Neither obedient nor resistant: state history as cultural resource in post-genocide Rwanda

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Eramian
Keyword(s):  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
National History ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
State History ◽  
Official History ◽  
Resistant State

ABSTRACTFollowing the 1994 genocide, scholars have criticised the Rwandan government's official account of national history and its restrictions on competing historical narratives. But what might Rwandans be doing with that state narrativebesidesconforming to it out of fear of reprisal? I argue that to understand what sustains official narratives we must grasp not only their coercive aspects, but also how social actors put them to work for different reasons. I offer four possible forms of agency in which Rwandans engage when they reproduce official history to show how – while forcibly imposed – government narratives are nonetheless cultural resources that people can turn to personal and collective visions, projects and desires. The article aims to develop a more robust understanding of how people respond to imposed narratives of nationhood and history, since it is important to attend not only to resistance, but also conformity to them.

scholarly journals No Limits of Acceptable Change: A Proposed Research Framework for Informing Visitor Use Management in the Context of Cultural Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Zachary D. Miller ◽  
Wayne Freimund ◽  
Stefani A. Crabtree ◽  
Ethan P. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Limits Of Acceptable Change ◽  
The Us ◽  
Visitor Use ◽  
Material Evidence

Cultural resources are commonly defined as resources that provide material evidence of past human activities. These resources are unique, as they are both finite and non-renewable. This provides a challenge for traditional visitor use management since these resources have no limits of acceptable change. However, with nearly every national park in the US containing cultural resources, coupled with ever-growing visitation, it is essential that managers of parks and protected areas have the ability to make science-informed decisions about cultural resources in the context of visitor use management. We propose a framework that can help provide context and exploration for these challenges. Drawing on previous literature, this framework includes risk-based approaches to decision making about visitor use; visitor cognitions related to cultural resources; emotions, mood, and affect related to cultural resource experiences; creating and evaluating interpretive programs; deviant visitor behaviors related to cultural resources; and co-management.

scholarly journals Book Reviews: Tribal Cultural Resource Management: The Full Circle to Stewardship

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Cast
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Cultural Resource Management ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Full Circle ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Tribal Governments ◽  
The Right

With only ten chapters, Tribal Cultural Resource Management provides model strategies of what it takes to properly “manage” cultural resources. Although it is geared toward tribal governments and creating the right combination of preservation and protection of their culture, don’t let the title fool you, this book is for any person who has a responsibility as a land manager. Those currently involved in Cultural Resource Management (CRM) work should give this book a close read. Off hand, I can think of several federal agencies, especially those operating without Cultural Resource Management Plans, who could truly benefit from following the practical strategies outlined in this readable and informal book.

Religion as Cultural Resource

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-170
Author(s):  
Michael D. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Historic Preservation ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Tribal Governments ◽  
Preservation Law ◽  
Traditional Cultural Properties ◽  
National Historic Preservation Act ◽  
Sacred Lands

This chapter explores what results when Native peoples articulate religious claims in the language of culture and cultural resources under environmental and historic preservation law. It argues that cultural resource laws have become more fruitful in two respects. First, there is more emphatic insistence on government-to-government consultation between federal agencies and tribes. Second, in 1990, National Historic Preservation Act regulations were clarified by designating “Traditional Cultural Properties” as eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places and in 1992, that law was amended to formally engage tribal governments in the review process. In light of these developments, protection under the categories of culture and cultural resource have proved more capacious for distinctive Native practices and beliefs about sacred lands, but it has come at the expense of the clearer edge of religious freedom protections, while still being haunted, and arguably bedraggled, by the category of religion from which these categories ostensibly have been formally disentangled.

Moral Thresholds of Outrage

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo D’Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
State Violence ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Moral Outrage ◽  
National History ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Large Audience ◽  
Emotional Identification

This article analyses the social construction of moral outrage, interpreting it as both an extemporaneous feeling and an enduring process, objectified in narratives and rituals and permeating public spaces as well as the intimate sphere of social actors’ lives. Based on ethnography carried out in Istanbul, this contribution focuses on the assassination of the Turkish Armenian journalist Hrant Dink in 2007. This provoked a moral shock and led to an annual commemoration in which thousands of people—distant in political, religious, ethnic positions—gather around a shared feeling of outrage. The article retraces the narratives of innocence and the moral frames that make Dink’s public figure different from other victims of state violence, thus enabling a moral and emotional identification of a large audience. Outrage over Dink’s murder has become a creative, mobilizing force that fosters new relationships between national history and subjectivity, and de-reifies essentialized social boundaries and identity claims.

Dialogic representations of Britishness and Irishness

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Ajtony
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Careful Choice ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Constructionist Approach

Speakers construct their identities by careful choice of the appropriate linguistic features that will convey the specific social information that identifies them as part of a particular speech community (cf. Riley 2007, Joseph 2004). The social constructionist approach focuses on how social actors use linguistic and other cultural resources in the ongoing construction and re-construction of personal and group identity in interaction. Under such a view, identity (and hence ethnicity) is necessarily dynamic (Schilling-Estes 2004). Recent research on fictional characters and scripted discourse has proved the legitimacy of this scholarly area among language studies (Kozloff 2000, Culpeper 2001, Walshe 2009, Eder et al. 2010, Dynel 2011, Furkó 2013). This paper investigates several possibilities for the dialogic construction of the British and Irish ethnic stereotype. Drawing the distinction between real and fictional characters (Culpeper 2010), the micro-sociolinguistic, pragmalinguistic analysis of my corpora, taken from contemporary cinematographic representations of Britishness and Irishness, aims to compare some of the strategies that interactional partners employ, and which reveal several facets of their identities.

scholarly journals Understanding Comparative Beliefs Visualized: Pedagogy and the Power of GIS in the Contextualizing of Historical Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dean Karalekas
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Cultural Resource Management ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Geographical Data ◽  
Multicultural Identity ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
The Subject

<p class="Default"><em>This paper will provide an overview of the historical influences that are the subject of the time-mapping visualization of Taiwan, primarily from the perspective of how those influences affected the island’s original inhabitants. This narrative accompanies a description of the mapping project itself—part of the Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative based at UC Berkeley—including details related to the source of historical/geographical data and the digitization of that data for dynamic representation. This project is centred on the cultural resources and experience of Taiwan, which today faces issues of aboriginal language extinction, identification and access to cultural resources, the teaching of history in public education, and adapting to a multicultural identity, all of which are components of cultural resource management (CRM), and all of which would be served well by the CRM technology and programs of which this project can be considered a pilot project. </em></p>

scholarly journals Cultural Resources Monitoring/Survey of a JTF-6 Action, Van Horn, Texas Sector

1992 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Border Patrol ◽  
Army Corps Of Engineers ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
The Road ◽  
Joint Task ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
The U.S

This report presents the results of cultural resources monitoring and survey activities connected with a Department of Defense (DOD) Joint Task Force Six (JTF-6) project in southern Hudspeth and Culberson, western Jeff Davis, and northern Presidio Counties, Texas. These cultural resource activities were prompted by road improvement activities initiated by the U.S. Border Patrol. The road improvement activities were designed to aid the U.S. Border Patrol in their battle against illegal drug trade and smuggling operations along the U.S.-Mexico border. Geo-Marine, Inc. conducted the survey as part of an indefinite delivery contract with the Fort Worth District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The survey and monitoring were tailored to focus only on those areas to be disturbed by road repair activities and to identify cultural resource sites which were to be avoided during such activities.

scholarly journals Life Story of Helge Fossmo, Former Pastor of Knutby Filadelfia, as Told in Prison

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Frisk ◽  
Susan Jean Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Social Resource ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

In January 2004 the religious community of Knutby Filadelfia gained notoriety in Sweden after a young woman was shot dead and a young man seriously wounded. One of the pastors, Helge Fossmo, the husband of the murdered woman, was later found guilty of incitement or conspiracy to murder and was sentenced to life in prison. The actual perpetuator was, however, one of his mistresses, who was committed to psychiatric care. The case became subject to extraordinary media attention, with focus on the congregation’s charismatic head pastor, Åsa Waldau, and the innovative teachings of the group. This article is based on a narrative analysis of an interview in prison with the former pastor Helge Fossmo, as a step towards understanding the psychological, social and ideological forces that may have contributed to the violence in the Knutby case. Narratives are culturally framed and draw on cultural resources, are socially constructed, and become consolidated by repetition. The narrative of Fossmo draws upon the cultural resource of the “evil cult narrative,” as well as the social resource of his therapist, whose perspective is strikingly similar to the one Fossmo presents.

Cultural Resource Management

Anthropology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick H. Garrow
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Resource Management ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Resource

Cultural resource management, normally referred to as “CRM,” may be defined as cultural heritage management within a framework of federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and guidelines. Cultural heritage, in terms of cultural resource management, may be defined as those places, objects, structures, buildings, and evidence of past material culture and life that are important to understanding, appreciating, or preserving the past. CRM is similar to heritage programs in other countries, but the term and practice of CRM as defined here is unique to the United States. America’s concern with cultural resources was reflected early in the 20th century with passage of the American Antiquities Act of 1906, which authorized the president to establish national monuments of federally owned or controlled properties, and for the secretaries of the Interior, Agriculture, and the Army to issue permits for investigations of archaeological sites and objects on lands they controlled. The National Park Service was created in 1916 and assumed responsibility for cultural resources associated with national parks and monuments. Archaeology played a prominent role in the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and other relief programs during the Great Depression, and large-scale investigations that employed thousands were conducted across the country. Cultural resource management, as it is currently practiced, was a product of the environmental movement of the 1960s, when federal cultural resources were given the same level of protection as elements of the natural environment, such as wetlands and protected plant and animal species. Cultural resource management deals with a range of resource types, and the breadth of the field will be reflected in the discussions that follow.

The Anchor on a Long Chain: The National Park Service Act of 1916 Related to Historical and Cultural Resources

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Jerry L. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Leadership Responsibilities ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Park Service ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Long Chain

The National Park Service Act of 1916, often dangerously considered alone, is only one link, although a fundamental one, in a chain of authorities that acknowledge and preserve historical and cultural resources everywhere in the United States. By fully exercising its cultural resource leadership responsibilities and expanding them to natural resources, the National Park Service can help to make the second century of the service amount to a “Century of the Environment.”

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