Universal internalization or pluralistic micro-theories?

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-755
Author(s):  
Heiko Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Gestalt Principles ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Geodesic Paths ◽  
The Face ◽  
Motion Studies

In my response I revisit the question whether internalization should be conceived as representation or as instantiation. Shepard's ingenuity lies partly in allowing both interpretations. The down side of this facile generality of internalization is its immunity to falsification. I describe evidence from 3-D apparent motion studies that speak against geodesic paths in cases of underspecified percepts. I further reflect on the applicability of internalization to normal, well-specified perception, on the superiority of Gestalt principles, as well as on the evolutionary and developmental implications of the concept. The commentaries to the target article reveal an astonishing lack of agreement. This not only indicates that a satisfactory unifying theory explaining perception in the face of poorly specified stimuli does not exist. It also suggests that for the time being we have to be pluralistic and should treat internalization as a source of inspiration rather than as an irrefutable theory.

scholarly journals Evocation and characterization of percepts of apparent motion on the face

1998 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juli A. Szaniszlo ◽  
Greg K. Essick ◽  
Douglas G. Kelly ◽  
Aaron K. Joseph ◽  
Kathy R. Bredehoeft
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Motion ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals Author Reply: Aligning Social Relations With Faces, Words, and Emotions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Brian Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Author Reply ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Verbal Activity ◽  
Facial Movements ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Face ◽  
Alternative Position ◽  
Primary Phenomenon

How do facial movements and verbal statements relate to emotional processes? A familiar answer is that the primary phenomenon is an internally located emotion that may then get expressed on the face and represented in words. In this view, emotion’s social functions and effects are indirect consequences of prior intrapsychic states or events. By contrast, my target article argued that facial and verbal activity are constituents rather than consequences of the dynamic production of fundamentally relational emotions. This article clarifies this alternative position and evaluates potential counterarguments.

scholarly journals Computerized Face Detection and Tracking

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2800-2802 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Face Detection ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
The Past ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Face ◽  
Testing Issue ◽  
Human Faces

Item revelation has been an unprecedented test from the past couple of years. In PC vision human face area is a basic research topic. It is required for some PC applications like HCI, perception, human-robot joint effort, etc. In this field facial following is finding greater advancement of use in security and prosperity applications to recognize distinctive situations1 . This following zone can be used to control or talk with robots. Perceiving human faces in a video is a fantastic testing issue. These setups may take after edge of view, establishment control, and diverse edifications. This is a result of high variety of setups that may occur. The multifaceted idea of the face results in a particular dimension of issue for speedy area and following. In this paper we use two philosophies for recognizing a face and track it always. In a general sense video groupings give a larger number of information than a still picture. It is reliably a testing undertaking to pursue a target thing in a live video. We experience challenges like edification; present assortment and hindrance in pre-planning stages. In any case, this is can be overpowered by disclosure of the target article unendingly in each and every edge. Face following by Kanade Lucas Tomasi computation that is used to pursue face reliant on arranged features.Automatic face detection and tracking is a challenging part and here the proposed method is improvised on that.

Double, double, toil and trouble – fire burn, and theory bubble!

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-410
Author(s):  
Birgitta Dresp
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Organization ◽  
Scene Perception ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Gestalt Principles ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Made In

Lehar's Gestalt Bubble model introduces a computational approach to holistic aspects of three-dimensional scene perception. The model as such has merit because it manages to translate certain Gestalt principles of perceptual organization into formal codes or algorithms. The mistake made in this target article is to present the model within the theoretical framework of the question of consciousness. As a scientific approach to the problem of consciousness, the Gestalt Bubble fails for several reasons. This commentary addresses three of these: (1) the terminology surrounding the concept of consciousness is not rigorously defined; (2) it is not made evident that three-dimensional scene perception requires consciousness at all; and (3) it is not clearly explained by which mechanism(s) the “picture-in-the-head,” supposedly represented in the brain, would be made available to different levels of awareness or consciousness.

scholarly journals Apparent motion of the face

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 127-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Oh ◽  
M. Shiffrar
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Motion ◽  
The Face

LPCD framework: Analytical tool or psychological model?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Danks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Bayesian Decision ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Psychological Reality ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Bayesian Decision Making

AbstractThe target article uses a mathematical framework derived from Bayesian decision making to demonstrate suboptimal decision making but then attributes psychological reality to the framework components. Rahnev & Denison's (R&D) positive proposal thus risks ignoring plausible psychological theories that could implement complex perceptual decision making. We must be careful not to slide from success with an analytical tool to the reality of the tool components.

Why do people believe in a zero-sum economy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Coalitional Psychology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Zero Sum

AbstractZero-sum thinking and aversion to trade pervade our society, yet fly in the face of everyday experience and the consensus of economists. Boyer & Petersen's (B&P's) evolutionary model invokes coalitional psychology to explain these puzzling intuitions. I raise several empirical challenges to this explanation, proposing two alternative mechanisms – intuitive mercantilism (assigning value to money rather than goods) and errors in perspective-taking.

How Homo economicus lost her mind and how we can revive her

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter DeScioli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe target article by Boyer & Petersen (B&P) contributes a vital message: that people have folk economic theories that shape their thoughts and behavior in the marketplace. This message is all the more important because, in the history of economic thought, Homo economicus was increasingly stripped of mental capacities. Intuitive theories can help restore the mind of Homo economicus.

Inter-individual variation shapes the human microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily F. Wissel ◽  
Leigh K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Microbiome Research

Abstract The target article suggests inter-individual variability is a weakness of microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) research, but we discuss why it is actually a strength. We comment on how accounting for individual differences can help researchers systematically understand the observed variance in microbiota composition, interpret null findings, and potentially improve the efficacy of therapeutic treatments in future clinical microbiome research.

The sense of obligation is culturally modulated

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bender
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Sense Of Obligation ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Abstract Tomasello argues in the target article that, in generalizing the concrete obligations originating from interdependent collaboration to one's entire cultural group, humans become “ultra-cooperators.” But are all human populations cooperative in similar ways? Based on cross-cultural studies and my own fieldwork in Polynesia, I argue that cooperation varies along several dimensions, and that the underlying sense of obligation is culturally modulated.

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