Non-suicidal self-injury prevalence, course, and association with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in two large, representative samples of US Army soldiers

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (09) ◽  
pp. 1470-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna J. Turner ◽  
Evan M. Kleiman ◽  
Matthew K. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Army Soldiers ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

AbstractBackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) prospectively predicts suicidal thoughts and behaviors in civilian populations. Despite high rates of suicide among US military members, little is known about the prevalence and course of NSSI, or how NSSI relates to suicidal thoughts and behaviors, in military personnel.MethodsWe conducted secondary analyses of two representative surveys of active-duty soldiers (N = 21 449) and newly enlisted soldiers (N = 38 507) from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS).ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of NSSI is 6.3% (1.2% 12-month prevalence) in active-duty soldiers and 7.9% (1.3% 12-month prevalence) in new soldiers. Demographic risk factors for lifetime NSSI include female sex, younger age, non-Hispanic white ethnicity, never having married, and lower educational attainment. The association of NSSI with temporally primary internalizing and externalizing disorders varies by service history (new v. active-duty soldiers) and gender (men v. women). In both active-duty and new soldiers, NSSI is associated with increased odds of subsequent onset of suicidal ideation [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.66–1.81] and suicide attempts (adjusted OR = 2.02–2.43), although not with the transition from ideation to attempt (adjusted OR = 0.92–1.36). Soldiers with a history of NSSI are more likely to have made multiple suicide attempts, compared with soldiers without NSSI.ConclusionsNSSI is prevalent among US Army soldiers and is associated with significantly increased odds of later suicidal thoughts and behaviors, even after NSSI has resolved. Suicide risk assessments in military populations should screen for history of NSSI.

scholarly journals Structural brain alterations associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors in young people: results across 21 international studies from the ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours consortium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. van Velzen ◽  
Maria R. Dauvermann ◽  
Lejla Colic ◽  
Luca M. Villa ◽  
Hannah S. Savage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Frontal Pole ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

AbstractObjectiveIdentifying brain differences associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in young people is critical to understanding their development and generating effective approaches to early intervention and prevention. The ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium analyzed neuroimaging data harmonized across sites to examine brain morphology associated with STBs in youth.MethodsFirst, we examined associations among regional brain structure and STBs, which were assessed in six samples of youth with mood disorders, using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS; N=577). Second, we combined this sample with a larger sample (total 21 sites) in which STBs were assessed using various instruments. MRI metrics were compared among healthy controls without STBs (HC; N=688), clinical controls without STBs (CC; N=648), and young people with psychiatric diagnoses and current suicidal ideation (N=406). In separate analyses, MRI metrics were compared among HCs (N=335), CCs (N=768), and suicide attempters (N=254).ResultsIn the homogeneous C-SSRS sample, surface area of the frontal pole was lower in young people with mood disorders and history of actual suicide attempts (N=163) than those without (N=394; FDR-p<.001; Cohen’s d=.334). When expanding to more clinically heterogeneous samples, we also found lower surface area of the frontal pole in those with a history of suicide attempts (Cohen’s d=.22).ConclusionsLower frontal pole surface area may represent a vulnerability for a suicide attempt; however, more research is needed to understand the nature of its relationship to suicide risk.

Differences in Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Three Racial Groups

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Ammerman ◽  
Martha K. Fahlgren ◽  
Kristen M. Sorgi ◽  
Michael S. McCloskey
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Despite being a major public health concern, it is unclear how suicidal thoughts and behaviors differentially impact separate racial groups. Aims: The aim of the current study was to examine the occurrence of nonlethal suicide events, in addition to suicide attempt characteristics and factors contributing to suicide attempts. Method: A final sample of 7,094 undergraduates from a large northeastern university, identifying as members of three racial groups (White [67.30%], Black [17.30%], and Asian [15.40%]), completed online questionnaires. Results: White participants reported increased likelihood of endorsing lifetime suicidal ideation and plan, whereas Black participants reported decreased likelihood of these events; no differences were found in rates of lifetime suicide attempts. Black participants' suicidal behavior may involve greater ambivalence of intent. A higher proportion of Asian participants endorsed interpersonal factors as contributing to their suicide attempts, whereas a greater percentage of White participants reported internal contributing factors. Limitations: Findings are limited by the sample size and assessment of lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Conclusion: The findings present a more nuanced look at attitudes and actions related to suicidal thoughts and behaviors that may inform future research and risk assessment procedures.

Association Between Lifetime Headache and History of Suicide Attempts in the Elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Calati ◽  
P. Courtet ◽  
J. Norton ◽  
K. Ritchie ◽  
S. Artero
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

AbstractBackgroundPain-related conditions have been reported to play a key role among risk factors for suicide. Headache in particular has been repeatedly associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The aims of this study were: 1) to assess the association between lifetime headache (both non-migrainous headache and migraine) and lifetime suicide attempts (SA); 2) to differentiate, within subjects with lifetime SA, patients with and without lifetime headache in terms of socio-demographic and clinical features.MethodsWe studied 1965 subjects from a cohort of community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and over without dementia (the ESPRIT study), divided in two groups: those with (n = 75), and those without a lifetime SA (n = 1890). Logistic regression analyses were used to compare these groups according to lifetime headache status.ResultsAfter adjusting for gender, living alone, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and depressive, manic/hypomanic and anxiety disorders, lifetime headache frequency was significantly higher in subjects with a lifetime SA compared with controls (OR = 1.92 [1.17–3.15]). Additionally, different factors were identified as being associated with lifetime SA in participants with lifetime headache (female gender, a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insomnia, lifetime major depression) versus participants without headache (glycemia and lifetime major depression).ConclusionsLifetime headache was associated with lifetime SA. Subjects who are women and report the co-occurrence of headache and insomnia as well as lifetime major depression require higher attention and a careful screening for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Frequency and functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Associations with suicidal thoughts and behaviors

2015 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Paul ◽  
Aliona Tsypes ◽  
Laura Eidlitz ◽  
Carrie Ernhout ◽  
Janis Whitlock
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Psychosocial and Clinical Predictors of Attempted Suicide, Hopelessness and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents on Venlafaxine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Salman ◽  
Fahad Hassan Shah ◽  
Jawaria Idrees ◽  
Ameerzada Khan ◽  
Muniba Tariq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Parental Marriage ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Suicide and self-harm are very common among adolescents, especially females in western and Asian countries. The Psychosocial predictors, along with hopelessness and non-suicidal harm, have not been studied properly before. Therefore, there is a need to address these issues. The objective of the study was to ascertain the psychosocial and clinical features predicting suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents with major depression in Pakistan. The Methodology comprised of Adolescent patients (n = 121) with major depressive disorder who were hospitalized in the LRH (Lady Reading Hospital), Peshawar. The patient&rsquo;s clinical symptoms, family role (family responsibilities), quality of life, physical health and relationship with friends and family members were evaluated. Participants&rsquo; suicidal thoughts and behaviors and NSSI (self-inflicted, deliberate self-harm with no intent of suicide) were analyzed and assessed during hospitalization and followed up for 28 weeks. Poor family functions, as well as family problems and social problems, were the causative agents for adolescent&rsquo;s high suicidality and non-suicidal self-harm. A history of Non-suicidal self-harm treatment is a clinical marker for suicidality. The previous suicidal attempts should be evaluated in depressed juvenile patients as indicators of future suicidal intent and behavior. Both suicidal and NSSI during the therapy and after treatment persisted in depressed adolescents who participated in the study. Major causes of suicide among our study participants were lost friend(s), drug abuse, living alone or not living with the family, disturbed parental marriage, sexual abuse, and other domestic problems.

A Qualitative Investigation of Barriers to Seeking Treatment for Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Army Soldiers with a Deployment History

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
Abby Adler ◽  
Shari Jager-Hyman ◽  
Gregory K. Brown ◽  
Tanya Singh ◽  
Sadia Chaudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Army Soldiers ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

scholarly journals Association of Self-Compassion With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors and Non-suicidal Self Injury: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Suh ◽  
Jisun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Objectives: Self-compassion functions as a psychological buffer in the face of negative life experiences. Considering that suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are often accompanied by intense negative feelings about the self (e.g., self-loathing, self-isolation), self-compassion may have the potential to alleviate these negative attitudes and feelings toward oneself. This meta-analysis investigated the associations of self-compassion with STBs and NSSI.Methods: A literature search finalized in August 2020 identified 18 eligible studies (13 STB effect sizes and seven NSSI effect sizes), including 8,058 participants. Two studies were longitudinal studies, and the remainder were cross-sectional studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using CMA 3.0. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and publication bias analyses were conducted to probe potential sources of heterogeneity.Results: With regard to STBs, a moderate effect size was found for self-compassion (r = −0.34, k = 13). Positively worded subscales exhibited statistically significant effect sizes: self-kindness (r = −0.21, k = 4), common humanity (r = −0.20, k = 4), and mindfulness (r = −0.15, k = 4). For NSSI, a small effect size was found for self-compassion (r = −0.29, k = 7). There was a large heterogeneity (I2 = 80.92% for STBs, I2 = 86.25% for NSSI), and publication bias was minimal. Subgroup analysis results showed that sample characteristic was a moderator, such that a larger effect size was witnessed in clinical patients than sexually/racially marginalized individuals, college students, and healthy-functioning community adolescents.Conclusions: Self-compassion was negatively associated with STBs and NSSI, and the effect size of self-compassion was larger for STBs than NSSI. More evidence is necessary to gauge a clinically significant protective role that self-compassion may play by soliciting results from future longitudinal studies or intervention studies.

scholarly journals The DSM-5 nonsuicidal self-injury disorder among incoming college students: Prevalence and associations with 12-month mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Kiekens ◽  
Penelope Hasking ◽  
Laurence Claes ◽  
Philippe Mortier ◽  
Randy P. Auerbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

scholarly journals Autonomic correlates of lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adolescents with a history of depression

2019 ◽  
pp. e13378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yang ◽  
Shimrit Daches ◽  
Charles J. George ◽  
Enikő Kiss ◽  
Krisztina Kapornai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors ◽  
History Of Depression
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