Crosstalk between Entamoeba histolytica and the human intestinal tract during amoebiasis

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 1140-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Labruyère ◽  
Roman Thibeaux ◽  
Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin ◽  
Nancy Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Microbial Agent ◽  
Human Intestinal Tract

AbstractThe protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the microbial agent of amoebiasis – an infection that is endemic worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. As the disease develops, virulent E. histolytica deplete the mucus layer, interact with the intestinal epithelium, and then degrade the colonic mucosa and disrupt the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our research demonstrated that virulent parasites with an invasive phenotype display rapid, highly specific changes in their transcriptome (notably for essential factors involved in carbohydrate metabolism and the processing of glycosylated residues). Moreover, combined activation of parasite and host lytic enzymes leads to the destruction of the intestinal parenchyma. Together, these enzymes degrade the mucus layer and the ECM, and trigger the inflammatory response essential to the development of amoebiasis.

scholarly journals Comparative Pathobiology of the Intestinal Protozoan Parasites Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium parvum

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemphill ◽  
Müller ◽  
Müller
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Colon Wall ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Human Intestinal Tract

Protozoan parasites can infect the human intestinal tract causing serious diseases. In the following article, we focused on the three most prominent intestinal protozoan pathogens, namely, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium parvum. Both C. parvum and G. lamblia colonize the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and are the most common causative agents of persistent diarrhea (i.e., cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis). Entamoeba histolytica colonizes the colon and, unlike the two former pathogens, may invade the colon wall and disseminate to other organs, mainly the liver, thereby causing life-threatening amebiasis. Here, we present condensed information concerning the pathobiology of these three diseases.

scholarly journals Entamoeba histolytica-Secreted Products Degrade Colonic Mucin Oligosaccharides

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 3790-3793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy Moncada ◽  
Kathy Keller ◽  
Kris Chadee
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Parasite Invasion ◽  
Colonic Mucin

ABSTRACT Degradation of the mucus layer by Entamoeba histolytica is a prerequisite for invasion of the colonic mucosa. In this study, we demonstrate that amoeba-secreted products degrade 3H-labeled and native colonic mucin oligosaccharides independently of proteolytic activity. We conclude that E. histolytica degrades mucin oligosaccharides, which may facilitate parasite invasion of the colon.

Molecular-Based Identification of Sarcocystis hominis in Belgian Minced Beef

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1523-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. VANGEEL ◽  
K. HOUF ◽  
K. CHIERS ◽  
J. VERCRUYSSE ◽  
K. D'HERDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Sarcocystis Species ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp ◽  
Minced Beef ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Human Intestinal Tract

Sarcocystis hominis, one of the three species of Sarcocystis that cause muscular cysts in cattle, is a protozoan parasite that can infect the human intestinal tract. The objective of the present study was to develop a new molecular identification method capable of discriminating among the bovine Sarcocystis species and to apply this tool in combination with stereo-microscopy to determine the presence of Sarcocystis spp. in minced beef in Belgium, with special attention to Sarcocystis hominis. A PCR technique based on the 18S rRNA sequence and by sequencing of the amplicon was highly specific. Sequence analysis of PCR products from thick-walled cysts collected from minced beef in Belgium revealed that S. hominis was present in 97.4% of the samples. Because the consumption of raw minced beef is common in Belgium and certain other European countries, these findings may point to an underestimated risk to public health.

Scanning electron microscopy of erythrophagocytosis by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 880-881
Author(s):  
Victor Tsutsumi ◽  
Adolfo Martinez-Palomo ◽  
Kyuichi Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Scanning Electron

The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis in man. The trophozoite or motile form is a highly dynamic and pleomorphic cell with a great capacity to destroy tissues. Moreover, the parasite has the singular ability to phagocytize a variety of different live or death cells. Phagocytosis of red blood cells by E. histolytica trophozoites is a complex phenomenon related with amebic pathogenicity and nutrition.

The human intestinal tract – a hotbed of resistance gene transfer? Part I

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Salyers ◽  
Kyung Moon ◽  
David Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Human Intestinal Tract

scholarly journals Review: Research Toward Safer Resection of the Cirrhotic Liver

HPB Surgery ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. J. Moser ◽  
N. M. Kneteman ◽  
G. Y. Minuk
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hepatic Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Course ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Surgery Resection

Despite recent advances in hepatic surgery, resection of the cirrhotic liver continues to be fraught with high morbidity and mortality rates. As a result, for many patients requiring resection of HCC the postoperative course is complicated and the probability of cure is diminished by coexisting cirrhosis. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of the cirrhotic liver which make it poorly tolerant of resection and the most common complications that follow such surgery. The main purpose of this paper is to review recent attempts to identify interventions that might be beneficial to cirrhotic patients undergoing resection. These interventions include assessment of liver reserve, advances in surgical technique, and improvement in liver function and regeneration.

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