Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA gene sequences ofSchellackiaparasites (Apicomplexa: Lankesterellidae) reveals their close relationship to the genusEimeria

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
pp. 1149-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MEGÍA-PALMA ◽  
J. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
S. MERINO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Refractile Body ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Amphibian Species

SUMMARYIn the present study we detectedSchellackiahaemoparasites infecting the blood cells ofLacerta schreiberiandPodarcis hispanica, two species of lacertid lizards from central Spain. The parasite morphometry, the presence of a refractile body, the type of infected blood cells, the kind of host species, and the lack of oocysts in the fecal samples clearly indicated these blood parasites belong to the genusSchellackia. Until now, the species of this genus have never been genetically characterized and its taxonomic position under the Lankesterellidae family is based on the lack of the exogenous oocyst stage. However, the phylogenetic analysis performed on the basis of the 18S rRNA gene sequence revealed that species of the genusSchellackiaare clustered withEimeriaspecies isolated from a snake and an amphibian species but not withLankesterellaspecies. The phylogenetic analysis rejects that both genera share a recent common ancestor. Based on these results we suggest a revision of the taxonomic status of the family Lankesterellidae.

scholarly journals Haemogregarines and Criteria for Identification

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Quraishy ◽  
Fathy Abdel-Ghaffar ◽  
Mohamed A. Dkhil ◽  
Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Vertebrate Host ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Parasitic Protozoa ◽  
Alternation Of Generations

Apicomplexa is a phylum that includes all parasitic protozoa sharing unique ultrastructural features. Haemogregarines are sophisticated apicomplexan blood parasites with an obligatory heteroxenous life cycle and haplohomophasic alternation of generations. Haemogregarines are common blood parasites of fish, amphibians, lizards, snakes, turtles, tortoises, crocodilians, birds, and mammals. Haemogregarine ultrastructure has been so far examined only for stages from the vertebrate host. PCR-based assays and the sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene are helpful methods to further characterize this parasite group. The proper classification for the haemogregarine complex is available with the criteria of generic and unique diagnosis of these parasites.

Effect of Cell Culture on 18S rRNA Gene Sequences in the Cultural Course of Taxus chinensis Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Fu Xiang ◽  
Long J. Yu ◽  
Wu Chen ◽  
Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Taxus Chinensis ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Parsimony Method

Cell culture is an effective technology for taxol production. This paper discusses the effect of Taxus cell cultures on the 18S rRNA gene sequences based on the phylogenetic analysis of cultured T. chinensis cells and related species. The phylogenetic tree is reconstructed using the maximum parsimony method and the relative rate test to test the hypothesis of a molecular clock. The phylogenetic analysis indicates that cell culture changes the phylogenetic position of cultured T. chinensis cells. More than that, the 18S rRNA gene of cultured T. chinensis cells has a faster rate of substitution than that of T. chinensis. With T. media as reference, the divergence time of the cultured T. chinensis cells is 7 Ma (million years) more than that of the T. chinensis cells based on the 18S rRNA gene sequences.

Phylogenetic Analysis Based on 18S rRNA Gene and matK Gene Sequences of Panax vietnamensis and Five Related Species

Planta Medica ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuko Komatsu ◽  
Shu Zhu ◽  
Hirotoshi Fushimi ◽  
Tran Kim Qui ◽  
Shaoqing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Related Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Matk Gene

Phylogenetic Analysis and the Evolution of the 18S rRNA Gene Typing System of Acanthamoeba

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Fuerst ◽  
Gregory C. Booton ◽  
Monica Crary
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Typing ◽  
Typing System

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Heterakis dispar Isolated from Geese

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-760
Author(s):  
Kamila Bobrek ◽  
Joanna Hildebrand ◽  
Joanna Urbanowicz ◽  
Andrzej Gaweł
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Heterakis Gallinarum ◽  
Pcr Product

Abstract Purpose Heterakidosis is a common parasitic infection caused in domestic birds by Heterakis species: Heterakis gallinarum, H. isolonche, and H. dispar. Among them, the best described species is H. gallinarum, noted mainly in gallinaceous birds. In waterfowl, H. dispar is the predominant species. The variations in morphology and host specificity qualify H. dispar as a different species, but the phylogenetic relationships between heterakids were unclear for a long time, because of a lack of H. dispar sequences. Methods The authors provided the molecular data for H. dispar and analyzed the obtained sequences of the partial 18S rRNA gene and region ITS1-5.8SrRNA-ITS2 with the homological sequences. Results The 18S rRNA PCR product of H. dispar was about 800 bp, and the ITS-5.8S-ITS2 PCR product was about 920 bp, noticeably smaller size compared to H. gallinarum product. The BLAST analysis of H. dispar 18S sequence showed a 99% similarity with the sequences of Heterakis gallinarum and Ascaridia galli, 98% with A. nymphii, but only 94% with the sequence of Heterakis sp. Our ITS sequence of H. dispar was almost identical to the H. isolonche isolate, there is only one nucleotide of difference among the 943 sites analyzed. It also showed a lower similarity to the ITS sequences of H. gallinarum (88%), H. spumosa (87%), and H. dahomensis (87%). Conclusions In our phylogenetic analysis, it is the first attempt at the reconstruction of relationships within this superfamily Heterakoidea based on 18S rDNA and ITS region.

scholarly journals The diversity, distribution and host-parasite associations of trypanosomes in Western Australian wildlife

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 1269-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. AVERIS ◽  
R. C. A. THOMPSON ◽  
A. J. LYMBERY ◽  
A. F. WAYNE ◽  
K. D. MORRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Geographical Locations

SUMMARYLittle is known regarding the diversity, distribution or host-parasite associations of Trypanosoma spp. in Australian wildlife. Here we report on an investigation based on divergence of the 18S rRNA gene of trypanosomes isolated from a range of hosts and varied geographical locations. A total of 371 individuals representing 19 species of native animals from 14 different locations were screened. In total, 32 individuals from 9 different species tested positive for the parasite. Phylogenetic analysis revealed considerable parasite diversity with no clear geographical distribution and no evidence of host specificity. In general, it appears that Australian Trypanosoma spp. are widespread, with several genotypes appearing in multiple host species and in varied locations including both mainland areas and offshore islands. Some host species were found to be susceptible to multiple genotypes, but no individuals were infected with more than a single isolate.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of the Hypervariable Region of the 18S rRNA Gene of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Feces of Canada Geese (Branta canadensis): Evidence for Five Novel Genotypes

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Jellison ◽  
Daniel L. Distel ◽  
Harold F. Hemond ◽  
David B. Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
The United States ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Canada Geese ◽  
Pcr Products

ABSTRACT To assess genetic diversity in Cryptosporidium oocysts from Canada geese, 161 fecal samples from Canada geese in the United States were analyzed. Eleven (6.8%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. following nested PCR amplification of the hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene. Nine PCR products from geese were cloned and sequenced, and all nine diverged from previously reported Cryptosporidium 18S rRNA gene sequences. Five sequences were very similar or identical to each other but genetically distinct from that of Cryptosporidium baileyi; two were most closely related to, but genetically distinct from, the first five; and two were distinct from any other sequence analyzed. One additional sequence in the hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene isolated from a cormorant was identical to that of C. baileyi. Phylogenetic analysis provided evidence for new genotypes of Cryptosporidium species in Canada geese. Results of this study suggest that the taxonomy of Cryptosporidium species in geese is complex and that a more complete understanding of genetic diversity among these parasites will facilitate our understanding of oocyst sources and species in the environment.

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