Child psychiatry: the interface between clinical and developmental research

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Child Psychiatry ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Childhood Depression ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Over Time

SynopsisDevelopmental psychopathology constitutes a research strategy that is concerned with questions about continuities and discontinuities over time (the developmental perspective) and over the span of behavioural variation (the psychopathological perspective). The utility of this approach is discussed in relation to childhood depression, autism and schizophrenia, and the effects of adverse life experiences.

Age as an Ambiguous Variable in Developmental Research: Some Epidemiological Considerations from Developmental Psychopathology

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Age Trends ◽  
Biological Maturity

Intra-individual change in behaviour with age constitutes the essential element in developmental research but, unless age is broken down into its component parts, age is devoid of meaning. The issues involved are discussed from the perspective of epidemiology as applied to developmental psychopathology. Methodological concerns are discussed with respect to continuities and discontinuities in development (with special reference to the cumulative emergence of skills and variable consistency over the life span), secular trends, and the distinction between individual and groupaggregated age trends. The different components of chronological age are considered in terms of cognitive level, different types of biological maturity, and the duration of type of life experiences. The same components are discussed with respect to the issues involved in the study of differential effects of experiences according to their timing in the developmental sequence, and maturational delay.

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Duration, Compression, Extension and Distortion of Time in Contemporary Transgender Cinema

Somatechnics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-83
Author(s):  
Akkadia Ford
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Private Life ◽  
First Century ◽  
Short Film ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Film Change

Cinema provides ‘privileged access’ ( Zubrycki 2011 ) into trans lives, recording and revealing private life experiences and moments that might never be seen, nor heard and after the time had passed, only present in memory and body for the individuals involved. Film, a temporal medium, creates theoretical issues, both in the presentation and representation of the trans body and for audiences in viewing the images. Specific narrative, stylistic and editing techniques including temporal disjunctions, may also give audiences a distorted view of trans bodily narratives that encompass a lifetime. Twenty first century cinema is simultaneously creating and erasing the somatechnical potentialities of trans. This article will explore temporal techniques in relation to recent trans cinema, comparing how three different filmmakers handle trans narratives. Drawing upon recent films including the Trans New Wave ( Ford 2014 , 2016a , 2016b ), such as the experimental animated autoethnographic short film Change Over Time (Ewan Duarte, United States, 2013), in tandem with the feature film 52 Tuesdays (Sophia Hyde, Australia, 2013), I will analyse the films as texts which show how filmmakers utilise temporality as a narrative and stylistic technique in cinematic trans narratives. These are texts where cinematic technologies converge with trans embodiment in ways that are constitutive of participants and audiences' understanding of trans lives. This analysis will be contrasted with the use of temporal displacement as a cinematic trope of negative affect, disembodiment and societal disjunction in the feature film Predestination (The Spierig Brothers, Australia, 2014), providing a further basis for scholarly critique of cinematic somatechnics in relation to the trans body.

Coping with longitudinal data in research on developmental psychopathology

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
The Third ◽  
Data Analytic ◽  
Over Time

Many outcome variables in developmental psychopathology research are highly stable over time. In conventional longitudinal data analytic approaches such as multiple regression, controlling for prior levels of the outcome variable often yields little (if any) reliable variance in the dependent variable for putative predictors to explain. Three strategies for coping with this problem are described. One involves focusing on developmental periods of transition, in which the outcome of interest may be less stable. A second is to give careful consideration to the amount of time allowed to elapse between waves of data collection. The third is to consider trait-state-occasion models that partition the outcome variable into two dimensions: one entirely stable and trait-like, the other less stable and subject to occasion-specific fluctuations.

scholarly journals Introduction to Special Section: Prosocial Development in Risky and Vulnerable Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199075
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Gustavo Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Prosocial Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Foundational Work

The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

scholarly journals Association of ADHD and Executive Functioning With Childhood Depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1368-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Fenesy ◽  
Steve S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Childhood Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Child Depression ◽  
Parent Ratings ◽  
Intervention Method ◽  
Independent Association

Objective: Despite its association with increased severity and treatment resistance, relatively little is known about the correlates of early-onset childhood depression. ADHD and executive functioning (EF) are each related to depression. Given their covariation, we tested the independent association of ADHD dimensions (i.e., inattention, hyperactivity) and EF with childhood depression using structural equation modeling to identify potential targets for intervention. Method: Participants were 225 five- to 10-year-old children (68% male) with ( n = 117) and without ( n = 108) ADHD. Youth completed laboratory assessments of EF, and parent, teacher, and youth reports of depression were gathered. Results: With control of EF and anxiety, across informants, inattention, but not hyperactivity, was positively related to child depression. EF was positively associated with depression according to parent ratings only. Conclusion: We consider the association of inattention and EF with childhood depression, including implications for intervention and prevention from a developmental psychopathology framework.

Music and Story

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-212
Author(s):  
Rena Upitis
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Classroom Learning ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Musical Elements ◽  
Over Time

This chapter describes the links between music and story, mirroring chapter 3, which investigated connections between music and movement. Daily classroom activities are presented and analyzed. A key focus is the ways in which a major performance can complement and extend classroom learning. In addition, this chapter explores the phenomenon of monotone singing, describing one child’s way of learning to sing, and brings into question the ways in which some musical elements are privileged over others. The crux of the story is that the child described in this chapter sang in a monotone voicing while, at the same time, reproducing the rhythmic patterns of songs perfectly. Over time, the pitches were shaped, by the child himself, into melody. Possible reasons for this emerging ability to sing pitches in a melodic way are discussed from a developmental perspective.

The internalization of physical constraints from a developmental perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-682
Author(s):  
Horst Krist
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Kinematic Geometry

Shepard's internalization concept is defended against Hecht's criticisms. By ignoring both Shepard's evolutionary perspective and the fact that internalization does not preclude modularization, Hecht advances inconclusive evidence. Developmental research supports Shepard's conclusion that kinematic geometry may be more deeply internalized than physical dynamics. This research also suggests that the internalization concept should be broadened to include representations acquired during ontogeny. [Hecht; Shepard]

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document