The Filocalian Letter

1956 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Nicolete Gray
Keyword(s):  
Dead End ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Modern Artists ◽  
Very High

To the student of Christian archaeology the name of Filocalus is a household word. The surviving evidence of his work has been investigated by the most eminent scholars since the time of Mommsen and de Rossi, and, recently definitive studies both of his inscriptions, and of the copies of his lost manuscript have been produced. This essay is an attempt to see this achievement in a wider setting, the whole history of the art of lettering. I hope to demonstrate that Filocalian lettering is not an isolated phenomenon, a magnificent dead end, but rather an extension of the potentialities of the art in which he worked, potentialities which through the centuries have been further explored in various directions, and which to-day are being worked more than ever before.To recapitulate briefly what is established: the fragmentary knowledge which we have of the work of Filocalus immediately establishes him as very remarkable. The names of both Roman and medieval practitioners of lettering are known, but of none do their works give us any clear impression of personality. Filocalus is comparable rather to the great printers, or to such modern artists as Rudolf Koch or Eric Gill; like them his work has the quality of originality, in his case in a very high degree, which marks it as the product of the conscious artist.

scholarly journals Multi-Locus Selection and the Structure of Variation at the white Gene of Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Kirby ◽  
Wolfgang Stephan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
White Gene ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
North American Population ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Locus Selection ◽  
Neutral Equilibrium ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Abstract We surveyed sequence variation and divergence for the entire 5972-bp transcriptional unit of the white gene in 15 lines of Drosophila melanogaster and one line of D. simulans. We found a very high degree of haplotypic structuring for the polymorphisms in the 3′ half of the gene, as opposed to the polymorphisms in the 5′ half. To determine the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for this pattern, we sequenced a 1612-bp segment of the white gene from an additional 33 lines of D. melanogaster from a European and a North American population. This 1612-bp segment encompasses an 834bp region of the white gene in which the polymorphisms form high frequency haplotypes that cannot be explained by a neutral equilibrium model of molecular evolution. The small number of recombinants in the 834bp region suggests epistatic selection as the cause of the haplotypic structuring, while an investigation of nucleotide diversity supports a directional selection hypothesis. A multi-locus selection model that combines features from both-hypotheses and takes the recent history of D. melanogaster into account may be the best explanation for these data.

scholarly journals Research on the Construction of Graduate Education Management and Cultivation Mechanism in Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Rui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Education Management ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
And Training

Education has a long history of development. With the rapid development of the economy and the progress of society, the country's demand for talents and the quality of talent training is constantly increasing. The current high degree of education has become the choice of young intellectuals, so graduate education has become the focus of attention. At this stage, the scale of graduate education continues to expand, and more attention should be paid to the strengthening of graduate education in management and training mechanisms in order to facilitate the graduate education, to provide a broad space for the development and adapting to the times. Based on the current situation of graduate education management and training mechanisms in colleges and universities, this article analyzes and researches, hoping to bring a positive effect to graduate education in universities.

Diurnal and Other Fluctuations in Atmospheric Radioactivity of Natural Origin

1959 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Delwiche ◽  
P. R. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuation ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Atmospheric Radioactivity ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The radioactivity of the atmosphere resulting from natural sources has been monitored continuously for a period of two years. The method consists of collecting on moving strips of filter paper the daughter products of radon and thoron decay—principally Pb212 and Pb214. The highest activities found were 5 × 10−13 curies per liter of atmosphere and the lowest values in the order of 10−14 curies per liter. Changes in radioactivity may take place very rapidly so that a very high value may fall to one of the low values within an hour or less. Recent history of the air mass being sampled determines its content of these radioactive isotopes of natural origin. Maximal values are always characterized by still air held over land. Minimal values have been associated with air masses having been held over the sea where replenishment of radon is much reduced. The turbulence of winds causes mixing of radon with greater masses of air with correspondingly diluted levels of radioactivity. In spite of the high degree of variability in atmospheric radioactivity from day to day or even from hour to hour, averages of the mean hourly activities when taken over a year in Berkeley, California show a well defined diurnal fluctuation. In this respect, data for 1955 are very close to those for the year 1956. On the yearly average, maximum activity occurs at 6 a.m. and minimum activity at 6 p.m. The averaged radioactivity of the atmosphere in the morning is about 40 per cent greater than the activity in the evening. This difference is probably a reflection of the tendency for offshore winds to migrate inland during the afternoon hours. Samplings of stagnant air in wells and caves showed very high activity as compared to the open atmosphere. As much as 10−10 curies per liter of air have been observed in enclosed atmospheres.

scholarly journals Families’ Degree of Satisfaction With Pediatric Telehomecare: Interventional Prospective Pilot Study in Catalonia

10.2196/17517 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e17517
Author(s):  
Francesc López Seguí ◽  
Astrid Batlle Boada ◽  
Juan José García García ◽  
Ana López Ulldemolins ◽  
Ane Achotegui del Arco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Profile ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitor ◽  
Pressure Monitor ◽  
Parental Experience ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Background Pediatric home hospitalization improves the quality of life of children and their families, involving them in their children’s care, while favoring the work-life balance of the family. In this context, technology guarantees accessibility to assistance, which provides security to users. From the perspective of the health care system, this could lower the demand for hospital services and reduce hospitalization costs. Objective This study aimed to assess families’ degree of satisfaction and acceptability of pediatric telehomecare and explore the clinical characteristics of children benefiting from the program. Methods A total of 95 children and their families participated in the home-hospitalization pilot program operated by Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Families were visited once a day and patients were monitored using a kit consisting of a scale, a thermometer, a pulse oximeter, and a blood pressure monitor. Data on parental experience, satisfaction, safety, and preference for care was collected by means of a questionnaire. Data about the children’s characteristics were collected from medical records. Descriptive and comparative statistics were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 65 survey respondents expressed very high levels of satisfaction. Families reported their experiences as being very positive, preferring home hospitalization in 94% (61/65) of cases, and gave high scores regarding the use of telemonitoring devices. The program did not record any readmissions after 72 hours and reported a very low number of adverse incidents. The user profile was very heterogeneous, highlighting a large number of respiratory patients and patients with infections that required endovenous antibiotic therapy. Conclusions Pediatric home hospitalization through telemonitoring is a feasible and desirable alternative to traditional hospitalization, both from the perspective of families and the hospital. The results of this analysis showed a very high degree of satisfaction with the care received and that the home-based telemonitoring system resulted in few adverse incidents.

The Pyrgomorphidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea): Their Systematics, Tribal Divisions and Distribution

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1505-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. McE. Kevan ◽  
S. S. Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Great Majority ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Old World Tropics ◽  
North And South ◽  
Fossil Genus ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe Pyrgomorphidae represent a distinctive family of acridoid Orthoptera comprising 127 genera and over 400 species. The systematic history of the group is outlined and its name is discussed. On the basis of external morphology and phallic structures it has been found possible to divide the family into tribes. Most of these have been recognized previously, but several new ones have been erected to accommodate anomalous genera or parts of former tribes that have proved to be heterogeneous. The genera fall into no fewer than 29 tribes and 8 subtribes, which reflect the antiquity of the group; phylogenetic relationships remain rather obscure. An extensive key to the tribes and subtribes (incorporating both external and phallic characters) is given and the genera belonging to each are listed. Diagnoses of three new genera and a new subgenus are appended. Geographical distribution is discussed. The great majority of Pyrgomorphidae are found in the Old World tropics and subtropics, but some are American and a few reach temperate latitudes both north and south. A very high degree of endemism amongst genera is shown by all regions in which the group occurs, except the Palaearctic. The African and Malagasy faunas are the richest, but the group probably originated further east. Madagascar, Australia, the Papuan subregion and C. and S. America all have their own very distinctive tribes and genera. No genera are common to Old and New Worlds. The latter was probably invaded from Asia at least twice. Pyrgomorphidae appear to be comparatively recently incursive into the Palaearctic region. A new Palaearctic fossil genus is proposed.

Heruy's Ya-Heywat Tarik and Mahtama-Sellase's Che Balaw: Two Perceptions of a Biographical Dictionary

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 387-399
Author(s):  
Bahru Zewde
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Biographical Information ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Biographical Dictionary ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Very High

Explicitly or implicitly, biographies have dominated Ethiopian historiography. Until very recently, Ethiopian history has been almost exclusively the history of the elite. As such, the reconstruction of historical events has revolved around the careers of prominent individuals. The chronicles, which go back to the fourteenth century, illustrate this to a very high degree. They were conceived to document the reigns of kings and most of them adhered strictly to this rule, giving the reader a detailed and faithfully chronological account—often day by day—of the deeds of the protagonist.This is not of course to say that other, non-biographical, information is not to be found in these documents. On the contrary, inasmuch as the chronicler takes it as his sacred duty to record whatever had taken place during the reign of a king, he is bound to give us a lot of useful information on such, strictly speaking, non-political issues as famine, pestilence, earthquakes, trade, and—invariably—religious affairs. But such information remains essentially incidental to the main objective, which is to document the life and career of the king. Interestingly such digressions from the main story are often prefaced by the phrase, “bazihem zaman” (“During this reign”, i.e., incidentally).

Two Notes on Seleucid History

1940 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Tarn
Keyword(s):  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

I have long suspected the 500 elephants of Ipsus, as the number is too remote from anything else known. Omitting these, the largest force of elephants which Greeks ever saw in action was the 200 of Porus; the largest force which any Greek ever commanded was the 120 or there-abouts which Eudamus brought to Eumenes; the largest force which any king is recorded on good authority to have possessed is the 150 of Antiochus III. The number which Alexander (who never used them in battle) collected in India cannot be ascertained; but the uniformly modest numbers which, Eudamus' force apart, figure in the history of the Successors before Ipsus show that he cannot have brought away from India anything approaching 200. The vast figures attributed by various writers to Indian kings and peoples may be neglected, though doubtless Chandragupta, reckoning in the forces of his vassal kings, did control a large number. I have now by accident stumbled on something which certainly will explain the number 500 attributed to Seleucus; it remains to be seen whether the explanation be the correct one. I am not claiming to give an exact proof that it is, but there is a very high degree of probability. I had better indicate the proposed explanation first before coming to the Greek evidence about Seleucus.

Ring complexes of the Peruvian Coastal Batholith: a long-standing subvolcanic regime

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1020-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Bussell ◽  
W. S. Pitcher ◽  
P. A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Structural Control ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ring Complexes ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

A special feature of the composite Coastal Batholith of Peru is the presence of ring complexes, which suggests a very high-level crustal environment and a direct connection between the magmas of the constituent plutons and caldera-centred volcanicity. The nature of four such complexes is commented on in detail, especially the high degree of structural control of emplacement, the association of mylonites and tuffisites with ring-fractures, the roles of stoping, fluidization and entrainment during the intrusion of ring-dykes, the co-existence of highly mobile magmas, their pulsatory injection, and the connection between these and volcanics of the same general age. Such mechanisms of cauldron subsidence located at the plutonic–volcanic interface operated throughout much of the 70 m.y. history of the batholith.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of gallbladder opisthorchiasis and cholelithiasis in a teenager

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
T. V. Kucherya ◽  
L. A. Kharitonova ◽  
K. Yu. Ashmanov ◽  
A. A. Mishkin
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Sound Track ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Errors In Treatment ◽  
Timely Treatment

Relevance. Parasitic invasions of the biliary tract, such as opisthorchiasis, are one of the significant causes of the formation of pigment calculi in the gallbladder, which is known in territories endemic for these diseases. However, visualization of the dynamics of the development of the pathological process using ultrasonography does not allow differentiating gall stones with a high degree of accuracy from the stages of development of the feline fluke. In the absence of an epidemiological history, this invasion can proceed under the guise of gallstone disease, which leads to an unjustified surgical intervention with the removal of a practically healthy gallbladder from a child. Before surgery, differentiation of calculi in the gallbladder from the stage of opisthorchiasis will significantly improve the quality of life of the child.The aim of the study was to demonstrate a clinical case of opisthorchiasis invasion in a child in a non-endemic territory, proceeding under the guise of cholelithiasis.Material and methods: the case history of a 17‑year-old girl with opistochiasis invasion is presented.Discussion. Parasitic invasion (opisthorchiasis) caused the formation of «calculi» of the gallbladder in the child. Not every hyperechoic formation of the gallbladder with the presence of a sound track is a «calculus». Timely diagnosis of the cause of cholelithiasis is important, as well as timely treatment of parasitic invasion to avoid relapse of the disease and errors in treatment, including surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Attributing the Bixby Letter using n-gram tracing

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Grieve ◽  
Isobelle Clarke ◽  
Emily Chiang ◽  
Hannah Gideon ◽  
Annina Heini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
Abraham Lincoln ◽  
Authorship Attribution ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
N Gram ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

Abstract There is a long-standing debate about the authorship of the Bixby Letter, one of the most famous pieces of correspondence in American history. Despite being signed by President Abraham Lincoln, some historians have claimed that its true author was John Hay, Lincoln’s personal secretary. Analyses of the letter have been inconclusive in part because the text totals only 139 words and is thus far too short to be attributed using standard methods. To test whether Lincoln or Hay wrote this letter, we therefore introduce and apply a new technique for attributing short texts called ‘n-gram tracing’. After demonstrating that our method can distinguish between the known writings of Lincoln and Hay with a very high degree of accuracy, we use it to attribute the Bixby Letter. We conclude that the text was authored by John Hay—rewriting this one episode in the history of the USA, while offering a solution to one of the most persistent problems in authorship attribution.

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