Influence of Crop Canopy, Weed Maturity, and Rainfall on Acifluorfen Activity

In greenhouse studies, control of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifoliaL. ♯ AMBEL) and common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr. ♯ XANPE) was achieved whether or not soybeans [Glycine maxL. (Merr.) ‘Ransom’] partially shielded the weeds from foliar applications of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid}. Excellent control (> 90%) of common ragweed was obtained in the greenhouse 2 and 4 weeks after plant emergence. Best control (> 90%) of common cocklebur was obtained 2 weeks after plant emergence. A simulated rainfall of 0.6 cm occurring 1 min after acifluorfen application did not decrease control or fresh weight of common ragweed in greenhouse studies. The weed control efficiency of acifluorfen on common cocklebur was reduced when the herbicide was applied intermittently within 6 h of the 0.6-cm simulated rainfall. The weed control efficiency of acifluorfen on both weed species was also reduced when the herbicide was applied intermittently within 6 to 12 h of a 1.3-cm simulated rainfall in greenhouse studies. In field studies, 2.5 cm of simulated rainfall within 12 to 24 h after acifluorfen application reduced control of common ragweed.

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Weed control efficiency and productivity in rice-fish-duck integrated farming system

Indian Journal of Fisheries ◽

10.21077/ijf.2020.67.3.94309-07 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Prafulla Kumar Nayak ◽

Bipin Bihari Panda ◽

Sunil Kumar Das ◽

Koroda R Rao ◽

Upendra Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Wiener Index ◽

Integrated System ◽

Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽

Rice Farming ◽

Weed Species ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Weed Control Efficiency ◽

Rice Fish

Rice farming integrated with fish and ducks potentially provides ecological services and supports effective management of weeds which cause rice yield losses due to growth competitiveness with the available resources and productivity. Present study investigated the efficacy of integrating fish and duck in rice farming for controlling weed infestations and their impacts on productivity and economics of the system. Appraisal on diversity of weeds indicated that grassy weeds (Echinochola colona, Echinochola crusgalli) and sedges (Cyperus difformis, Cyperus iria, Fimbristylis miliacea) were prevalent in rice during tillering stages, while broad leaf (Ludwigia adscendens, Sphenoclea zeylanica) and aquatic weeds (Marsilia quadrifolia, Otellia alismoides, Vallisneria spiralis, Limnophila indica, Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrilla verticillata) were abundant during active tillering and panicle initiation stages of rice. A significant reduction in weed density and weed biomass was observed in rice-fish (RF), rice-duck (RD) and rice-fish - duck (RFD) integration. However, weed control efficiency (WCE %) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in RFD. The weed biodiversity in terms of species richness (Simpson’s index) and species diversity (Shannon-Wiener index) decreased significantly, while Pielou evenness community index increased in RFD, signifying weed community composition was highly diversified with reduction of formerly dominant weed species. Rice agronomic characteristics, productivity and economic returns were higher in integrated system indicating over all improvements in ecology and productivity. Better growth of fishes accrued with RFD integrated system, possibly, due to the better nutrient availability. Thus, fish and duck can be used as bio-control agents for weed management in rice farming for enhancing productivity in areas where application of chemical herbicides may be partially or totally eliminated in transplanted lowland system.

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Weed Control in Christmas Trees with Flumioxazin and Other Residual Herbicides Applied Alone or in Tank Mixtures

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/hortsci.19.1.181 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 181-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Robert J. Richardson ◽

Bernard H. Zandstra

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Conyza Canadensis ◽

Weed Species ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Fraser Fir ◽

Blue Spruce ◽

Christmas Trees ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

Tree Injury

Four studies were conducted from 2001 to 2004 in Michigan to determine Christmas tree tolerance and weed control with flumioxazin and other herbicide treatments. In Study 1, fraser fir (Abies fraseri) leader length was greater with fall-applied flumioxazin (0.38 lb/acre) than with halosulfuron (0.21 lb/acre), isoxaben (1 lb/acre), oxyfluorfen (1 lb/acre), simazine (2 lb/acre), or sulfentrazone (0.5 lb/acre). Flumioxazin applied in the fall provided preemergent control of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), field violet (Viola arvensis), and hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana) 79% to 98% the following summer. Preemergence weed control with the other herbicides was more variable. In Study 2, fraser fir treated in the spring with oxyfluorfen had the shortest leader length (terminal stem growth of the current growing season) at 4.3 inches. Trees treated in the spring with flumioxazin, isoxaben, simazine, and sulfentrazone had leader lengths of 6.7 to 8.7 inches. Flumioxazin applied preemergence in the spring controlled common ragweed 80%, but controlled field violet, hoary alyssum, and white campion (Silene alba) only 43% to 64%. In Study 3, fall-applied flumioxazin alone did not injure colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens). However, mixtures of flumioxazin plus pendimethalin (3 lb/acre) caused 5% and 6% tree injury at 6 months after treatment (MAT) and sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin caused 9% and 23% injury at 6 MAT in 2003 and 2004, and 52% injury at 9 MAT in 2004. There was no significant injury to the trees treated with isoxaben plus pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen plus pendimethalin, or simazine plus pendimethalin in 2003 and 2004. Leader length was reduced by sulfentrazone plus pendimethalin compared with flumioxazin plus pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen plus pendimethalin. Flumioxazin plus pendimethalin provided 84% to 88% preemergence control of annual grasses, common catsear (Hypochoeris radicata), horseweed (Conyza canadensis), and virginia pepperweed (Lepidium virginicum). In Study 4, spring-applied mixtures of flumioxazin plus pendimethalin resulted in minor (2%–10%) visual injury to colorado blue spruce, although leader length at the end of the season did not differ significantly from the control. In summary, flumioxazin controlled several weed species with acceptable selectivity in colorado blue spruce and fraser fir Christmas trees.

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Effect of Herbicide in Controlling Broadleaf and Sedge Weeds in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v13i2.26588 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 54-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M M Kamrozzaman ◽

M A H Khan ◽

S Ahmed ◽

A F M Ruhul Quddus

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Weed Species ◽

Wheat Field ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Weed Control Efficiency ◽

Hand Weeding

The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of herbicide for controlling of weeds in wheat field at FSRD Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with five replications. There were four treatments viz. U46D fluid, ronstar 25 EC, one hand weeding and control (no weeding). Seven weed species were found in the plots and Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Chenopodium album were the most important weed species. Weed density and dry weight were affected significantly by different treatments. The highest weed dry weight was obtained in control while the lowest dry weight and the highest weed control efficiency were obtained from ronstar 25EC@1 ml/liter water against all types of weed species. Weed control efficiencies of ronstar 25EC against broad leaf, sedge and grass were 92, 86 and 64 %, respectively over control. The lowest weed control efficiency was obtained from one hand weeding treatment, which might be due to lack of proper weeding. Ronstar 25EC produced the highest grain (4.33 t/ha) and straw yields (4.38 t/ha) which were statistically identical to those of U46D fluid. The highest harvest index (49.71%) was found in ronstar 25EC and the lowest (41.89%) was obtained in control. The highest benefit cost ratio (2.30) was obtained from ronstar 25EC that was much higher than hand weeding (1.69). The lowest BCR (1.58) was recorded from the control. It was concluded that herbicide could be a viable alternative of manual weed control practices in wheat cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v13i2.26588The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 54-61

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Preemergence Weed Control in Conventional-Till Corn (Zea mays) with RPA 201772

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00046054 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 471-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bryan G. Young ◽

Stephen E. Hart ◽

F. William Simmons

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Weed Control ◽

Chenopodium Album ◽

Field Studies ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Xanthium Strumarium ◽

Weed Species ◽

Common Waterhemp ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Giant Foxtail

Field studies were conducted at Dekalb, Urbana, and Brownstown, IL, in 1996 and 1997 to evaluate corn (Zea mays) injury and weed control from preemergence applications of RPA 201772 alone and tank-mixed with metolachlor, atrazine, or both. No significant corn injury from RPA 201772 was observed at any time for all experiments. Giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) control at 60 days after treatment (DAT) was variable and ranged from 47 to 93% for RPA 201772 applied alone at 105 g ai/ ha. Giant foxtail control of at least 90% was observed by applying metolachlor at 1,120 g ai/ha with 105 g/ha RPA 201772. The addition of atrazine at either 1,120 or 1,680 g ai/ha improved control of giant foxtail compared with RPA 201772 applied alone at 105 g/ha in two of the six studies. RPA 201772 applied at 105 g/ha controlled at least 88% of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum), and smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus). RPA 201772 controlled 88% or less of common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), and common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Control of these three species was 92% or greater with RPA 201772 plus atrazine. Control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) was at least 96% with RPA 201772 applied alone at any rate in four of the six studies. However, common lambsquarters control was 68 and 77% for RPA 201772 applied alone at 105 g/ha at Urbana and Brownstown in 1997, respectively, where high common lambsquarters densities were prevalent. Under these conditions, the addition of atrazine to RPA 201772 at 105 g/ha improved control of common lambsquarters. RPA 201772 has excellent potential to provide consistent control of velvetleaf compared with atrazine. In contrast, these studies indicate RPA 201772 may provide inconsistent control of certain weed species in different environments. In order to achieve consistent control of a broad spectrum of weed species, RPA 201772 must be combined with other herbicides.

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Optimization of Herbicide Teana 9 EC Dose for Controlling Weeds in Brinjal

Bangladesh Agronomy Journal ◽

10.3329/baj.v18i1.25578 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 113-119

Author(s):

SK Paul ◽

S Mazumder ◽

TA Mujahidi ◽

SK Roy ◽

S Kundu

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Labor Cost ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Weed Species ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Weed Control Efficiency

An experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during the rabi season of 2013-2014 to find out the optimum dose of herbicide (Teana 9 EC) to control weeds in brinjal field for getting higher yield. Six treatments, viz.: (i) Teana 9 EC @ 750 ml ha-1 spraying on 15 DAS and 45 DAS, (ii) Teana 9EC @1000 ml ha-1 spraying on 15 DAS and 45 DAS, (iii) Teana 9EC @ 1250 ml ha-1 spraying on 15 DAS and 45 DAS, (iv) Teana 9EC @ 1500 ml ha-1 spraying on 15 DAS and 45 DAS, (v) two hand weddings, and (vi) no weeding (control) were used in the experiment. Among the weed species, Bathua (Chenopdium album), Durba (Cynodon dactylon), Anguli (Digitaria sanguinalis), Helencha (Jussiaea repens), Hatishur (Heliotropium indicum), Shama (Echinochola crusgalli), Swetlomy (Gnaphalium japonicum), Mutha (Cyperus rotundus), Shaknote (Amaranthus viridis), Gaicha (Paspalum commersonii), Chapra (Eleusine indica), Bon Masur (Vicia sativa) were found dominant in wheat field. The result showed that the highest dry weight of weeds at 30 and 60 DAS were 12.24 and 24.12 gm-2 in control plot, whereas the lowest weed dry weight was observed in two hand weedings. The maximum weed control efficiency over control both at 30 and 60 DAS were 79.41 and 74.32%, respectively in the treatment with two hand weedings. The highest number of fruits plant-1, single fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm) and yield (t ha-1) was found in the treatment having two hand weedings and the lowest in no weeding (control). Though the weed control efficiency (WCE) was the highest in the treatment with two hand weedings due to higher labor cost but the maximum benefit cost ratio was the highest when Teana 9EC @ 1500 ml/ha was sprayed two times on 15 and 45 DAS.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2015, 18(1): 113-119

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Responses of Ten Weed Species to Microwave Radiation Exposure as Affected by Plant Size1

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-36.1.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 14-20

Author(s):

Aman Rana ◽

Jeffrey F. Derr

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Microwave Radiation ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Cyperus Esculentus ◽

Weed Species ◽

Convolvulus Arvensis ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽

Yellow Nutsedge ◽

Pitted Morningglory

Abstract There is interest in alternative weed control methods to herbicide use, especially among those interested in organic approaches. The use of microwave radiation as a weed control method appears to be a good alternative because it does not produce chemical residues in the environment. A study was conducted to determine the impact of plant age on weed control using microwave radiation. Ten weed species, representing monocots and dicots, were selected for this study: southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler), dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.), false green kyllinga (Kyllinga gracillima Miquel), fragrant flatsedge (Cyperus odoratus L.), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa L.), henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.). In general, weed species become more tolerant of microwave treatments as they increased in size, as 8 to 10 week-old plants were injured less than 4 to 6 week-old plants. Most grass species regrew when treated at 90 and 180 joules.cm−2 of microwave radiation. Pitted morningglory and common ragweed showed the highest susceptibility to microwave radiation among all treated weed species. The increase in a weed's biomass over time probably increases the amount of microwave radiation necessary for heating samples to the thermal threshold required for control. Index words: Nonchemical control, microwave, weed age, weed maturity, thermal weed control. Species used in this study: southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler); dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.); false green kyllinga (Kyllinga gracillima Miquel); fragrant flatsedge (Cyperus odoratus L.); yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.); common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.); white clover (Trifolium repens L.); pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa L.); henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.); field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.).

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Dynamics of Clomazone Formulations Combined with Sulfentrazone in Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) Straw

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11090854 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 854

Author(s):

Leandro Tropaldi ◽

Caio A. Carbonari ◽

Ivana Paula F. S. de Brito ◽

Ana Karollyna A. de Matos ◽

Carolina P. de Moraes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Weed Control ◽

Large Percentage ◽

Simulated Rainfall ◽

Saccharum Spp ◽

Conventional Formulation ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Weed Control Efficiency ◽

Accumulated Rainfall

Herbicide formulations can alter the herbicide performance, affecting the application safety and weed control efficiency. Thus, the objective of this work was to compare the dynamics of clomazone herbicide applied single and combined with sulfentrazone on sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) straw. Laminated polypropylene containers filled with sugarcane straw (10 t ha−1) were subjected to two clomazone formulations (microencapsulated and conventional formulations; 1200 g ha−1) applied single or combined with sulfentrazone (600 g ha−1) with four replications, and the experiment was duplicated. The application was performed indoors with an automated sprayer. After application, accumulated rainfall depths (0, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 mm) on the treated containers were simulated soon after the herbicide applications, and the percolated waters were subsequently collected for herbicide quantification by chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The microencapsulated formulation of clomazone applied single or combined with sulfentrazone enabled the recovery of higher quantity of clomazone (>80%), with the advantage that a large percentage remained encapsulated (>70%), thus decreasing losses and increasing the product efficiency. The 30 mm simulated rainfall efficiently carried the clomazone herbicide when its microencapsulated formulation was applied, whereas its conventional formulation required higher rainfall depths (60 mm). Sulfentrazone was easily carried through the sugarcane straw by the rainfall depths when it was combined with clomazone, regardless of the clomazone formulation. The clomazone formulation affect the percolation dynamics of this herbicide through the sugarcane straw.

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Topramezone: A selective post-emergence herbicide in chickpea for higher weed control efficiency and crop productivity

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 150 ◽

pp. 105814

Author(s):

C.P. Nath ◽

Narendra Kumar ◽

K.K. Hazra ◽

C.S. Praharaj ◽

S.S. Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Weed Control Efficiency

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Efficiency of glyphosate and ammonium glufosinate against common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in vineyards

Horticulture and viticulture ◽

10.31676/0235-2591-2019-4-45-50 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

A. S. Golubev ◽

I. P. Borushko ◽

V. I. Dolzhenko

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Method ◽

Application Rate ◽

Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Weed Species ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Ammonium Glufosinate ◽

Effi Ciency ◽

Krasnodar Region

The use of glyphosate (720-2880 g/h a.i.) and ammonium glufosinate herbicides (375-1500 g/h a.i.) to control of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) has been studied in trials (2013-2018) in the vineyards of Rkatsiteli, Liang and Cabernet Sauvignon in Abinsk district of Krasnodar region. Accounting of weeds was done by a quantitative method with counting the number of each weed species in each plot. Counts were performed before the treatment and in 15, 30 and 45 days after spraying. The effi cacy of herbicide was determined in relation to the untreated control and expressed as a percentage. The main evaluation criterion was the eff ectiveness of 100 % in one of the accounts or the average (for all counts) effi ciency of more than 90 %. The results showed that in 95 % of trials spraying of 1440 g/h of glyphosate 1440 g/h of glyphosate (a.i.) and higher ensured processing effi ciency exceeding 90 %. Herbicides such as Roundup, containing 360 g/l of isopropylamine salt, can be recommended for use to control of common ragweed in the application rate 4.0 l/ha. Destruction of all common ragweed observed when using not less than 600 g/h glufosinate ammonium. Thus, Herbicides such as Basta, containing 150 g/l of ammonium glufosinate, to control of common ragweed should be applied by fractional application vegetative weeds (2.5 l/h + 1.5 l/h).

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