Trypanosoma cruzi TcI and TcII transmission among wild carnivores, small mammals and dogs in a conservation unit and surrounding areas, Brazil

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIANA LOPES ROCHA ◽  
ANDRÉ LUIZ RODRIGUES ROQUE ◽  
RICARDO CORASSA ARRAIS ◽  
JEAN PIERRE SANTOS ◽  
VALDIRENE DOS SANTOS LIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Surrounding Areas

SUMMARYAiming to better understand the ecological aspects of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles, wild carnivores, small mammals and dogs were examined for T. cruzi infection in the Serra da Canastra National Park region, Brazil. Isolates were genotyped using mini-exon gene and PCR-RFLP (1f8 and H3) genomic targets. Trypanosoma cruzi transmission was well established in the area and occurred in both wild and peridomestic environments. Dog seroprevalence was 29·4% (63/214) and TcI and TcII genotypes, besides mixed infections were observed. Only TcI was detected in wild mammals. Marsupials displayed lower relative abundance, but a high prevalence of positive haemocultures (4/22), whereas rodents displayed positive haemocultures (9/113) mainly in the abundant Akodon montensis and Cerradomys subflavus species. The felid Leopardus pardalis was the only carnivore to display positive haemoculture and was captured in the same region where the small mammal prevalence of T. cruzi infection was high. Two canid species, Chrysocyon brachyurus and Cerdocyon thous, were serologically positive for T. cruzi infection (4/8 and 8/39, respectively), probably related to their capacity to exploit different ecological niches. Herein, dog infection not only signals T. cruzi transmission but also the genotypes present. Distinct transmission strategies of the T. cruzi genotypes are discussed.

High prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in domestic and wild carnivores in Iraq

Acta Tropica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 105058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Otranto ◽  
Roberta Iatta ◽  
Gad Baneth ◽  
Maria Alfonsa Cavalera ◽  
Angelica Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vector Borne

Levels of Ancylostoma infections and phylogenetic analysis of cox 1 gene of A. ceylanicum in stray cat faecal samples from Guangzhou, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hu ◽  
X.G. Yu ◽  
S. Wu ◽  
L.P. Tan ◽  
M.R. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Stray Cat ◽  
A Minor

AbstractAncylostoma ceylanicum is a common zoonotic nematode. Cats act as natural reservoirs of the hookworm and are involved in transmitting infection to humans, thus posing a potential risk to public health. The prevalence of feline A. ceylanicum in Guangzhou (South China) was surveyed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In total, 112 faecal samples were examined; 34.8% (39/112) and 43.8% (49/112) samples were positive with hookworms by microscopy and PCR method, respectively. Among them, 40.8% of samples harboured A. ceylanicum. Twelve positive A. ceylanicum samples were selected randomly and used for cox 1 sequence analysis. Sequencing results revealed that they had 97–99% similarity with A. ceylanicumcox 1 gene sequences deposited in GenBank. A phylogenetic tree showed that A. ceylanicum isolates were divided into two groups: one comprising four isolates from Guangzhou (South China), and the other comprising those from Malaysia, Cambodia and Guangzhou. In the latter group, all A. ceylanicum isolates from Guangzhou were clustered into a minor group again. The results indicate that the high prevalence of A. ceylanicum in stray cats in South China poses a potential risk of hookworm transmission from pet cats to humans, and that A. ceylanicum may be a species complex worldwide.

Molecular diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi/Leishmania spp. coinfection in domestic, peridomestic and wild mammals of Venezuelan co-endemic areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Viettri ◽  
Leidi Herrera ◽  
Cruz M. Aguilar ◽  
Antonio Morocoima ◽  
Jesús Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Endemic Areas

scholarly journals Prevalence and Distribution of Plague and Tularemia in Small Mammals of Grand Teton National Park

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Asaf Dagan ◽  
Colin Gillin ◽  
Kira Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
University Of Wyoming ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Zoological Society ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Low Incidence

Sylvatic plague (Yersinia pestis) and tularemia (Francisella tularensis) are infectious bacterial diseases that can be transmitted from wild mammals to humans by insects or through direct contact. Although cases of plague and tularemia have been reported in the southwest, a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence, distribution and dynamics of these diseases is lacking. During the months of June and July 2000 we sampled small mammals in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) for antibodies of these zoonotic diseases. This survey was conducted in conjunction with a large scale population dynamics study, lead by Dr. Brian Miller, Denver Zoological society, and Dr. Hank Harlow, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming. A published survey of plague and tularemia has not been conducted in GTNP. In 1996, Dr. Fredrick Jannett looked for plague in the genus Microtus and found low incidence

scholarly journals High prevalence and diversity of Bartonella in small mammals from the biodiverse Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009178
Author(s):  
B. R. Ansil ◽  
Ian H. Mendenhall ◽  
Uma Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Interspecies Variability ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Microbial Agents

Bartonella species are recognized globally as emerging zoonotic pathogens. Small mammals such as rodents and shrews are implicated as major natural reservoirs for these microbial agents. Nevertheless, in several tropical countries, like India, the diversity of Bartonella in small mammals remain unexplored and limited information exists on the natural transmission cycles (reservoirs and vectors) of these bacteria. Using a multi-locus sequencing approach, we investigated the prevalence, haplotype diversity, and phylogenetic affinities of Bartonella in small mammals and their associated mites in a mixed-use landscape in the biodiverse Western Ghats in southern India. We sampled 141 individual small mammals belonging to eight species. Bartonella was detected in five of the eight species, including three previously unknown hosts. We observed high interspecies variability of Bartonella prevalence in the host community. However, the overall prevalence (52.5%) and haplotype diversity (0.9) was high for the individuals tested. Of the seven lineages of Bartonella identified in our samples, five lineages were phylogenetically related to putative zoonotic species–B. tribocorum, B. queenslandensis, and B. elizabethae. Haplotypes identified from mites were identical to those identified from their host species. This indicates that these Bartonella species may be zoonotic, but further work is necessary to confirm whether these are pathogenic and pose a threat to humans. Taken together, these results emphasize the presence of hitherto unexplored diversity of Bartonella in wild and synanthropic small mammals in mixed-use landscapes. The study also highlights the necessity to assess the risk of spillover to humans and other incidental hosts.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma evansi infections on health of Southern coati (Nasua nasua), crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in the Brazilian Pantanal

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0201357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Martins Santos ◽  
Gabriel Carvalho de Macedo ◽  
Wanessa Teixeira Gomes Barreto ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Oliveira-Santos ◽  
Carolina Martins Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal

The Biography of the Earth

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-213
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Ervin-Blankenheim
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Asteroid Impact ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
The Universe

The story of the Phanerozoic Eon continues in this chapter with the Mesozoic Era. The first period in the Mesozoic, the Triassic, was bookended by two extinction events, the one at the beginning, discussed in the prior chapter at the end of the Permian Period, the Great Dying, and then another at the end of the period, related to the further breakup of Pangea. Dinosaurs evolved and diversified during the Mesozoic to occupy nearly each and every ecological niche on the planet, with large dinosaurs and small dinosaurs, ones that flew, those that ate vegetation, and those that preyed upon the herbivores—making this time a dino-dominated age. In the late Jurassic Period, small mammals, many of them insectivores, were starting to become prevalent. The era ended with a “big bang” of a different type than is theorized as the start of the universe—with the Chicxulub asteroid impact 66 million years ago that ended the lives of most of the dinosaurs, the non-avian lines, and opened up new ecological niches for the next “masters of the universe,” the mammals.

scholarly journals Prevalence of PKD1 gene mutation in cats in Turkey and pathogenesis of feline polycystic kidney disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-555
Author(s):  
Nüket Bilgen ◽  
Merve Bişkin Türkmen ◽  
Bengi Çınar Kul ◽  
Sevim Isparta ◽  
Yusuf Şen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Renal Abnormality ◽  
Pkd1 Gene ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common hereditary diseases in cats, with high prevalence in Persian and Persian-related cats. PKD is caused mainly by an inherited autosomal dominant (AD) mutation, and animals may be asymptomatic for years. We screened 16 cats from various breeds exhibiting a renal abnormality by ultrasound examination and genotyped them for the c.10063C>A transversion on exon 29 of the polycystin-1 ( PKD1) gene, by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Among these cats, a Siamese nuclear family of 4 cats with ancestral hereditary renal failure were screened by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to determine novel variations in genes associated with both AD and autosomal recessive PKD in humans. During the study period, one cat died as a result of renal failure and was forwarded for autopsy. Additionally, we screened 294 cats asymptomatic for renal disease (Angora, Van, Persian, Siamese, Scottish Fold, Exotic Shorthair, British Shorthair, and mixed breeds) to determine the prevalence of the mutation in cats in Turkey. Ten of the symptomatic and 2 of the asymptomatic cats carried the heterozygous C → A transversion, indicating a prevalence of 62.5% and 0.68%, respectively. In the WGS analysis of 4 cats in the Siamese nuclear family, novel variations were determined in the fibrocystin gene ( PKHD1), which was not compatible with dominant inheritance of PKD.

scholarly journals Epidemiological factors related to the transmission risk of Trypanosoma cruzi in a Quilombola community, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon Cezar Cominetti ◽  
Renato Andreotti ◽  
Elisa Teruya Oshiro ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Moraes Cavalheiros Dorval
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

INTRODUCTION: This work was an epidemiological investigation of the risk of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in the rural Quilombola community of Furnas do Dionízio, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: Of the 71 animals examined, seven were captured (two opossums, Didelphis albiventris; four rats, Rattus rattus; and one nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus) and 64 were domestic (one canine, Canis familiaris; five pigs, Sus scrofa; two bovines, Bos taurus; five caprines, Capra sp.; and 51 ovines, Ovis aries). Parasitological tests were performed to detect parasites in the blood and to identify the morphology of flagellates. These methods included fresh examinations, buffy coat tests and blood cultures. Molecular analysis of DNA for identification of trypanosomatids was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers S35 and S36. RESULTS: The parasitological tests showed flagellates in an opossum and two cattle. The molecular tests showed DNA from T. cruzi in an opossum and a pig. Triatoma sordida was the only triatomine species found in the community, and it colonized households (four specimens) and the surrounding areas (124 specimens). Twenty-three specimens tested positive for flagellates, which were subsequently identified as T. cruzi by PCR. CONCLUSIONS: Data analysis demonstrated that T. cruzi has a peridomestic life cycle that involves both domestic and wild mammals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document