Herbicide Performance in Flue-Cured Tobacco

Weed control performance of several herbicides, their effects on tobacco(Nicotiana tabacumL.), and two methods of soil incorporation were studied in North Carolina in 1967 and 1968. Herbicides which gave acceptable weed control without injuring tobacco or lowering its quality were 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,Ndipropylaniline (nitralin),1,1,4-trimethyl-6-isopropyl-5-indanyl ethyl ketone (D-497), methyl ester of 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben),N-butyl-N-ethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine (benefin),S-propyl butylethylthiocarbamate (pebulate),S-propyl dipropylthiiocarbamate (vernolate),N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide (diphenamid), dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA), 2,3,5-trichloro-4-pyridinol (pyriclor), and 2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide (R-7465). Soil incorporation of benefin, pebulate, and benefin + vernolate with a power-driven rotary cultivator gave superior weed control compared to incorporation by discing four times. Significant early-season stunting of tobacco plants was observed both years in plots where benefin (1.12 or 2.25 lb/A), benefin + vernolate (0.75 + 1.5 lb/A), or benefin + pebulate (1.12 + 4.0 lb/A) was incorporated by discing. No stunting was observed where incorporation was with the rotary cultivator except for benefin at 2.25 lb/A. Neither yield nor quality of the crop was reduced.

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Weed Control by Alachlor and Residues in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) and Soil

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500069587 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 567-571 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nancy D. Herman ◽

Thomas J. Monaco ◽

T. Jack Sheets

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Weed Control ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Potato Root ◽

Sweet Potatoes ◽

Early Season ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Residue Levels

Alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] at 3.4 and 6.7 kg/ha controlled weeds present in sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatasL. ‘Jewel’, ‘Centennial’, ‘Caromex’) at two locations in North Carolina. Yield was not reduced from slight early season injury observed with the herbicide treatments. Most sweet potato root samples contained less than the detectable limit of 0.05 ppmw of alachlor. At one location, samples of the cultivars Jewel and Centennial that received 6.7 kg/ha contained 0.06 and 0.05 ppmw, respectively. Averaged over locations, residue levels in soil samples from plots treated at 6.7 kg/ha decreased from 1.55 ppmw initially to less than 0.05 ppmw by 16 weeks after application.

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Influence of Mulch, Tillage, and Diphenamid on Weed Control, Yield, and Quality in No-Till Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500067783 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 738-744 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Donn G. Shilling ◽

A. Douglas Worsham ◽

David A. Danehower

Keyword(s):

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Weed Control ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Weed Interference ◽

Greenhouse Study ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

No Till ◽

Small Grains

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various densities of four fall-seeded small grain mulches and diphenamid (N,N-dimethyl-α-phenyl benzeneacetamide) on weed control, yield, and quality in no-till flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL. ‘McNair 944’). A greenhouse study investigated the effects of non-soil-incorporated mulch from the same small grains plus alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) on various growth parameters of tobacco (‘Speight G-70’). None of the mulches used in the greenhouse study adversely affected growth of the tobacco. Mulch from rye (Secale cerealeL. ‘Abruzzi’) killed about 2 weeks before transplanting plus diphenamid provided better annual broadleaf weed control (85%) than wheat (Triticum aestivumL. ‘McNair’), barley (Hordeum vulgareL. ‘Keowee’), and no mulch. Oat (Avena sativaL. ‘Brooks’) mulch resulted in 80% broadleaf weed control. There were no differences in annual grass control (which was short lived) among mulches but control was lower in the no-mulch treatment. Rye mulch resulted in a 22% increase in the control of broadleaf weeds compared to no-mulch. Yield of the no-till tobacco did not differ among mulches and averaged 82% of that conventionally grown. The quality was not affected. The rye mulch did not affect the yield or quality of tobacco when compared to a nonmulch, noncultivated treatment. The 18% decrease in the no-till yield was apparently the result of the lack of tillage and increased weed interference and was not due to adverse effects from the rye.

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The effect of manganese on tobacco leaf quality and on the inorganic cation levels of tobacco

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9700118 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (42) ◽

pp. 118 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

AD Johnson ◽

RW Knowlton

Keyword(s):

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Calcium Concentration ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Manganese Content ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Leaf Quality ◽

Tobacco Leaf ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Inorganic Cation

In a series of field and pot experiments, quality of cured leaf of tobacco plants Nicotiana tabacum, was adversely affected by increasing leaf levels of manganese. The quality decline manifested itself as a leaf 'greying' effect. Leaf manganese concentrations were readily increased by either foliar or substrate application of manganese. The increase in leaf manganese content was associated with a significant increase in potassium concentration and a significant decrease in calcium concentration in leaves. Sodium and magnesium leaf concentrations were not greatly affected by manganese. It is suggested that the decline in cured leaf quality was associated primarily with a change in the K : Ca : Mg ratio, which occurred at relatively low concentrations of manganese in the leaves. The results of this investigation indicate that the use of manganese-based fungicide sprays could cause a further quality decline of tobacco produced on soils containing high levels of exchangeable manganese.

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Herbicide Activity in Close-spaced, Pickling Cucumbers

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500078711 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 545-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

T. J. Monaco ◽

C. H. Miller

Keyword(s):

Methyl Ester ◽

Weed Control ◽

Cucumis Sativus ◽

Control Performance ◽

Crop Injury ◽

Pickling Cucumbers ◽

Herbicide Activity

The response of close-spaced, pickling cucumbers(Cucumis sativusL.) to preplant incorporation treatments ofO,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide (bensulide),N-butyl-N-ethyl α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine (benefin), and dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) and preemergence applications of 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin) and the methyl ester of 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (chloramben) has been evaluated over a 2-year period. DCPA and nitralin gave the best overall weed control, while benefin and the methyl ester of chloramben were less effective in controlling weeds. The poorest weed control performance was observed with bensulide. Nitralin, DCPA, benefin, and the methyl ester of chloramben caused crop injury if leaching rains followed application. Despite early herbicide injury, yields were usually not adversely affected.

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Evaluation of Alternatives for Early Season Tobacco Budworm Control in Large Plots in Southern North Carolina, 1994

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/20.1.192a ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 192-192

Author(s):

J. S. Bacheler ◽

D. W. Mott

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Weed Control ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Sandy Loam Soil ◽

Tobacco Budworm ◽

Single Application ◽

Early Season ◽

Agronomic Practices ◽

Loam Soil ◽

High Clearance

Abstract Cotton was planted on 10 May in a Norfolk sandy loam soil near Gibson, NC. Recommended agronomic practices for fertility and weed control were followed and 0.75 lb (AI)/acre Temik 15G was used at planting for thrips. A RCBD with 5 replicates, and 12-row (40 inch centers) × 1,900 ft plots were utilized. Treatments were applied with a John Deere* high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 8.0 gpa at 60 psi. The single application was made on 23 Jun. Fifty terminals and squares per plot were inspected for damage and live budworms and ten, 25-sweep samples were taken per plot with a standard 15 inch diam net for budworms on 28 Jun. Data were subjected to ANOVA and DMRT.

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Effect of interaction between Phytophthora nicotianae and Meloidogyne spp. on the productivity and quality of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum)

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. 1179-1192

Author(s):

Diana M. Vanegas-Villa ◽

Rafael A. Navarro-Álzate ◽

Lucia Afanador-Kafuri ◽

Jaime A. Gutiérrez-Monsalve ◽

Juan G. Morales-Osorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Black Shank ◽

Leaf Quality ◽

Physical And Chemical Quality ◽

Physical And Chemical

Summary Black shank disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae is the most devastating pathology in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). In Colombia, an increase in the severity of P. nicotianae has been reported when parasitic nematodes are active in tobacco plants. The main objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity, leaf quality and interaction between P. nicotianae (Races 0 and 1) with Meloidogyne spp. on tobacco plants in samples collected in 15 farms of Colombia. To quantify the interaction between both pathogens, variables such as plant survival, index of pathogenicity, and chemical and physical quality of the leaves were measured. Within a confidence level of 95% there is evidence of a positive synergistic effect between Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica and P. nicotianae (Races 0 and 1) in a variety-dependent manner. For ‘ICA Servita’ the variables of index of pathogenicity, of root-knots and fresh weight of root, reduced the leaf price because of the interaction. For ‘K346’, Race 0 of P. nicotianae apparently reduced the pathogenicity of M. javanica in contrast to P. nicotianae Race 1. In addition, ‘ICA Servita’ and ‘K346’ showed susceptibility to nematodes. At the end of the harvest of ‘ICA Servita’, the interaction caused a considerable decrease in the physical and chemical quality of tobacco leaves, resulting in lower weight and number of leaves, affecting the price of tobacco in the market with reductions of more than 50%. Plant mortality of ‘ICA Servita’ and ‘K346’ was 50 and 60%, respectively, in interactions with both pathogens.

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Black Polyethylene Tunnel Covers Affect Plant Production and Quality of Sweetpotato Transplants

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.2.202 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 202-204

Author(s):

D.R. La Bonte ◽

A.Q. Villordon ◽

J.R. Schultheis ◽

D.W. Monks

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Growing Season ◽

Plant Production ◽

Ground Control ◽

Bare Ground ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Early Season ◽

Late Season

The influence of a black polyethylene tunnel cover (BTC) was evaluated for its effect on quantity and quality of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] transplants in plant beds in Louisiana and North Carolina. Use of BTC increased production of `Beauregard' transplants from 63% to 553% in comparison with the bare ground control. `Jewel' was less responsive; BTC treatments increased transplant production by at least 48% in Louisiana over the bare ground control, but no increase was observed in North Carolina. Individual transplant weight was at least 34% less in BTC treatments than in the control. The first harvest of cuttings in BTC beds was at least 14 days prior to that in control beds. Transplant quality was assessed as yield of storage roots in repeated trials that extended throughout the normal growing season. Yield of storage roots was not affected by BTC in early season plantings, but was frequently lower for BTC treatment transplants in middle and late season plantings. We therefore do not recommend this method as a means of increasing sweetpotato plant production from bedded roots.

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