Comparative cleaning behaviour of Pederson's cleaner shrimp (Ancylomenes pedersoni) between geographically close yet ecologically dissimilar coral reef habitats

AbstractCleaning mutualisms are important interactions on coral reefs. Intraspecific variation in cleaning rate and behaviour occurs geographically and is often attributed to local processes. However, our understanding of fine-scale variation is limited, but would allow us to control for geography and region-specific behavioural patterns. Here, we compare the cleaning activity of Pederson's cleaner shrimp (Ancylomenes pedersoni) on two neighbouring, yet ecologically dissimilar, reef systems in Honduras: Banco Capiro, an offshore bank close to significant land runoff with high coral cover but a depleted fish population, and an oligotrophic fringing reef around the island of Utila, with lower coral cover but high fish abundance and diversity. The proportion of realized to potential fish clientele was <60% at both sites, and the composition of clientele was neither reflective of the demographics of the resident assemblages at each site nor similar between sites. Parrotfishes represented 13–15% of total fish abundance at both sites yet accounted for >50% (Banco Capiro) and 10% (Utila) of all cleans. Conversely, the schoolmaster snapper (Lutjanus apodus) represented ~1% of total fish abundance at both sites yet accounted for 40% (Utila) and 1% (Banco Capiro) of all cleans. After standardizing our cleaning rate data by clientele abundance, we find that clientele at Banco Capiro engage in over four times as many cleaning encounters per hour with A. pedersoni than at Utila. Our study highlights the variable nature of coral reef cleaning interactions and the need to better understand the ecological and environmental drivers of this biogeographic variation.

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Quantification of The Effects of Coral Reef Degradation On Butterflyfish Populations in The Southern Great Barrier Reef

Journal of Marine Science Research and Oceanography ◽

10.33140/jmsro.04.01.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Live Coral ◽

Reef Degradation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Reef Health ◽

Coral Reef Degradation ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

A Minor

Because of their wide abundance on coral reefs, butterflyfishes’ presence or absence can function as an indicator for overall reef health. A survey of both healthy and degraded coral reef flats off Heron Island in Queensland, Australia was conducted to determine the effects of decreasing coral cover on corallivorous fishes. During a four-day period at the end of October, 2013, four species of butterflyfish – two obligate and two facultative corallivorous butterflyfish species – were tallied along two transects in the reef flats. From a total of 291 individuals, there was a significant difference in habitat composition choice between healthy and degraded habitats seen by a p= 2.234e-10. Additionally, means extracted from log-transformed data suggest that the twelve percent decrease in live coral between transects of the healthy habitat caused a disproportionate decrease in fish abundance. This suggests that a minor loss of coral cover can result in a dramatic loss of fish abundance and diversity and may point towards a threshold where living coral can no longer sustain original population abundances of coral reef communities.

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CONDITION OF CORAL AND REEF FISH IN THE LOCATION OF FISH CATCHING USING DYNAMITE FISHING IN KAPOPOSANG WATER PARK AND THE SURROUNDING SEA

Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan SPERMONDE ◽

10.20956/jiks.v6i1.9897 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Mahmudin Mahmudin ◽

Chair Rani ◽

Hamzah Hamzah

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Fish ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Low Cost ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Live Coral ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Control Location ◽

Target Fish ◽

Reef Ecosystem

Dynamite fishing is one of the causes of damage to the coral reef ecosystem in Indonesia. Fishing activities using explosives (dynamite fishing) occur because of the desire of fishermen to get a lot of catch with low cost in a short time. Kapoposang Water Park (WP) is a region rich in marine biological resources. However, dynamite fishing activities which are still found within the area have caused the coral reef ecosystem to be severely damaged. The results showed a lower difference in the percentage of live coral cover at dynamite fishing locations (DF1, DF2) compared to control locations (K1, K2). In addition, the highest average values of coral fish abundance were found at locations K1, DF1, and DF2. Conversely, the results of the analysis found the lowest fish abundance at the K2 location. Different from the average number of reef fish species that were higher at the control location (K1, K2) compared to dynamite fishing locations (DF1, DF2). For the target fish biomass there is no real difference between the control location and dynamite fishing.

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Global coral reef ecosystems exhibit declining calcification and increasing primary productivity

Communications Earth & Environment ◽

10.1038/s43247-021-00168-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kay L. Davis ◽

Andrew P. Colefax ◽

James P. Tucker ◽

Brendan P. Kelaher ◽

Isaac R. Santos

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Multiple Stressors ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Environmental Drivers ◽

Spatiotemporal Trends ◽

Coral Reef Resilience ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽

Seawater Carbonate Chemistry ◽

Organic Productivity

AbstractLong-term coral reef resilience to multiple stressors depends on their ability to maintain positive calcification rates. Estimates of coral ecosystem calcification and organic productivity provide insight into the environmental drivers and temporal changes in reef condition. Here, we analyse global spatiotemporal trends and drivers of coral reef calcification using a meta-analysis of ecosystem-scale case studies. A linear mixed effects regression model was used to test whether ecosystem-scale calcification is related to seasonality, methodology, calcifier cover, year, depth, wave action, latitude, duration of data collection, coral reef state, Ωar, temperature and organic productivity. Global ecosystem calcification estimated from changes in seawater carbonate chemistry was driven primarily by depth and benthic calcifier cover. Current and future declines in coral cover will significantly affect the global reef carbonate budget, even before considering the effects of sub-lethal stressors on calcification rates. Repeatedly studied reefs exhibited declining calcification of 4.3 ± 1.9% per year (x̄ = 1.8 ± 0.7 mmol m−2 d−1 yr−1), and increasing organic productivity at 3.0 ± 0.8 mmol m−2 d−1 per year since 1970. Therefore, coral reef ecosystems are experiencing a shift in their essential metabolic processes of calcification and photosynthesis, and could become net dissolving worldwide around 2054.

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Coral cover and rubble cryptofauna abundance and diversity at outplanted reefs in Okinawa, Japan

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.9185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e9185

Author(s):

Piera Biondi ◽

Giovanni Diego Masucci ◽

James Davis Reimer

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Current Status ◽

Live Coral ◽

Okinawa Island ◽

Control Location ◽

Coral Coverage ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

And Control

Global climate change is leading to damage and loss of coral reef ecosystems. On subtropical Okinawa Island in southwestern Japan, the prefectural government is working on coral reef restoration by outplanting coral colonies from family Acroporidae back to reefs after initially farming colonies inside protected nurseries. In order to establish a baseline for future comparisons, in this study we documented the current status of reefs undergoing outplanting at Okinawa Island, and nearby locations where no human manipulation has occurred. We examined three sites on the coast of Onna Village on the west coast of the island; each site included an outplanted and control location. We used (1) coral rubble sampling to measure and compare abundance and diversity of rubble cryptofauna; and (2) coral reef monitoring using Line Intercept Transects to track live coral coverage. Results showed that rubble shape had a positive correlation with the numbers of animals found within rubble themselves and may therefore constitute a reliable abundance predictor. Each outplanted location did not show differences with the corresponding control location in terms of rubble cryptofauna abundance, but outplanted locations had significantly lower coral coverage. Overall, differences between sites (Maeganeku1, Maeganeku2 and Manza, each including both outplanted and control locations) were significant, for both rubble cryptofauna and coral coverage. We recommend (1) to outplant colonies from more stress-resistant genera in place of Acropora, and (2) to conduct regular surveys to monitor the situation closely. With a lack of baseline data preceding impacts, rigorous monitoring over time can highlight trends towards increases or decreases in evaluated variables, allowing to obtain a clearer idea of the effects of transplants and on the trajectory of impacts due to climate change and local stressors . Finally, we also recommend (3) to establish conservation and sustainable practices that could aid the ongoing restoration efforts such as installing anchoring buoys to reduce impacts from anchoring, which could reduce coral mortality of both outplanted and native coral colonies.

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The Correlation of Coral Reef Cover and Rugosity with Coral Reef Fish Density in East Java Waters

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan ◽

10.20473/jipk.v12i1.14356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Wahyu Andy Nugraha ◽

Faizun Mubarak ◽

Eko Husaini ◽

Hasyim Evendi

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Fish ◽

Coral Reef Fish ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Fish Density ◽

High Productivity ◽

Tropical Area ◽

Belt Transect ◽

Line Intercept

HighlightsCoral cover, rugosity, and reef fish abundance was determinedThe relationship between coral cover and rugosity and fish abundance was analyzed.Coral cover in East Java were categorized as medium – good.The rugosity index and the fish abundance were highest in Bangsring Waters.There are no relationships between coral cover and fish abundance, but there is relationship between rugosity and fish abundance.AbstractA coral reef is one of the most complex and specific ecosystems in a tropical area. It is identified by its high productivity and biodiversity. This research aims to discover the percentage of coral reef cover and rugosity, as well as the fish abundance in several locations in East Java, Indonesia. In addition, this research aims to investigate the correlation of coral reef cover and rugosity with the density of coral reef fish. This research was conducted in three locations, i.e., Bangsring Waters of Wongsorejo District, Banyuwangi Regency; Gili Noko Bawean Island, Gresik Regency; and Kramat Island, Gili Genting District, Sumenep Regency. This research employed the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method to calculate the percentage of coral reef cover, the Chain Intercept Transect (CIT) method to determine the coral reef rugosity, and the Belt Transect method to estimate the fish abundance. From this research, it was revealed that the highest coral reef cover was in Bawean waters, while the highest rugosity was in Bangring waters. In addition, the highest coral reef fish density was in Bangsring waters. Meanwhile, the coral reef fish density did not correlate with the percentage of coral reef cover. In contrast, it correlated with the coral reef rugosity.

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Coral Recruitment Spatial Distribution in its Relation With Coral Cover and Herbivorous Fish Abundance Within Conservation Area

ILMU KELAUTAN Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences ◽

10.14710/ik.ijms.24.2.91-98 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Zulfikar Afandy ◽

Ario Damar ◽

Syamsul Bahri Agus

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Herbivorous Fish ◽

Live Coral ◽

Coral Recruitment ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Coral Colony

The continuity of coral reef ecosystem highly depends on the new coral larvae recruitment process. Hence, the information regarding distribution, the abundance of corals, and its relation to other variables are highly important in that ecosystem management. Research was conducted at nine stations represented each zone at the conservation area of Kapoposang Marine Tourism Park (TWP Kapoposang). This research aims at seeking for spatial variations of the abundance of coral recruitment at three primary zones monitored (core zone, sustainable fishing zone and utilization zone) and we further identified its relations with spatial variation of herbivorous fishes abundance and coral cover’s condition at those zones. The coral recruitment observation employed transect quadrat sampling method with size of 1x1 meter and 10 times repetition at a similar depth, and the coral recruitment abundance measurement in natural habitat based on the amounts of juvenile corals has been defined as coral colony with size of ≤10 cm. Overall, this research has found 534 coral juveniles consisted of 19 genera and 7 families, and the average of juvenile coral density stood at 5.34±4.45 SE.m-2. The coral reef recruitment category at TWP Kapoposang could be classified as high and its abundance spatial distribution showed no significant differences between each zone, as well as not influenced by either herbivorous fish abundance variable or the percentage of live coral cover.

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Assemblages of fish along a mangrove - mudflat gradient in temperate Australia

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf08124 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Nicholas Leslie Payne ◽

Bronwyn May Gillanders

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Fish Assemblages ◽

Structural Complexity ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Fish Distribution ◽

Individual Species ◽

Total Abundance ◽

Total Fish ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Habitat Scale

Mangroves are considered to support rich assemblages of fish and invertebrates. Fishes inhabiting mangrove habitats and at various distances from mangroves across mudflats were sampled to: (1) compare fish assemblages between habitats; and (2) determine the influence of mangrove proximity on fish abundance and diversity in three southern Australian estuaries between November 2005 and January 2006. Based on their distribution, fish species were classified as mangrove residents, mudflat residents, generalists or rare species. The assemblage structure of fish in mangroves differed from assemblages 500 m away; however, neither total abundance nor species richness differed significantly between mangroves and mudflats. Mangrove residents and Aldrichetta forsteri (yellow-eyed mullet) displayed strong associations with mangrove habitats, whereas mudflat residents were associated with mudflat habitats. No other fish groups or individual species occurred in higher abundances in either habitat. Total fish abundance, mangrove residents and A. forsteri were positively correlated with pneumatophore density, indicating that the structural complexity of the mangroves might influence the distributions of certain fish species. The current study demonstrated that mangrove habitats in temperate Australia support no greater abundance or diversity of fish than adjacent mudflat habitats and that mangrove proximity does not influence fish distribution at a habitat scale.

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HUBUNGAN TUTUPAN BENTUK KARANG DENGAN KELIMPAHAN IKAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN PULAU CILIK TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA

Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) ◽

10.14710/marj.v7i3.22548 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 246-252

Author(s):

Lillah Gustilah ◽

Anhar Solichin ◽

Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Fish ◽

National Park ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Live Coral ◽

Central Java ◽

Live Coral Cover ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystems

Pulau Cilik merupakan salah satu dari 27 Pulau yang membentuk kepulauan Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah. Kondisi terumbu karang yang masih baik menjadikan Pulau Cilik sebagai salah satu objek wisata. Adanya kegiatan pariwisata dikhawatirkan dapat mengganggu kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis dan perbedaan kelimpahan ikan antar kedalaman dan hubungan kerapatan bentuk karang dan kelimpahan ikan karang di berbagai tingkat kedalaman yang berbeda di Pulau Cilik Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2016 di perairan Pulau Cilik Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian bersifat deskriptif. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 4 stasiun yaitu barat, selatan, utara dan timur Pulau Cilik terdapat 2 titik kedalaman titik 1 3 m dan 10 m, masing-masing dilakukan pengulangan pengamatan 2 kali. Pada setiap titik dilakukan pengukuran parameter fisika dan kimia air, pengamatan kondisi bentuk karang dan kelimpahan ikan. Analisis data meliputi indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan perhitungan persentase tutupan karang hidup, karang mati, pasir dan pecahan karang. Data yang telah diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisa statistik dengan uji t, yaitu membandingkan kelimpahan ikan karang antara kedalaman 3 m dan 10 m serta membandingkan perbedaan hubungan antara bentuk karang dan ikan karang. Hasil Bentuk karang yang terdapat di Pulau Cilik yaitu bentuk karang keras dan kelimpahan ikan karang yang mendominasi adalah jenis ikan Pomacentridae. Hubungan kerapatan terumbu karang dengan kelimpahan ikan karang terdapat hubungan positif dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0,6861 pada kedalaman 3 m dan 10 m, Persentase tutupan terumbu karang hidup termasuk kategori baik (>50%). Cilik Island is one of 27 island that form the Karimunjawa islands, Central Java. The condition of coral reefs are still outstanding to make Cilik Island as one of tourist destinations. The existence of tourism activities is worried to disrupt the condition of coral reef ecosystems. The aim of this research is to recognise the types and differences of fish abundance between depth and the relation of coral cover density and abundance of reef fish at different level of depth in Cilik Island Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java. This research was conducted in September 2016 in the waters of Pulau Cilik Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java. The research method used in the research is descriptive method. The observations were conducted on 4 stations, they are west, south, north and east of Cilik Island has 2 points depth point of 3m and 10m,each of observation was reapeted twice. At each point, It was conducted the measurement on physical and chemical parameters of water, observation of coral cover condition and fish abundance. Analysis data included index of diversity, uniformity and calculation of percentage of live coral cover, dead corals, sand and coral fragments. The obtained data were then analyzed statistically with t-test, by comparing the abundance of reef fish between 3 m and 10 m of depth and comparing the differences between coral cover and reef fish. The results of coral shape found in Pulau Cilik is the form of hard corals and the abundance of reef fish that dominate is Pomacentridae fish species. The correlation of coral reef density with abundance of reef fish has positive correlation with correlation coefficient value (R) 0,6861 at depth of 3 m and 10 m. The percentage of live coral cover is good category (> 50%).

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DIFFERENCES OF CORAL REEF AND CORAL COMMUNITY FISH ABUNDANCE CONDITION BASED ON ZONING OF BENGKOANG ISLAND, KARIMUNJAWA

Jurnal Kelautan Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology ◽

10.21107/jk.v11i1.3709 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 88

Author(s):

M. Nadia ◽

N Nurhidayah ◽

H. Alkharis ◽

Muhammad Danie Al Malik

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Coral Community ◽

Northern Region ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽

Protection Zone ◽

Marine Tourism ◽

Marine Protection ◽

Reef Ecosystem

Bengkoang Island is an unpopulated island in the northern region of the archipelago. The island is divided into 2 zones, Marine Protection Zone and Marine Tourism Utilization Zone, based on the zoning and management plan of the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java. This research is aimed to observe the condition of the coral reef and coral community fish abundance in Bengkoang Island based on the zoning. There were 2 stations to represent each of the zones at depths of 5 and 10 meters. Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method was used along 100 meters to data the reef substrate and Visual Census method with Belt Transect was used to data the coral community fish. The result showed that the coral cover was the highest in Station 1 at 5 m which was located in the Marine Protection Zone with 80,31%, while the lowest was found in Station 2 at 10 m which was located in the Marine Tourism Utilization Zone with 18,81%. Meanwhile, the coral community fish abudance was the highest in Station 1 at 10 m with 15.600 individual/ha and lowest in Station 2 at 10 m with 4.280 individual/ha. Based on the result, it can be said that the condition of the coral reef ecosystem in Bengkoang Island varies with a high margin between the data stations. The result indicated that the coral reef ecosystem in the Marine Protection Zone was in a better condition than in the Marine Toursim Utilization Zone.DIFFERENCES OF CORAL REEF AND CORAL COMMUNITY FISH ABUNDANCE CONDITION BASED ON ZONING OF BENGKOANG ISLAND, KARIMUNJAWAABSTRACTBengkoang Island is an unpopulated island in the northern region of the archipelago. The island is divided into 2 zones, Marine Protection Zone and Marine Tourism Utilization Zone, based on the zoning and management plan of the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java. This research is aimed to observe the condition of the coral reef and coral community fish abundance in Bengkoang Island based on the zoning. There were 2 stations to represent each of the zones at depths of 5 and 10 meters. Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method was used along 100 meters to data the reef substrate and Visual Census method with Belt Transect was used to data the coral community fish. The result showed that the coral cover was the highest in Station 1 at 5 m which was located in the Marine Protection Zone with 80,31%, while the lowest was found in Station 2 at 10 m which was located in the Marine Tourism Utilization Zone with 18,81%. Meanwhile, the coral community fish abudance was the highest in Station 1 at 10 m with 15.600 individual/ha and lowest in Station 2 at 10 m with 4.280 individual/ha. Based on the result, it can be said that the condition of the coral reef ecosystem in Bengkoang Island varies with a high margin between the data stations. The result indicated that the coral reef ecosystem in the Marine Protection Zone was in a better condition than in the Marine Toursim Utilization Zone. Key Words: Karimunjawa, Bengkoang Island, Zoning, Coral Reef, Coral Fish

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EFFECTIVENESS OF ARTIFICIAL REEF IN INCREASING THE RESILIENCE OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS OVER CLIMATE VARIABILITY

Jurnal Segara ◽

10.15578/segara.v16i2.9093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Reny Puspasari ◽

Ngurah Nyoman Wiadnyana ◽

Sri Turni Hartati ◽

Rita Rachmawati

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Climate Variability ◽

Coral Bleaching ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Artificial Reef ◽

Fish Abundance ◽

Anthropogenic Pressure ◽

Fish Production ◽

The Impact

Some coral bleaching event related to climate variability (ENSO or IOD) lead to coral mortality resulted in ecosystem damage and decreased in ecosystem health. Artificial reef is one of management efforts adopted by stakeholders to restore coral reef condition. Successful artificial reef could extend coral coverage and provides a new habitat for several marine organisms and could divert anthropogenic pressure on natural coral ecosystems. The current research aims are to identify the impact of artificial reef installment on ecosystem and fisheries. Three indicators for ecosystem were determined, such as an increase in coral cover, biofouling organism and fish abundance and number of fish species. The indicator to measure artificial impact on fisheries is fish production after installment. Data collection were done during 2017 around Bali area, including the occurrence of coral bleaching, the number of artificial reef installed and the case of positive impact of artificial reef. The list of indicator data was done, then the data were analyzed to measure any changes occurred after artificial reef installment. Results show that artificial reef installment has a significant impact on increasing coral cover, fouling organism, fish abundance and species richness; however the effect of artificial reef installment could not directly quantify on fish production due to unavailability of monitoring data.

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