Memory complaints as a precursor of memory impairment in older people: a longitudinal analysis over 7–8 years

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. JORM ◽  
H. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
A. E. KORTEN ◽  
P. A. JACOMB ◽  
A. S. HENDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
With Memory

Background. There is considerable dispute about the validity of memory complaints. While some studies find that complaints are an early indicator of dementia or cognitive decline, there are also many studies showing that complaints are more closely associated with negative affect (depression, anxiety and neuroticism). The present paper used three-wave longitudinal data to test three hypotheses: (1) that memory complaints reflect an evaluation of present and past memory performance; (2) that memory complaints predict future memory performance; and (3) that memory complaints predict current and future negative affect.Methods. A longitudinal study was carried out with a community sample of people aged 70 and over. Participants were assessed for memory complaints, memory performance and negative affect at three waves separated by 3·6 years and 4·0 years. There were 331 persons with data on all relevant variables. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling.Results. Significant paths in the structural model were found from memory performance to future memory complaints, as well as from memory complaints to future memory performance, supporting hypotheses 1 and 2. Memory complaints were associated with current negative affect, but did not predict future negative affect.Conclusions. Memory complaints do reflect perceptions of past memory performance and are also an early manifestation of memory impairment. However, current negative affect (anxiety and depression symptoms) shows the greatest association with memory complaints.

The Gospel Oak Study stage IV: the clinical relevance of subjective memory impairment in older people

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tobiansky ◽  
R. Blizard ◽  
G. Livingston ◽  
A. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Screening Questions ◽  
Population Screen ◽  
With Memory

SYNOPSISThe prevalence rate of subjective memory impairment (SMI) and its value as a predictor of future depression or dementia was studied in a community sample of elderly residents in one electoral ward using the short-CARE. SMI was found to be common, occurring in 25% of subjects. Subjects with SMI were more likely to be suffering from either dementia or depression than those without the complaint, although 60% of subjects with SMI did not have evidence of either disorder. When followed up over a 2-year period, subjects with SMI were found to be at four-fold greater risk of developing future dementia and two-fold greater risk of developing a depression compared with those without SMI. The SMI scale was not found to be useful as a population screen for dementia or depression, although two of the nine items might have value as screening questions in clinical circumstances to determine those with memory complaints at risk for dementia.

scholarly journals Early stages of tau pathology and its associations with functional connectivity, atrophy and memory

Brain ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Berron ◽  
Jacob W Vogel ◽  
Philip S Insel ◽  
Joana B Pereira ◽  
Long Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
With Memory

Abstract In Alzheimer’s disease, postmortem studies have shown that the first cortical site where neurofibrillary tangles appear is the transentorhinal region, a subregion within the medial temporal lobe that largely overlaps with area 35, and the entorhinal cortex. Here we used tau-PET imaging to investigate the sequence of tau pathology progression within the human medial temporal lobe and across regions in the posterior-medial system. Our objective was to study how medial temporal tau is related to functional connectivity, regional atrophy, and memory performance. We included 215 β-amyloid negative cognitively unimpaired, 81 β-amyloid positive cognitively unimpaired and 87 β-amyloid positive individuals with mild cognitive impairment, who each underwent [18]F-RO948 tau and [18]F-flutemetamol amyloid PET imaging, structural T1-MRI and memory assessments as part of the Swedish BioFINDER-2 study. First, event-based modelling revealed that the entorhinal cortex and area 35 show the earliest signs of tau accumulation followed by the anterior and posterior hippocampus, area 36 and the parahippocampal cortex. In later stages, tau accumulation became abnormal in neocortical temporal and finally parietal brain regions. Second, in cognitively unimpaired individuals, increased tau load was related to local atrophy in the entorhinal cortex, area 35 and the anterior hippocampus and tau load in several anterior medial temporal lobe subregions was associated with distant atrophy of the posterior hippocampus. Tau load, but not atrophy, in these regions was associated with lower memory performance. Further, tau-related reductions in functional connectivity in critical networks between the medial temporal lobe and regions in the posterior-medial system were associated with this early memory impairment. Finally, in patients with mild cognitive impairment, the association of tau load in the hippocampus with memory performance was partially mediated by posterior hippocampal atrophy. In summary, our findings highlight the progression of tau pathology across medial temporal lobe subregions and its disease-stage specific association with memory performance. While tau pathology might affect memory performance in cognitively unimpaired individuals via reduced functional connectivity in critical medial temporal lobe-cortical networks, memory impairment in mild cognitively impaired patients is associated with posterior hippocampal atrophy.

The interplay between binge eating risk factors: Toward an integrated model

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532094780
Author(s):  
Katrin Kukk ◽  
Kirsti Akkermann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment

We aimed to assess the interplay between dietary restraint and emotion regulation (ER) difficulties as well as other well-known risk factors of binge eating in a community sample of women. Altogether 96 women (mean age 21.5 years; mean BMI 21.7) participated in the study using ecological momentary assessment. Structural equation modeling indicated that restraint and ER pathways are related yet operate independently in predicting binge eating in a unified model. ER difficulties moderated the effect of negative affect and fluctuations in negative affect in predicting binge eating while Neuroticism and preoccupation with body weight predicted binge eating indirectly.

Are depressive symptomatology and self-focused attention associated with subjective memory impairment in older adults?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhee Chin ◽  
Kyung Ja Oh ◽  
Sang Won Seo ◽  
Duk L. Na
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Complaints

ABSTRACTBackground:Subjective memory impairment (SMI) refers to conditions in which people complain of memory problems despite intact cognition. The primary purpose of the present study was to examine the roles of self-focused attention and depressive symptomatology in subjective memory complaints.Methods:One hundred and eight patients who visited a memory disorder clinic with complaints of memory decline, but who were found on subsequent neuropsychological assessment to have normal cognitive function, were recruited to participate in the study. The severity of subjective memory complaints was measured with the modified Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire. In addition, neuropsychological functions, self-focused attention, and depressive symptomatology were also assessed.Results:The results showed that the severity of SMI was not significantly correlated with any of the neuropsychological test scores except for the complex figure copy. The severity of SMI, however, was significantly correlated with self-focused attention and depressive symptomatology. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that self-focused attention and depressive symptomatology significantly contributed to the severity of subjective memory complaints over and above the neuropsychological test performance. The interaction effects between self-focused attention/depressive symptomatology and objective memory performance on the severity of SMI were not significant.Conclusions:In conclusion, self-focused attention and depressive symptomatology appear to play important roles in the severity of SMI, even though it is not clear how these factors interact with objective memory performance. Clinical implications as well as limitations of the present study were discussed.

scholarly journals Hippocampal network abnormalities explain amnesia after VGKCC-Ab related autoimmune limbic encephalitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 965-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Loane ◽  
Georgios P D Argyropoulos ◽  
Adriana Roca-Fernández ◽  
Carmen Lage ◽  
Fintan Sheerin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
With Memory

ObjectiveLimbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to components of the voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKCC-Ab-LE) often leads to hippocampal atrophy and persistent memory impairment. Its long-term impact on regions beyond the hippocampus, and the relationship between brain damage and cognitive outcome, are poorly understood. We investigated the nature of structural and functional brain abnormalities following VGKCC-Ab-LE and its role in residual memory impairment.MethodA cross-sectional group study was conducted. Twenty-four VGKCC-Ab-LE patients (20 male, 4 female; mean (SD) age 63.86 (11.31) years) were recruited post-acutely along with age- and sex-matched healthy controls for neuropsychological assessment, structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Structural abnormalities were determined using volumetry and voxel-based morphometry; rs-fMRI data were analysed to investigate hippocampal functional connectivity (FC). Associations of memory performance with neuroimaging measures were examined.ResultsPatients showed selective memory impairment. Structural analyses revealed focal hippocampal atrophy within the medial temporal lobes, correlative atrophy in the mediodorsal thalamus, and additional volume reduction in the posteromedial cortex. There was no association between regional volumes and memory performance. Instead, patients demonstrated reduced posteromedial cortico-hippocampal and inter-hippocampal FC, which correlated with memory scores (r = 0.553; r = 0.582, respectively). The latter declined as a function of time since the acute illness (r = -0.531).ConclusionVGKCC-Ab-LE results in persistent isolated memory impairment. Patients have hippocampal atrophy with further reduced mediodorsal thalamic and posteromedial cortical volumes. Crucially, reduced FC of remaining hippocampal tissue correlates more closely with memory function than does regional atrophy.

A Method for Studying the Homogeneity of Test Items with Respect to Other Relevant Variables

1985 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt Muthén
Keyword(s):  
Categorical Data ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Latent Ability ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Related Test

Drawing on recently developed methodology for structural equation modeling with categorical data, this article proposes a new approach for investigating the behavior of a set of dichotomously scored test items in relation to a set of other relevant (observed) variables. This is achieved by considering a linear structural model relating the latent ability variable to a set of observed scores. The approach gives information on hypothesized unidimensionality and homogeneity of items with respect to these other variables. Some examples are given where a set of biology anchor items is related to a set of other related test scores obtained from the examinees.

Stress, cortisol and memory as markers of serotonergic vulnerability

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim J. Riedel ◽  
Sjacko Sobczak ◽  
Nancy Nicolson ◽  
Adriaan Honig
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Acute Tryptophan Depletion ◽  
Tryptophan Depletion ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
With Memory

Objective:In the present paper the association of stress-induced cortisol with memory impairment is discussedMethods:An experiment is described in which an attempt is made to block stress-induced cortisol by lowering 5-HT neurotransmission by means of acute tryptophan depletion (ATD). Forty-five healthy control subjects participated in the experiment.Results:Stress-induced peak cortisol and immediate memory performance were negatively associated. ATD tended to block stress-induced cortisol response. ATD also blocked the association between peak cortisol response and memory impairment.Conclusions:Stress-induced cortisol and its association with memory impairment is mediated at least partially by serotonin.

scholarly journals Subjective memory complaints and concurrent memory performance in older patients of primary care providers

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
BETH E. SNITZ ◽  
LISA A. MORROW ◽  
ERIC G. RODRIGUEZ ◽  
KIMBERLY A. HUBER ◽  
JUDITH A. SAXTON
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Contrast Perception

AbstractSubjective memory complaints (SMCs) are known to be inconsistently related to current memory impairment in older adults but this association has not been well investigated in primary care provider (PCP) settings. To characterize the complexity of the relationship between SMCs and objective memory in older outpatients of PCPs, we collected neuropsychological, subjective memory, depression and medical chart data from outpatients aged 65 and older, without documented dementia diagnoses, in eleven PCP offices in and around the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. Results indicated that self-estimates of current memory ability were most strongly associated with objective memory performance; in contrast, perception of worsening memory over the past year showed no association; and specific memory-related activities were only weakly associated. Women were more likely than men to show inconsistency between SMCs and objective memory performance. Only two of the 11 most significantly memory-impaired participants endorsed SMCs and only four had PCP chart documentation of memory problems. Eliciting SMCs in non-demented older adults can be of clinical value in a PCP setting, but significant limitations of patient self-report in more memory-impaired patients underscore the need to develop brief, objective indicators of memory impairment for PCP office use when there is suspicion of decline. (JINS, 2008,14, 1004–1013.)

Absence of a relationship between subjective memory complaint and objective memory impairment in mild cognitive impairment (MCI): is it time to abandon subjective memory complaint as an MCI diagnostic criterion?

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1505-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Elizabeth Lenehan ◽  
Shannon Zofia Klekociuk ◽  
Mathew James Summers
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Memory Complaint ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaint ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackground:Subjective memory complaints are a requirement in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as they are thought to indicate a decline in objective memory performance. However, recent research suggests that the relationship between subjective memory complaint and objective memory impairment is less clear. Thus, it is possible that many people without subjective memory complaints who develop Alzheimer's disease are precluded from a diagnosis of MCI.Methods:The present study examined the relationship between subjective memory complaint assessed using the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) and objective memory impairment assessed using standard neuropsychological measures in cases of amnestic MCI (n= 48), non-amnestic MCI (n= 27), and unimpaired healthy participants (n= 64).Results:Correlational and regression analyses indicated that subjective memory complaints displayed a poor relationship with objective memory performance. A subsequent discriminant function analysis indicated that subjective memory complaints failed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of MCI and resulted in increased rates of false negative and false positive diagnoses.Conclusion:The results of the present study suggest that a diagnostic criterion of subjective memory complaint reduces the accuracy of MCI diagnosis, resulting in an elevated rate of false positive and false negative diagnoses. The results of this study in conjunction with recent research indicate that a criterion of subjective memory complaint should be discarded from emerging diagnostic criteria for MCI.

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