Does gradual retirement have better outcomes than abrupt retirement? Results from an Australian panel study

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID DE VAUS ◽  
YVONNE WELLS ◽  
HAL KENDIG ◽  
SUSAN QUINE
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Employment Practices ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Retirement Decisions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gradual Retirement

ABSTRACTConventional wisdom promotes gradual retirement rather than an abrupt end to the working life. This paper compares the outcomes of abrupt and gradual retirement one and three years after the transition to retirement began using data from an Australian panel study. The outcomes included changes in health, positive and negative affect, wellbeing and marital cohesion. For many outcomes there was no difference between gradual and abrupt retirements, but those who retired abruptly were more likely to rate their health as having deteriorated and more likely to report better adjustment to retirement. Control over retirement decisions was also explored; it emerged as a more important factor in retirement wellbeing than whether the transition was gradual or abrupt. The absence of interaction or additive effects between the retirement pathway and the level of control over the process confirmed this result. Thus there is no simple answer to the question in the title. Retiring gradually allows time for people to make changes to their lifestyle, but having control over the timing and manner of leaving work had a greater positive impact on psychological and social wellbeing, and this persisted three years after retirement. The findings suggest that policies and employment practices that promote employees' control of their retirement decisions will enhance wellbeing in later life and facilitate longer workforce participation.

scholarly journals Chinese Parent-Child Relationships in Later Life in the Context of Social Inequalities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Emery ◽  
Pearl Dykstra ◽  
Maja Djundeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Emotional Strain ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Parent Child

This paper examines how parent-child relationships vary against the backdrop of socio-economic inequalities evident in China. China is both an increasingly unequal and rapidly ageing country. Understanding how the relationships that Older Chinese have with their children are associated with social inequalities, is therefore of paramount importance. We do this by examining the effect of socio-economic indicators of the parent and child on their relationship in a multilevel, multinomial logit model of parent-child dyads using data from the Chinese Family Panel Study. First, the relationships we observe are not unidimensional and display complex patterns which deviate heavily from a ‘strong versus weak’ description of family ties. The results do not support a family displacement perspective of parent-child relationships but instead suggest that educational and financial resources facilitate support that is associated with greater emotional closeness and negates the need for support which places an emotional strain on the parent-child relationship.

The long-term consequences of partnership dissolution for support in later life in the United Kingdom

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAREN GLASER ◽  
RACHEL STUCHBURY ◽  
CECILIA TOMASSINI ◽  
JANET ASKHAM
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
District Nurse ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Home Help ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACTThere has long been an interest in the United Kingdom about whether and how changes in family life affect support for older people, but nevertheless the consequences of partnership dissolution for late-life support have been little researched. Using data from the British Household Panel Study (1991–2003), this study investigated the longitudinal association between partnership dissolution and two types of support for 1,966 people aged 70 or more years: (i) informal support from children in the form of contacts and help (e.g. household assistance including care), and (ii) formal support from community care services (i.e. health visitor or district nurse, home-help and meals-on-wheels). The paper also examines the level of reported support among: (i) all parents aged 70 or more years and (ii) 1,453 unpartnered parents in the same age group (i.e. those lacking the most important source of support in later life: a spouse). We found diversity in the experience of partnership dissolution in the past lives of people aged 70 or more years. Patterns of support varied by the respondent's age, whether partnered, the timing and type of partnership dissolution, and by gender, having a daughter and health status. Overall, however, partnership dissolution did not show the expected detrimental relationship with later-life support. Health needs and increasing age were strongly associated with increases in contact and informal and formal help, regardless of family history.

scholarly journals Experience of Poverty and Problem Sleep in Later Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 697-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Marginal Structural Model ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Using Data

Older adults are more likely to report problem sleep, but little is known about how the economic challenges of old age affect sleep. Using data from the disability and use of time from the panel study of income dynamics ( N = 1,693), this study applied propensity score methods and the marginal structural model to estimate the associations between exposure to poverty and two measures of problem sleep: risky sleep duration and difficulty falling asleep. Poverty, irrespective of duration of exposure, had little impact on short sleep duration. Exposure to poverty, however, was associated with increased likelihood of long sleep duration on weekends and having difficulty falling asleep on both weekdays and weekends, especially for older adults who were exposed to poverty for 5 or more years. Findings suggest that economic hardship of old age may be a social structural obstacle for healthy sleep.

scholarly journals The wellbeing of childless men and fathers in mid-life

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEARL A. DYKSTRA ◽  
RENSKE KEIZER
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Helping Others ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Parenthood Status ◽  
Provider Role

ABSTRACTUsing data from the first wave of the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study conducted in 2002–03, this paper examines the economic, psychological and social wellbeing among 1,467 men aged 40–59 years with different parenthood histories and circumstances: the childless, fathers who live with their children, non-co-resident fathers, and ‘empty-nest fathers’. The gerontological interest is whether there are variations in wellbeing by parenting, and whether they persist in old age. The results showed that fathers have higher incomes than childless men, regardless of their partner history. As regards psychological wellbeing, men's partner history counts, not their parenthood status. Being single contributes to low levels of psychological wellbeing. The findings provide evidence of the socially integrating effects of parenthood and for men's ‘good-provider’ role. Childless men and non-co-resident fathers report poorer quality family relationships. In addition, childless men were least likely to report helping others in the community. Overall, more support is found for the notion that fatherhood is a transforming event than that the wellbeing benefits derive from fathering activities. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for inequalities in wellbeing and informal support among the male members of the cohort born during 1943–63 when they reach old age.

scholarly journals Chinese parent-child relationships in later life in the context of social inequalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2019) ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Thomas Emery ◽  
Pearl Dykstra ◽  
Maja Djundeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Emotional Strain ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Parent Child

This paper examines how parent-child relationships vary against the backdrop of socio-economic inequalities evident in China. China is both an increasingly unequal and rapidly ageing country. Understanding how the relationships that older Chinese have with their children are associated with social inequalities is therefore of paramount importance. We do this by examining the effect of socio-economic indicators of the parent and child on their relationship in a multilevel, multinomial logit model of parentchild dyads using data from the Chinese Family Panel Study. First, the relationships we observe are not unidimensional and display complex patterns which deviate heavily from a ‘strong versus weak’ description of family ties. The results do not support a family displacement perspective of parent-child relationships but instead suggest that educational and financial resources facilitate support that is associated with greater emotional closeness and negates the need for support which places an emotional strain on the parent-child relationship.

Migration and the Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Cooke ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dynamics Models

It is widely presumed that information and communication technologies, or ICTs, enable migration in several ways; primarily by reducing the costs of migration. However, a reconsideration of the relationship between ICTs and migration suggests that ICTs may just as well hinder migration; primarily by reducing the costs of not moving.  Using data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics, models that control for sources of observed and unobserved heterogeneity indicate a strong negative effect of ICT use on inter-state migration within the United States. These results help to explain the long-term decline in internal migration within the United States.

Measurement invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in parents of individuals with disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Park ◽  
Joungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Invariance Model

We aimed to verify the factor model and measurement invariance of the abbreviated Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis using data from 761 parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities who completed the scale as part of the 2011 Survey on the Actual Conditions of Individuals with Developmental Disabilities, South Korea, and 7,301 participants from the general population who completed the scale as part of the 2011 Welfare Panel Study and Survey by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea. We used fit indices to assess data reliability and Amos 22.0 for data analysis. According to the results, the 4-factor model had an appropriate fit to the data and the regression coefficients were significant. However, the chi-square difference test result was nonsignificant; therefore, the metric invariance model was the most appropriate measurement invariance model for the data. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Marriage as a Mechanism of Internalizing Externalities: A Case of Smoking

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane J. You
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Married Individuals

Abstract With the view of marriage as a legal institution to internalize externalities, I examine the effect of marriage on smoking. From analyzing the data of Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I found that unmarried individuals are more likely to smoke by 4.9% point than married individuals with stronger impact on females. The long-run impact of marriage also shows that the unmarried individuals smoke more than married individuals but some of its positive impact diminishes within two years. These results on the whole imply that marriage internalizes the negative externalities of smoking and thus leads smokers to reduce smoking.

Let’s Drink to Being Socially Active: Family Characteristics, Social Participation, and Alcohol Abuse across Mid- and Later-life

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-469
Author(s):  
Eric M. Vogelsang ◽  
Joseph T. Lariscy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Marital Dissolution ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Linked Lives ◽  
Using Data

Researchers and practitioners often extol the health benefits of social relationships and social participation for older adults. Yet they often ignore how these same bonds and activities may contribute to negative health behaviors. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (16,065 observations from 7,007 respondents), we examined how family characteristics, family history, and social participation predicted three measures of alcohol abuse between ages 53 and 71. Results indicate that, generally, greater social participation is associated with increased drinking days per month. We also found that religious participation and having ever lived with an alcoholic are each associated with reporting possible alcohol dependence but not with alcohol consumption itself. Lastly, we identified gendered associations between marital dissolution and drinking behavior. These findings contextualize the increasing rates of alcohol abuse among older adults by emphasizing the possible negative consequences of “linked lives” on health via relationship stress and group norms.

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