This article reviews the problem of measuring the actual radius of curvature for curved sections of existing forest roads, as forestry enterprises require reliable technical information about the current conditions of operated transport networks. It was identified that at this moment, a selection of methods are used for measuring the radii of horizontal curved sections of roads, which have certain advantages and disadvantages in specific natural production conditions. For calculating the radius of curvature for auto forest road projects it is recommended to apply the method of measured angles by chord angle deviation, which is sufficiently accurate for engineering purposes and does not require usage of special high-precision equipment and tools.