A morphological and molecular study of Clinostomid metacercariae from African fish with a redescription of Clinostomum tilapiae

SUMMARYThe genus Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 (Digenea: Clinostomidae) has been reported in all ecozones of the world and a clear separation between the species of the ‘Old World’ and ‘New World’ has been recognized based on molecular studies. Recent works on Afrotropical species include redescriptions of C. cutaneum and C. phalacrocoracis, while C. tilapiae has yet to be studied using modern taxonomic approaches. In the present research, morphological redescription of C. tilapiae metacercariae from a new host, Synodontis batensoda sampled at Anambra River Basin, Nigeria, together with molecular analysis of nuclear internal transcribed spacer rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase 1 mtDNA are reported. We also provide morphological and molecular data from four further putative species of Clinostomum (morphotypes 1–4) from different areas of Africa, as well as the first report of C. phalacrocoracis in South Africa.

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Systematics of Lobelioideae (Campanulaceae): review, phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.174.59555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 174 ◽

pp. 13-45

Author(s):

Samuel Paul Kagame ◽

Andrew W. Gichira ◽

Ling-Yun Chen ◽

Qing-Feng Wang

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Convergent Evolution ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Pacific Basin ◽

African Origin ◽

Asian Origin ◽

The World ◽

Resupinate Flowers ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Major Progress

Lobelioideae, the largest subfamily within Campanulaceae, includes 33 genera and approximately1200 species. It is characterized by resupinate flowers with zygomorphic corollas and connate anthers and is widely distributed across the world. The systematics of Lobelioideae has been quite challenging over the years, with different scholars postulating varying theories. To outline major progress and highlight the existing systematic problems in Lobelioideae, we conducted a literature review on this subfamily. Additionally, we conducted phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses for Lobelioideae using plastids and internal transcribed spacer regions. We found that former studies have reached agreement on the southern African origin of Lobelioideae, herbaceous habit and Asian origin of giant lobelioids, the convergent evolution of giant rosette lobelioids, and lastly, the multiple cosmopolitan and independent radiation of lobelioids in Africa, Pacific Basin, and the Hawaiian Islands. Also, Apetahia Baill., Sclerotheca A.DC., and Cyanea Gaudich. are paraphyletic, while Lobelia L., Pratia Gaudich., Centropogon C.Presl, Siphocampylus Pohl, and Isotoma Lindl. are polyphyletic. The taxonomy of these genera, especially Lobelia, is particularly quite frustrating. This calls for further reappraisals using both morphological and molecular data.

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Morphological and molecular study of the torrent catfishes (Sisoridae: Glyptosterninae) of Bhutan including the description of five new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4476.1.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4476 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

RYAN J. THONI ◽

DHAN B. GURUNG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Nuclear Gene ◽

Molecular Study ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Cyt B ◽

Dichotomous Key ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

Torrent catfishes of the subfamily Glyptosterninae from Bhutan are examined based on morphological and molecular data. Five new species are described: Creteuchiloglanis bumdelingensis sp. nov., Exostoma mangdechhuensis sp. nov., Parachiloglanis benjii sp. nov., P. dangmechhuensis sp. nov., and P. drukyulensis sp. nov. Molecular data derived from the mitochondrial gene Cyt b and the nuclear gene RAG2 recovered relationships within Parachiloglanis and the Glyptosterninae. A dichotomous key to the Glyptosterninae of Bhutan is provided.

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Cortinarius gueneri: A new species from the Euro-Siberian Floristic Region of Turkey

Karstenia ◽

10.29203/ka.2021.509 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 46-54

Author(s):

Ertugrul Sesli

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Its Region ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Full Description ◽

Short Discussion ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

A New Species

Cortinarius gueneri (subgen. Telamonia sect. Laeti) is described as a new species from Turkey based on morphological and molecular data. It can be recognized by the somewhat irregular conical to campanulate, translucent-striate, rusty brown pileus; pale yellowish to cinnamon brown broadly attached lamellae; pale salmon to pinkish brown stipe; narrowly amygdaloid to ellipsoid basidiospores; and its putative association with Carpinus orientalis. Full description of the new species is given with field photos, microscopic illustrations, and a short discussion. Phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region is also provided.

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Distribution of Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec, Arakawa & Michalczyk, 2018 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae) in Japan

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4767.1.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4767 (1) ◽

pp. 56-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

KENTA SUGIURA ◽

KAZUHARU ARAKAWA ◽

MIDORI MATSUMOTO

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Sexual Reproduction ◽

Cytochrome Oxidase ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Mating Behaviour ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Japanese Islands

To date, only seven species of Macrobiotidae (Parachela; Eutardigrada; Tardigrada) have been reported from Japan, including the recently described Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec et al., 2018 from the Shonai region of Japan. This species has flexible filaments on the egg processes and is known to proliferate only through sexual reproduction. Here, we report a multifaceted analysis of nine populations of M. shonaicus found on four Japanese islands. DNA sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) of the nine populations revealed 8 and 11 haplotypes, respectively. The extensive morphometric analysis showed considerably greater variability in the morphology of eggs than of animals. In addition to the morphological and molecular data, we confirmed the karyotype and found that all populations had a chromosome number of n = 6. Moreover, we observed and filmed mating behaviour between all studied populations of M. shonaicus. Our results clearly indicated that M. shonaicus is widely distributed throughout Japan.

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The impact of multiple molecular and morphological data sets on the phylogenetic reconstruction of subtribe Neurachninae (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae)

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb20015 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. J. Thompson ◽

Melodina Fabillo

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Data Sets ◽

Plastid Markers ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

The Impact ◽

Selection Of

The taxonomy of Neurachninane has been unstable, with its member genera consisting of Ancistrachne, Calyptochloa, Cleistochloa, Dimorphochloa, Neurachne, Paraneurachne and Thyridolepis, changing since its original circumscription that comprised only the latter three genera. Recent studies on the phylogeny of Neurachninae have focused primarily on molecular data. We analysed the phylogeny of Neurachninae on the basis of molecular data from seven molecular loci (plastid markers: matK, ndhF, rbcL, rpl16, rpoC2 and trnLF, and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer, ITS) and morphological data from 104 morphological characters, including new taxonomically informative micromorphology of upper paleas. We devised an impact assessment scoring (IAS) protocol to aid selection of a tree for inferring the phylogeny of Neurachninae. Combining morphological and molecular data resulted in a well resolved phylogeny with the highest IAS value. Our findings support reinstatement of subtribe Neurachninae in its original sense, Neurachne muelleri and Dimorphochloa rigida. We show that Ancistrachne, Cleistochloa and Dimorphochloa are not monophyletic and Ancistrachne maidenii, Calyptochloa, Cleistochloa and Dimorphochloa form a new group, the cleistogamy group, united by having unique morphology associated with reproductive dimorphism.

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A New Tribe of the Ladybird Beetle Subfamily Microweiseinae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Discovered on an Island in the North Atlantic Ocean

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11060367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 367

Author(s):

Karol Szawaryn ◽

Jaroslav Větrovec ◽

Wioletta Tomaszewska

Keyword(s):

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Taxon ◽

The North ◽

The World ◽

New Tribe ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Distinct Branch

Microweiseinae is a quite recently established subfamily within ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae). According to recent analyses of morphological and molecular data, it has been divided into three tribes. Members of the subfamily are distributed mostly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Despite several recent taxonomical studies of this group, its diversity and distribution is still not fully understood. Recent field collecting on Madeira Island resulted in the discovery of interesting specimens belonging to a yet unknown taxon, described here as Madeirodula atlantica gen. et sp. nov. Phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters indicate that the new taxon form a distinct branch within the subfamily Microweiseinae, for which we propose a new tribe Madeirodulini trib. nov. Evolutionary trends within the subfamily are discussed, and an updated key to the tribes of Microweiseinae is provided.

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Parasola psathyrelloides (Psathyrellaceae), a new species from Kerala State, India

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.405.5.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 405 (5) ◽

pp. 255-262

Author(s):

K. G. GREESHMA GANGA ◽

PATINJAREVEETTIL MANIMOHAN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽

Comprehensive Description ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Kerala State ◽

A New Species

Parasola psathyrelloides sp. nov. is described from Kerala State, India, based on both morphological and molecular data. Comprehensive description, photographs, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided. Sequences of both the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nLSU) region of the new species were obtained and used in BLASTn searches. The phylogenetic study was based on Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of the ITS sequences.

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Phylogenetic analysis of Micracidini bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) demonstrates a single trans-Atlantic disjunction and inclusion ofCactopinusin the New World clade

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2016.31 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 149 (1) ◽

pp. 8-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bjarte H. Jordal ◽

Johanna Kaidel

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Bark Beetles ◽

New World ◽

Sister Group ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Morphological Similarity ◽

External Data ◽

Group Relationships ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractMicracidini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is an unusual tribe of mainly bigynous bark beetles found in dry forests and scrublands in Afrotropical and Neotropical regions. Their phylogenetic relationship to other bark beetle groups is poorly known with few clues from external morphology. Hence, a phylogenetic analysis of five genes (COI, EF-1a, 28S, CAD, ArgK) and morphological (internal and external) data was conducted to test potential sister group relationships, including 56 outgroup genera in 22 tribes, and 18 species in 10 genera of Micracidini.CactopinusSchwarz – a genus with many cactus feeding species – was nested within a clade of all Neotropical and Nearctic genera. The New World was colonised by an Afrotropical ancestor about 75–85 million years ago, where cactus feeding inCactopinusevolved much later. All analyses indicated a paraphyletic clade of Afrotropical micracidines, strongly supporting inclusion of the Ipini genusDendrochilusSchedl inAfromicracisSchedl. Hypoborini appear to be one of the more plausible sistergroup candidates to Micracidini, and revealed morphological similarity in protibial and proventricular characters. Most phylogenetic results were supported independently by morphological and molecular data and therefore document the power of thorough examination of morphological characters analysed properly in a phylogenetic context.

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Species relationships of genus Plantago L.(Plantaginaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr2001323m ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 323-334

Author(s):

Saeed Mohsenzadeh ◽

Masoud Sheidai ◽

Fahimeh Koohdar

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Molecular Study ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Issr Marker ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Good Marker ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

First Time

The genus Plantago L. is a cosmopolitan genus with more than 200 species and has the greatest dispersal rate in tropical and subtropical regions. The taxonomy of the genus Plantago is controversial at the section and subgenus levels. Therefore, we attempt to determine the relationships among 20 species of this genus for the first time in Iran using both morphological and molecular data. ISSR marker and morphological characteristics were used to examine relationships among different species and compare the results with different classifications. The molecular study of Plantago species showed that ISSR marker is not a good marker at the section and subgenus levels, but is a good marker at the species level and it can identify different genetic groups. Morphological study showed that according to Rahn's taxonomy, the studied species should be in 4 subgenera, but section Albicans is in need of taxonomic revision.

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Notes on lichenicolous Pleosporales, with two new species, Didymocyrtis azorica and Pseudopyrenidium epipertusariae (Phaeosphaeriaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.494.1.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 494 (1) ◽

pp. 75-88

Author(s):

J. ETAYO ◽

R. PINO-BODAS

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Evernia Prunastri ◽

New Host ◽

Phylogenetic Placement ◽

Two New Species ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Asexual State

The identity and phylogenetic placement of some lichenicolous Pleosporales were studied using morphological and molecular data. Two new species are described, Didymocyrtis azorica on Hypotrachyna rockii, from the Azores, and Pseudopyrenidium epipertusariae on Pertusaria pertusa, from Spain in oceanic montane woods, with a Phoma-like asexual state. This is the second species of Pseudopyrenidium, and the morphological similarities with P. tartaricola are discussed. In addition, Evernia prunastri is a new host for Didymocyrtis ramalinae, and Heterodea muelleri is a new host for D. cladoniicola, which is newly reported for Australia.

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