EXPLORING MOBILITY PATTERNS AND BIOLOGICAL AFFINITIES IN THE SOUTHERN AEGEAN: FIRST INSIGHTS FROM EARLY BRONZE AGE EASTERN CRETE

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevi Triantaphyllou ◽  
Efthymia Nikita ◽  
Thomas Kador
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Strontium Isotope ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Biological Distance ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
First Time

This paper presents the results of a pilot project which combines, for the first time, biodistance and strontium isotope analyses in the study of human skeletal remains from Early Bronze Age Crete (third millennium bc). Information from these analyses offers, in a direct way, insights into the biological distance, and consequently the gene flow and mobility patterns, among human populations in eastern Crete. The results are synthesised with the evidence of funerary practices in order to explore the nature of interaction among communities in eastern Crete. The biodistance analysis supports a strong genetic affinity between the populations represented at the two Kephala Petras skeletal assemblages, while the results of the available strontium isotope analysis favour their local origin; thus the combined results suggest the lack of significant population influx. The biological distance of the two chronologically contemporary populations at Livari-Skiadi, also manifesting completely different patterns of mortuary disposal, is of particular interest since it contrasts with the Petras situation and raises issues of intra-community distinctions, cultural and biological.

scholarly journals Human mobility in a Bronze Age Vatya ‘urnfield’ and the life history of a high-status woman

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254360
Author(s):  
Claudio Cavazzuti ◽  
Tamás Hajdu ◽  
Federico Lugli ◽  
Alessandra Sperduti ◽  
Magdolna Vicze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Strontium Isotope ◽  
High Status ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle Bronze Age

In this study, we present osteological and strontium isotope data of 29 individuals (26 cremations and 3 inhumations) from Szigetszentmiklós-Ürgehegy, one of the largest Middle Bronze Age cemeteries in Hungary. The site is located in the northern part of the Csepel Island (a few kilometres south of Budapest) and was in use between c. 2150 and 1500 BC, a period that saw the rise, the apogee, and, ultimately, the collapse of the Vatya culture in the plains of Central Hungary. The main aim of our study was to identify variation in mobility patterns among individuals of different sex/age/social status and among individuals treated with different burial rites using strontium isotope analysis. Changes in funerary rituals in Hungary have traditionally been associated with the crises of the tell cultures and the introgression of newcomers from the area of the Tumulus Culture in Central Europe around 1500 BC. Our results show only slight discrepancies between inhumations and cremations, as well as differences between adult males and females. The case of the richly furnished grave n. 241 is of particular interest. The urn contains the cremated bones of an adult woman and two 7 to 8-month-old foetuses, as well as remarkably prestigious goods. Using 87Sr/86Sr analysis of different dental and skeletal remains, which form in different life stages, we were able to reconstruct the potential movements of this high-status woman over almost her entire lifetime, from birth to her final days. Our study confirms the informative potential of strontium isotopes analyses performed on different cremated tissues. From a more general, historical perspective, our results reinforce the idea that exogamic practices were common in Bronze Age Central Europe and that kinship ties among high-rank individuals were probably functional in establishing or strengthening interconnections, alliances, and economic partnerships.

scholarly journals Mobility patterns in inland southwestern Sweden during the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malou Blank ◽  
Karl-Göran Sjögren ◽  
Corina Knipper ◽  
Karin M Frei ◽  
Helena Malmström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Strontium Isotope Analysis ◽  
Sex Assessment ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate population dynamics in the Scandinavian Neolithic and Early Bronze Age in southwestern Sweden. Human mobility patterns in Falbygden were studied by applying strontium isotope analysis combined with archaeological and bioarchaeological data, including mtDNA and sex assessment on a large dataset encompassing 141 individuals from 21 megalithic graves. In combination with other archaeological and anthropological records, we investigated the temporal and spatial scale of individual movement, mobility patterns of specific categories of people and possible social drivers behind them. Our results of strontium and biomolecular analyses suggest that mobility increased in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age compared to the earlier parts of the Neolithic. The data indicate individuals moving both into and away from Falbygden. Mobility patterns and contact networks also shift over time.

scholarly journals Non-Metric Dental Traits in Human Skeletal Remains from Transcaucasian Populations: Phylogenetic and Diachronic Evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahit Yu. Khudaverdyan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Biocultural Diversity ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Biological Distance ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Observer Error ◽  
Dental Traits ◽  
Armenian Highland

Abstract The aim of the study is the assessment of biological distance between populations from Transcaucasia on the basis of the frequency of dental morphological traits. It is well known that these traits are characterised by a high inter-population differentiation, low sexual dimorphism, and their recording is loaded by relatively small intra and inter observer error. The dental morphological traits are successfully used in the description and explanation of the microevolutionary and ethnogenetic processes. This paper presents the results of the odontological differentiation of human populations from Transcaucasia. The comparative analysis was carried out on the basis of 12 groups. From the obtained results, we can draw the following conclusions: The populations of Armenian Highland and Georgia can be differentiated as far as the frequency of dental morphological traits are concerned. They also do not exhibit similar intragroup variability. Biocultural diversity of ancient Transcaucasian populations has not been studied extensively; therefore, delineating some of the patterns of phenotypic variation may be useful for understanding their ongoing evolution.

Root Canal Morphology of Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age Human Populations of El Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

2014 ◽  
Vol 297 (12) ◽  
pp. 2342-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolors Ceperuelo ◽  
Marina Lozano ◽  
Fernando Duran-Sindreu ◽  
Montse Mercadé
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Canal Morphology

scholarly journals An insight into Old Hittite metallurgy: alloying practices at Hüseyindede (Çorum, Turkey)

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonca Dardeniz ◽  
İ. Tunç Sipahi ◽  
Tayfun Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Nickel Alloys ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
Metal Artefacts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis paper presents archaeological and analytical data on metal artefacts from Hüseyindede (Çorum, Turkey), dated to the Old Hittite period (ca 16th century BC). Hüseyindede, which is set in a rural landscape, demonstrates continuity in alloying traditions from the Early Bronze Age III (ca 26th/25th–22nd/21st century BC) and the Assyrian Trading Colonies period (20th–18th century BC) to the emergence of the Hittites. In addition to known alloying practices of the period, the site presents, for the first time, evidence of the existence of copper-nickel alloys, namely cupronickels, which so far have been documented only at the Late Bronze Age capital of the Hittites, Boğazköy/Hattuša. The Hüseyindede cupronickel objects now pinpoint the presence of this technology to regions spreading out from the Halys basin from the Old Kingdom Hittite period.

EARLY BRONZE AGE CHRONOLOGY OF MAINLAND GREECE: A REVIEW WITH NEW DATES FROM THE EXCAVATIONS AT KOUPHOVOUNO

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cavanagh ◽  
C. Mee ◽  
J. Renard
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Bayesian Modelling ◽  
General Development ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Data Support ◽  
First Time ◽  
Modelling Approach

A series of radiocarbon dates for Early Bronze Age contexts from the excavations at Kouphovouno are published for the first time. By adopting a Bayesian modelling approach, the 14C estimates allow greater precision in arriving at an absolute chronology for the period. The opportunity is taken to place these dates as part of the more general development of the Early Bronze period. The sequence for mainland Greece is compared with the recently revised dating of the Early Cycladic period. The new data support a lower chronology than that advocated in recent publications.

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