scholarly journals Tunny Investigations made in the North Sea on Col. E. T. Peel's Yacht, “St. George,” Summer, 1933. Part I. Biometric Data

1934 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Body Proportions ◽  
The South ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Sea Fish ◽  
Made In

1. Details are given of the types of hooks lost in tunny in the North Sea in the summer of 1933.2. Data are given on the measurements made on thirty-two large migrating fish caught in the North Sea in August and September, 1933.3. In certain body proportions the tunny measured differ from those in the G4 Group (200 to 260 cm. in length) given by Heldt for fish from Tunis and by Frade for fish from Algarve on the south coast of Portugal, while in some characters they resemble the Tunis fish and in others the Algarve fish, but all the North Sea fish were between 232 and 271 cm. in length.4. It was found that there was a tendency for fish with short second dorsal fins to have short first dorsal, anal, and caudal fins, and for those with long second dorsals to have these other three fins long.5. Measurements were made to supply data on the condition of the fish.

Cold Induced Abnormal Catches of Sole

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Horwood ◽  
R.S. Millner
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
The South ◽  
Total Allowable Catch ◽  
The North ◽  
Solea Solea ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

Large catches of sole (Solea solea) were made in early 1996 from the south-western North Sea. Sole suffer physiological damage in waters below 3–4 C. In February 1996 cold water of 3–4 C unusually extended from the Continental coast onto the Dogger Bank. It is likely that the increased catches were due to the consequential distribution and behaviour of the sole, making them more susceptible to capture.Exceptionally large catches of mature sole (Solea solea (L.)) were made in February 1996 by Lowestoft fishermen from the south-western North Sea. Surprisingly this was not welcome. The UK allocation of the North Sea sole is -4 % of the EU Total Allowable Catch (TAC), and fishermen are restricted nationally, and by the fishing companies, to a tightly managed ration. The Lowestoft Journal (8 March 1996) reported the suspension of a local fishing skipper for not throwing back 5000 kg of sole caught in the Silver Pits. We will show that the abnormal catches were due to exceptionally cold waters.Sole in the North Sea are at the northern extremity of their range, with sole seldom living in waters below 5°C (Horwood, 1993). In fact, North Sea sole were successfully introduced into Lake Quarun, Egypt, where they lived in temperatures in excess of 30°C (El-Zarka, 1965). Young sole migrate from their shallow inshore nursery grounds, such as the Waddensea, as winter approaches (Creutzberg & Fonds, 1971).

scholarly journals III.—On the Structure of the Valleys of the Blackwater and the Crough, and of the East Essex Gravel, and on the Relation of this Gravel to the Denudation of the Weald

1866 ◽  
Vol 3 (26) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Searles V. Wood
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
The South ◽  
Northern Boundary ◽  
The North ◽  
Complete Order ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Boulder Clay ◽  
London Clay

In a paper in this Magazine, upon the structure of the Thames Valley, I endeavoured to show that instead of being, as had been asserted, a valley of similar structure to those of the Somme and Seine, and containing deposits of nearly similar order and age, the valley in which the Thames gravel was deposited possessed no outlet to what is now the North Sea, being divided from it by a range of high gravelless country; and that, in lieu of such an outlet, the valley opened, in more than one part, over what is now the bare Chalk country forming the northern boundary of the Valley of the Weald. I also endeavoured to show that all the deposits of the Thames Valley, except the peat and marsh clay, belonged to several successive stages, marking the gradual denudation of the Boulderclay, the lower Bagshot, the London Clay, and the subjacent Tertiaries, which had, at the end of the Glacial period, spread over the south-east of England in a complete order of succession: the sea into which this valley discharged occupying, what is now, the Chalk country of the Counties of Kent, Surrey, Sussex, and Hampshire, inclusive of the interval subsequently scooped out to form the Valley of the Weald: so that, not only was the latter valley newer than that of the Thames, and of the most recent of the Thames Valley deposits, except the peat and marsh clay, but that these deposits in themselves marked a long descent in time from that comparatively remote period of the Boulder-clay.

scholarly journals A reassessment of trends in the North Sea Large Fish Indicator and a re-evaluation of earlier conclusions

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. R. Greenstreet ◽  
Stuart I. Rogers ◽  
Jake C. Rice ◽  
Gerjan J. Piet ◽  
Emma J. Guirey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Previous Analysis ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Large Fish ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Corrected Data ◽  
Sea Fish

Abstract Greenstreet, S. P. R., Rogers, S. I., Rice, J. C., Piet, G. J., Guirey, E. J., Fraser, H. M., and Fryer, R. J. 2012. A reassessment of trends in the North Sea Large Fish Indicator and a re-evaluation of earlier conclusions. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 343–345. Previous analysis of the Large Fish Indicator, the basis for the North Sea “fish communities” EcoQO, suggested a strong recovery between 2001 and 2008. Discovery of a mistake in this earlier analysis now suggests that this recovery is not as strong as first thought, but reanalysis of the corrected data still supports the majority of conclusions drawn in the original paper.

scholarly journals Modelling the direct impact of bottom trawling on the North Sea fish community to derive estimates of fishing mortality for non-target fish species

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Piet ◽  
R. van Hal ◽  
S. P. R. Greenstreet
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Bottom Trawling ◽  
The North ◽  
Target Fish ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Sea Fish

Abstract Piet, G. J., van Hal, R., and Greenstreet, S. P. R. 2009. Modelling the direct impact of bottom trawling on the North Sea fish community to derive estimates of fishing mortality for non-target fish species. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1985–1998. This study introduces a spatially explicit model that combines abundance data for all the main fish species in the demersal North Sea fish community with international effort data and estimates of gear-, species-, and size-dependent catch efficiency to determine the mortality of non-target fish species caused by bottom trawl fisheries and its spatial variation. Where necessary information was lacking, assumptions were made, and a sensitivity analysis performed to examine the impact of these issues on model results. Model outcomes were validated using international landings and discard data for five target species: cod, haddock, whiting, sole, and plaice. This showed that depending on its configuration, the model could reproduce recorded landings and discards of these species reasonably well. This suggests that the model could be used to simulate rates of fishing mortality for non-target fish species, for which few data are currently available. Sensitivity analyses revealed that model outcomes were most strongly influenced by the estimates of gear catch efficiency and the extent to which the distributions of fishing effort and each species overlapped. Better data for these processes would enhance the contribution that this type of model could make in supporting an ecosystem approach to fisheries management.

Layers of practice, theory and experience at East Lodge

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Roger Stonehouse
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
The South ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Newcastle Upon Tyne

Located in Northumberland, 35km north of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 3km from the North Sea, the mid-nineteenth-century East Lodge to Togston Hall was originally a simple, linear, rectangular single-storey cottage of whinstone with a dual pitch roof. It had acquired an accumulation of ugly, pebble-dashed, flat-roofed extensions to the south and was in poor condition.

scholarly journals Misperception, illusion and epistemological optimism: vision studies in early nineteenth-century Britain and Germany

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUTTA SCHICKORE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Medical Background ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Made In

This article compares investigations of the process of vision that were made in early nineteenth-century Britain and the German lands. It is argued that vision studies differed significantly east and west of the North Sea. Most of the German investigators had a medical background and many of them had a firm grasp of contemporary philosophy. In contrast, the British studies on vision emerged from the context of optics. This difference manifested itself in the conceptual tools for the analysis of vision, deception and illusion and shaped the experiments on visual phenomena that were carried out. Nevertheless, both in Britain and in the German lands vision studies were driven by the same impetus, by epistemological concerns with the nature and reliability of knowledge acquisition in experience. The general epistemological conclusions drawn from researches on vision and deception were optimistic. Precisely because mechanisms of deception and illusion could be uncovered, the possibility of acquiring empirical knowledge could be secured.

scholarly journals Spawning location of Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarkii Nilsson) in the North Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1338-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. M. Nash ◽  
Peter J. Wright ◽  
Iveta Matejusova ◽  
Stefan Petev Dimitrov ◽  
Martha O'Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Stage I ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Merlangius Merlangus ◽  
North Western

Abstract Nash, R. D. M., Wright, P. J., Matejusova, I., Dimitrov, S. P., O'Sullivan, M., Augley, J., and Höffle, H. 2012. Spawning location of Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarkii Nilsson) in the North Sea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . The northern region of the North Sea (56–62°N) was sampled in February/March 2009 for eggs and in May 2010 for larvae. To aid in the identification of Norway pout stage I eggs and distinguish them from other ‘cod-like’ eggs, a Taq-Man probe was designed for this species and used here. Stage I Norway pout egg diameters collected from the field were in the range 1.03–1.28 mm and largely overlapped with the size range determined for whiting (Merlangius merlangus). The distribution of Norway pout stage I eggs in 2009 revealed the distribution of spawning in the North Sea and showed that it was similar to the distribution of 2 + Norway pout taken during the International Bottom Trawl Surveys (IBTS) over the same period covering the whole North Sea. The larvae sampled in 2010 were largely in the same area; however, larger larvae occurred to the south-east of the survey area, suggesting advection of young stages from the principal spawning areas in the north-western North Sea to the south-east and toward the Skagerrak.

scholarly journals Ecotypes as a concept for exploring responses to climate change in fish assemblages

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg H. Engelhard ◽  
Jim R. Ellis ◽  
Mark R. Payne ◽  
Remment ter Hofstede ◽  
John K. Pinnegar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Sea Fish

Abstract Engelhard, G. H., Ellis, J. R., Payne, M. R., ter Hofstede, R., and Pinnegar, J. K. 2011. Ecotypes as a concept for exploring responses to climate change in fish assemblages. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . How do species-rich fish assemblages respond to climate change or to other anthropogenic or environmental drivers? To explore this, a categorization concept is presented whereby species are assigned with respect to six ecotype classifications, according to biogeography, horizontal and vertical habitat preference, trophic guild, trophic level, or body size. These classification schemes are termed ecotypology, and the system is applied to fish in the North Sea using International Bottom Trawl Survey data. Over the period 1977–2008, there were changes in the North Sea fish community that can be related to fish ecotypes. Broadly speaking, there were steady increases in abundance of species that were either Lusitanian, small-bodied, or low-/mid-trophic-level ecotypes, and generally declining or only marginally increasing trends of most Boreal, large-bodied, or high-trophic-level ecotypes or combinations of them. The post-1989 warm biological regime appears to have favoured pelagic species more than demersal species. These community-level patterns agree with the expected responses of ecotypes to climate change and also with anticipated vulnerability to fishing pressure.

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