A latent class analysis of health lifestyles and health outcomes among Chinese older adults

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x20001063 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Chinese Older Adults ◽

Health Lifestyles ◽

Health Lifestyle

Abstract Prior analyses have repeatedly documented the association between individual health behaviours and health outcomes. Nonetheless, few studies have taken a health lifestyle theory approach to examine how health lifestyle behaviours have shaped Chinese older adults’ health status. Using the most recent 2011–2012 data released by the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), latent class analysis was applied to identify predominant health lifestyles among Chinese older adults aged 65–105. Four distinct classes representing health lifestyles emerged. Furthermore, the research found the way in which the four classes representing older adults’ health lifestyles can be predicted by the respondent's demographic and socio-economic characteristics. In addition, health lifestyles were found to be strongly associated with Chinese older adults’ health outcomes which were measured by self-rated health, functional independence, cognitive function and chronic diseases, even after controlling for demographic features as well as individual and parental socio-economic disadvantage. Findings supported the cumulative disadvantage theory in health. The research highlighted the importance of promoting health lifestyles to improve older adults’ health outcomes.

Download Full-text

Health Lifestyles and Their Influence on Chinese Oldest-old’s Health Outcomes —Evidence From a Latent Class Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-62228/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Li Zhang ◽

Xiangyang Bi ◽

Zhihong Ding

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Oldest Old ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Health Lifestyles ◽

Individual Health

Abstract BackgroundA strong association between individual health behaviors and health outcomes has been emphasized by previous analyses. However, how individual health behaviors can be classified into health lifestyles and the manner in which health lifestyles have impacted Chinese oldest-old’s health status are largely unknown.MethodsAnalyzing the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), latent class analysis was applied to identify predominant health lifestyles among Chinese oldest-old aged 85 to 105.ResultsFour distinct classes representing health lifestyles emerged. Health lifestyles were found to be strongly associated with Chinese oldest-old’s health outcomes which were measured by self-rated health, functional independence, cognitive function and chronic diseases, even after controlling for demographic features as well as individual and parental socioeconomic disadvantage. Findings also showed a convergence of health disparities caused by demographic and SES characteristics in very old age.ConclusionsChinese oldest-old showed four predominant health lifestyles with only 21.9% of the sample had consistently healthy lifestyle behaviors. The significant influence of health lifestyles on health remained after age 85, .highlighting the importance of promoting health lifestyles to advance the oldest-old’s health status.

Download Full-text

Similarities and Differences in Health-Related Behaviour Clustering Among Older Adults in East and West: A Latent Class Analysis of Global Ageing Cohorts

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3218733 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Liao ◽

Claire Mawditt ◽

Shaun Scholes ◽

Wentian Lu ◽

Maki Umeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Health Related ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

East And West ◽

Health Related Behaviour ◽

Global Ageing

Download Full-text

Intensity of Social Support Matters: A Latent Class Analysis to Identify Levels of Social Support Associated with Optimal Health Outcomes Among Women Living with HIV

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-021-03377-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aruna Chandran ◽

Fiona Bhondoekhan ◽

Tracey E. Wilson ◽

Joel Milam ◽

Mardge H. Cohen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Optimal Health ◽

Living With Hiv

Download Full-text

Intersectional Discrimination Attributions and Health Outcomes Among American Older Adults: A Latent Class Analysis

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.1177/00914150211066560 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009141502110665

Author(s):

Peiyi Lu ◽

Dexia Kong ◽

Mack Shelley ◽

Joan K. Davitt

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Physical Appearance ◽

Later Life ◽

National Origin ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Discrimination Group ◽

Class 1 ◽

High Discrimination

Guided by an intersectionality framework, this study examined intersectional discrimination attributions and their associations with health outcomes. Older respondents (aged ≥50) from the Health and Retirement Study in 2014-2015 were included ( N = 6286). Their reasons for discrimination (age, gender, sexual orientation, race, national origin, religion, financial status, weight, physical appearance, disability, and others) were examined. Latent class analysis examined the subgroup profiles. Six classes were identified: class 1 (54.52% of the sample) had no/minimal discrimination; Class 2 (21.89%) experienced primarily ageism; class 3 (8.81%) reported discrimination based on age/gender/national origin/race; class 4 (7.99%) attributed discrimination to financial/other reasons; class 5 (5.87%) experienced discrimination based on age/weight/physical appearance/disability; and class 6 (0.92%) perceived high discrimination. Intersectional discrimination was associated with poorer self-rated health and higher depressive symptoms compared to the no/minimal discrimination group. Multiple marginalized identities co-occur and contribute to discrimination. An intersectional approach is recommended to understand discrimination in later life.

Download Full-text

The Patterns of Caregiving Activities for Family Caregivers of Older Adults in Hong Kong: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa203 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Huang ◽

Pui Hing Chau ◽

Edmond Pui Hang Choi ◽

Bei Wu ◽

Vivian W Q Lou

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Daily Living ◽

Latent Class ◽

Class Analysis ◽

High Demand

Abstract Objectives This study identified the classes (i.e., patterns) of caregivers’ activities, based on their engagements in caregiving activities, and explored the characteristics and the caregiver burden of these classes. Methods This study was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey on the profiles of family caregivers of older adults in Hong Kong. A latent class analysis approach was adopted to classify family caregivers (N = 932) according to their routine involvements in 17 daily caregiving activities: 6 activities of daily living (ADLs) and 8 instrumental activities of daily living activities (IADLs) in addition to emotional support, decision making, and financial support. Multinomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression illuminated the characteristics of the classes and compared their levels of caregiver burden. Results The family caregivers fell into 5 classes: All-Round Care (High Demand, 19.5%), All-Round Care (Moderate Demand, 8.2%), Predominant IADLs Care (High Demand, 23.8%), Predominant IADLs Care (Moderate Demand, 32.5%), and Minimal ADLs and IADLs Care (Low Demand, 16.0%). These classes exhibited different characteristics in terms of care recipients’ cognitive statuses and caregiver backgrounds. The levels of caregiver burden differed across classes; the All-Round Care (High Demand) class experienced the highest levels of caregiver burden. Discussion This study contributes to existing scholarship by turning away from a predefined category of care tasks to explore the patterns of caregiving activities. By identifying caregiving activity patterns and understanding their associated characteristics and caregiver burden, prioritizing and targeting caregiver support interventions better is possible.

Download Full-text