Constraining the brain: The role of developmental psychology in developmental cognitive neuroscience

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-563
Author(s):  
David Estes ◽  
Karen Bartsch
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Developmental psychology should play an essential constraining role in developmental cognitive neuroscience. Theories of neural development must account explicitly for the early emergence of knowledge and abilities in infants and young children documented in developmental research. Especially in need of explanation at the neural level is the early emergence of meta-representation.

scholarly journals Western Faculty Profile: Dr. Daniel Ansari

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jas Sahota ◽  
Nicole Kim
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Arithmetic Operation ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Early Contribution ◽  
Canada Research Chair ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Dr. Daniel Ansari is an Associate Professor at the Brain and Mind Institute at Western University where he holds a Canada Research Chair in Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. Dr. Ansari has won many awards for his work, including the Schloessmann Award, the Society for Research in Child Development Early Contribution Award, and the APA Division 7 (Developmental Psychology) Boyd McCandless Award. His research focuses on discerning which regions of the brain are involved in our ability to calculate, such as how activation of the brain is affected during calculation by the particular arithmetic operation being performed. Jas Sahota and Nicole Kim spoke with Dr. Ansari about his work and research.

scholarly journals Nutritional Support of Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Function in Infants and Young Children—An Update and Novel Insights

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Kathrin Cohen Kadosh ◽  
Leilani Muhardi ◽  
Panam Parikh ◽  
Melissa Basso ◽  
Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Neurocognitive Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Proper nutrition is crucial for normal brain and neurocognitive development. Failure to optimize neurodevelopment early in life can have profound long-term implications for both mental health and quality of life. Although the first 1000 days of life represent the most critical period of neurodevelopment, the central and peripheral nervous systems continue to develop and change throughout life. All this time, development and functioning depend on many factors, including adequate nutrition. In this review, we outline the role of nutrients in cognitive, emotional, and neural development in infants and young children with special attention to the emerging roles of polar lipids and high quality (available) protein. Furthermore, we discuss the dynamic nature of the gut-brain axis and the importance of microbial diversity in relation to a variety of outcomes, including brain maturation/function and behavior are discussed. Finally, the promising therapeutic potential of psychobiotics to modify gut microbial ecology in order to improve mental well-being is presented. Here, we show that the individual contribution of nutrients, their interaction with other micro- and macronutrients and the way in which they are organized in the food matrix are of crucial importance for normal neurocognitive development.

INFORMED CONSENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-374
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. SILVERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Young Patient ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Special Position ◽  
Infants And Young Children

THE special position of infants and young children as subjects in therapeutic and non-therapeutic investigations is highlighted by recently renewed emphasis on the need to obtain formal consent, when (in the words of a National Institutes of Health memorandum) "procedures deviate from accepted medical practice." Who should act for the very young patient by giving consent based on informed understanding? Most codes for investigators specify that consent may be given only by parents or guardians. In these circumstances parents and guardians are forced into the role of arbiters required to make exceptionally difficult judgments in situations which increase in complexity each day that our knowledge increases.

scholarly journals The role of traditional foods for infants and young children in the Peruvian Amazon

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Leslie Roche ◽  
Hilary M Creed‐Kanashiro ◽  
Irma Tuesta ◽  
Harriet V Kuhnlein
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Infants And Young Children

‘Kindred Without End’: Wet-Nursing, Fosterage and Emotion in Ireland, c. 1550–1720

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-35
Author(s):  
Clodagh Tait
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Old English ◽  
Fictive Kinship ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Wet-nursing and fosterage were widely used in early modern Ireland. Despite the difficulties of reconstructing practices surrounding the nourishment and care of infants and young children, the limited surviving sources provide some evidence for the practical arrangements involved, the role of these practices in extending families and creating long-lasting ties of ‘fictive kinship’, the emotional and economic connections they forged and deeply held concerns that they might inspire and extend political disloyalty and disaffection. While fosterage is mostly associated with Gaelic communities, by the sixteenth century, a distinct brand of fosterage was significant to Old English families as well. New English and Protestant families also increasingly participated in networks referred to as fosterage, and references in the 1641 depositions testify to the degree to which these practices linked settlers and natives and the horror inspired by their abandonment.

The role of eye contact in goal detection: Evidence from normal infants and children with autism or mental handicap

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Phillips ◽  
Simon Baron-Cohen ◽  
Michael Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Infant Cognition ◽  
Mental Handicap ◽  
Goal Detection ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Infants And Young Children

AbstractOne reason for looking at a person's eyes may be to diagnose their goal, because a person's eye direction reliably specifies what they are likely to act upon next. We report an experiment that investigates whether or not young normal infants use eye contact for this function. We placed them in situations in which the adult's action toward them was either ambiguous or unambiguous in its goal. Results showed that the majority of normal infants and young children with mental handicap made instant eye contact immediately following the ambiguous action but rarely after the unambiguous action. Young children with autism, in contrast, made eye contact equally (little) in both conditions. These results are discussed in relation to the function of eye contact, to our understanding of infant cognition, and to the theory of mind hypothesis of autism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document