scholarly journals The effects of circulating testosterone and pubertal maturation on risk for disordered eating symptoms in adolescent males

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2271-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Culbert ◽  
S. A. Burt ◽  
C. L. Sisk ◽  
J. T. Nigg ◽  
K. L. Klump
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Pubertal Maturation ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Animal Data ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Disordered Eating Symptoms

BackgroundTestosterone may be a biological factor that protects males against eating disorders. Elevated prenatal testosterone exposure is linked to lower levels of disordered eating symptoms, but effects emerge only after mid-puberty. Whether circulating levels of testosterone account for decreased risk for disordered eating in boys after mid-puberty is currently unknown; however, animal data support this possibility. In rodents, prenatal testosterone's masculinizing effects on sex-differentiated behaviors emerge during puberty when circulating levels of testosterone increase and ‘activate’ the expression of masculinized phenotypes. This study investigated whether higher levels of circulating testosterone predict lower levels of disordered eating symptoms in adolescent boys, and in particular whether effects are associated with advancing pubertal maturation.MethodParticipants were 213 male twins from the Michigan State University Twin Registry. The Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire assessed several disordered eating symptoms. The Pubertal Development Scale assessed pubertal status. Afternoon saliva samples were assayed for testosterone using enzyme immunoassays.ResultsConsistent with animal data, higher levels of circulating testosterone predicted lower levels of disordered eating symptoms in adolescent boys and effects emerged with advancing puberty. Results were not accounted for by several important covariates, including age, adiposity, or mood/anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsFindings suggest that elevated circulating testosterone may be protective and underlie decreased risk for eating pathology in males during/after puberty, whereas lower levels of testosterone may increase risk and explain why some, albeit relatively few, males develop eating disorders.

Commentary on disordered eating symptoms and bariatric/metabolic surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-155
Author(s):  
Lois J Surgenor
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Bariatric Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Disordered Eating Symptoms

Objective: This article presents an argument for the rethinking of concerns around bariatric/metabolic surgery in people with disordered eating. Conclusion: Practice has usually been cautious but disordered eating and eating disorders should not be a contraindication other than exceptional cases. Further research directions are suggested.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Eating Disorders among Gifted Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. p64
Author(s):  
Sally R. Beisser ◽  
Catherine W. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Gifted Adolescents ◽  
Validated Instrument

Gifted students may experience greater risk of disordered eating, especially during adolescence, which is already a high-risk time for the development of eating disorders. In particular, the novel Covid-19 global pandemic exacerbates stress that may influence adolescents with disordered eating. This study investigated eating disorders of 33 identified gifted adolescents (77% female) in one Midwest state with an online survey using a well-validated instrument, the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), that contains subscales of eating restraint, eating concern, shape concern, and weight concern. Narrative responses were included in the data. Results indicated 20% of the gifted adolescents in this study revealed concerning responses about their weight, shape, and dietary restrictions. Voluntary comments revealed apprehension, concerns, and distress among some respondents. Recommendations are provided for teachers, parents, as well as for students themselves.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating Symptoms in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada Toni ◽  
Maria Berioli ◽  
Laura Cerquiglini ◽  
Giulia Ceccarini ◽  
Ursula Grohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Disordered Eating Symptoms

Genetic Influences on Eating and the Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 102-122
Author(s):  
Tracey D. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Current State ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Eating Practices

The current chapter reviews our progress in understanding how genes influence eating and eating disorders (EDs) by addressing the following areas: (1) how recognition of genetic influences on eating and EDs emerged; (2) the complex nature of genetic action; (3) what twin studies can tell us about genetic influences; and (4) the current state of linkage and association studies. It is concluded that genes are an important part of the explanatory framework for the etiology of EDs, with an important contribution of the shared environment to the development of cognition and attitudes that may initiate disordered eating practices, and a critical contribution of the environment in providing a context within which genetic risk is more likely to be expressed. We currently have a limited understanding of the specific genes that are implicated, and the ways in which genes and the environment work together to increase risk for disordered eating.

Ascertaining an efficient eligibility cut-off for extended Medicare items for eating disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 103985622110286
Author(s):  
Tracey Wade ◽  
Jamie-Lee Pennesi ◽  
Yuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
True Positive Rate ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Currently eligibility for expanded Medicare items for eating disorders (excluding anorexia nervosa) require a score ⩾ 3 on the 22-item Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q). We compared these EDE-Q “cases” with continuous scores on a validated 7-item version of the EDE-Q (EDE-Q7) to identify an EDE-Q7 cut-off commensurate to 3 on the EDE-Q. Methods: We utilised EDE-Q scores of female university students ( N = 337) at risk of developing an eating disorder. We used a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the relationship between the true-positive rate (sensitivity) and the false-positive rate (1-specificity) of cases ⩾ 3. Results: The area under the curve showed outstanding discrimination of 0.94 (95% CI: .92–.97). We examined two specific cut-off points on the EDE-Q7, which included 100% and 87% of true cases, respectively. Conclusion: Given the EDE-Q cut-off for Medicare is used in conjunction with other criteria, we suggest using the more permissive EDE-Q7 cut-off (⩾2.5) to replace use of the EDE-Q cut-off (⩾3) in eligibility assessments.

Celebrity influence on body image and eating disorders: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532098831
Author(s):  
Zoe Brown ◽  
Marika Tiggemann
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Appearance Comparison

Celebrities are well-known individuals who receive extensive public and media attention. There is an increasing body of research on the effect of celebrities on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Yet, there has been no synthesis of the research findings. A systematic search for research articles on celebrities and body image or eating disorders resulted in 36 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Overall, the qualitative, correlational, big data, and experimental methodologies used in these studies demonstrated that exposure to celebrity images, appearance comparison, and celebrity worship are associated with maladaptive consequences for individuals’ body image.

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