scholarly journals Working Group 5: Molecular Spectra

1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
R.W. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Molecular Spectra ◽  
State University ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
The Impact

Molecular spectroscopic activity, and its literature, has continued to proliferate strongly during the reporting period. There has been much work over the entire wavelength range: microwave - extreme ultraviolet. The impact of the methods of laser spectroscopy on the field, and developments in molecular lasers have continued to provide a great stimulus to molecular spectroscopic research. There has also been increasing recognition of the need for fundamental spectroscopic data of all kinds in astrophysical, atmospheric and enviromental research applications. The scope of contemporary interests is displayed in the programme books for the symposia on Molecular Spectroscopy held annually at the Ohio State University. For the past three years the literature of the molecular spectroscopy has been so prolific that it is impossible to make a definitive review even of the astrophysically important contributions beyond brief citations. Important trends are indicated below. Literature citations have been principally compiled from the reports received from individual workers in Centres of Research on molecular spectra.

scholarly journals Working Group 5: Molecular Spectroscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
R. W. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Centres

Research in molecular spectroscopy over much of the electromagnetic spectrum has continued intensively over the past three years. It has been stimulated not only by the imperatives of fundamental research programmes in many laboratories, but also by the impact of molecular lasers on the field, and the needs of atmospheric and environmental programmes. The literature is so prolific that it is impossible even to review briefly here all that is relevant to astrophysical needs. Thus most of this report has been compiled from the contributions from individual workers and Research Centres.

scholarly journals What Literature Tells Us about the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Frederick Luis Aldama
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
The Novel ◽  
State University ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
The Canterbury Tales ◽  
The Last Man

Literature can play an important role in shaping our responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. It can offer us significant insights into how individuals treated the trauma of pandemics in the past, and how to survive in a situation beyond our control. Considering the changes and challenges that the coronavirus might bring for us, we should know that the world we are living in today is shaped by the biological crisis of the past. This understanding can help us deal with the challenges in the current pandemic situation. Literature can show us how the crisis has affected the lives of infected individuals. By exploring the theme of disease and pandemic, which is consistent and well-established in literature (Cooke, 2009), we come across a number of literary works dealing with plagues, epidemics and other forms of biological crises. Among the prominent examples of pandemic literature is Albert Camus’s The Plague (1947), narrating the story of a plague sweeping the French Algerian city of Oran. The novel illustrates the powerlessness of individuals to affect their destinies. Jack London’s The Scarlet Plague (1912) is another story depicting the spread of the Red Death, an uncontrollable epidemic that depopulated and nearly destroyed the world. The book is considered as prophetic of the coronavirus pandemic, especially given London wrote it at a time when the world was not as quickly connected by travel as it is today (Matthews, 2020). Furthermore, Edgar Allan Poe’s The Masque of the Red Death (1842) is a short story on the metaphorical element of the plague. Through the personification of the plague, represented by a mysterious figure as a Red Death victim, the author contemplates on the inevitability of death; the issue is not that people die from the plague, but that people are plagued by death (Steel, 1981). Moreover, Mary Shelley’s The Last Man (1826) is another apocalyptic novel, depicting a future which is ravaged by a plague. Shelley illustrates the concept of immunization in this fiction showing her understanding about the nature of contagion. Pandemic is also depicted in medieval writings, such as Giovanni Boccaccio’s The Decameron and Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales illustrating human behaviour: the fear of infection increased sins such as greed, lust and corruption, which paradoxically led to infection and consequently to both moral and physical death (Grigsby, 2008). In ancient literature, Homer’s Iliad opens with a plague visited upon the Greek camp at Troy to punish the Greeks for Agamemnon’s enslavement of Chryseis. Plague and epidemic were rather frequent catastrophes in   ancient world. When plague spread, no medicine could help, and no one could stop it from striking; the only way to escape was to avoid contact with infected persons and contaminated objects (Tognotti. 2013). Certainly, COVID-19 has shaken up our economic systems and affected all aspects of our living. In this respect, literature can give us the opportunity to think through how similar crises were dealt with previously, and how we might structure our societies more equitably in their aftermath. Thus, in order to explore what literature tells us about the pandemic, the following interview is conducted with Frederick Aldama, a Distinguished Professor of English at the Ohio State University.

scholarly journals Impact of Race and Geographic Location on Outcomes in Allogeneic Transplant

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
Audrey M. Sigmund ◽  
Qiuhong Zhao ◽  
Justin Jiang ◽  
Patrick Elder ◽  
Don M. Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
State University ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) is a potential curative therapy for a variety of both malignant and nonmalignant hematologic disorders. However, allo-HCT is costly and requires highly specialized, technologically advanced care that is only available in select healthcare centers across the country. Due to its cost and limited availability, minority populations are at risk for healthcare disparities in access to and outcomes of allo-HCT. Prior studies have focused on the impact of health disparities, including race, and geographic residence at time of transplant, on allo-HCT outcomes with variable results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of race and location of residence on outcomes of allo-HCT at one major referral institution. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients that underwent allo-HCT at the Ohio State University from 1984 to 2018. The impact of demographic factors including race and place of primary residence were assessed. Patients were divided into race defined as Caucasian, African American (AA), and other. They were also grouped by zip code into rural, suburban, and urban groups. Rural was defined as less than 1000 people per square mile, suburban between 1000-3000 people per square mile, and urban greater than 3000 people per square mile. 2018 population estimates were used. Patients were then stratified into 7 groups based on year (yr) of transplant for analysis. Group (gp) 1 included 1984-1988, gp 2 1989-1993, gp 3 1994-1998, gp 4 1999-2003, gp 5 2004-2008, gp 6 2009-2013, and gp 7 2014-2018. Primary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). PFS and OS were calculated using Kaplan Meier Curves and compared using log-rank test between race and residence groups. Results: A total of 1,943 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, median age at time of transplant was 50 years old (range 18-76), and 59.6% were male. AML/MDS patients made up the majority of the cohort at 46.3%, with the other most common diagnoses being non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (14.2%), acute lymphocytic leukemia (11.8%), and chronic myeloid leukemia (10.1%). Most patients (94.3%) identified as Caucasian, while 4.6% identified as AA, and 1.1% other. The majority of patients lived in a rural area at the time of transplant with 63.4% rural, 22.9% suburban, and 13.8% urban. There was no significant difference in OS or PFS between Caucasian and AA patients (Figure 1A and B; p=0.15, 0.21). Median OS for AA was 1.9 yrs [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8-3.6] as compared to 2.3 yrs (95% CI: 1.9-2.9) for Caucasians, with 5 -yr OS of 33 vs. 42% and 10-yr OS of 21 vs. 36% for AA and Caucasian, respectively. Median PFS was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.5-2.7) and 1.3 yrs (95% CI 1.1-1.6), with 5 -yr PFS of 30 vs. 37% and 10-yr PFS of 21 vs. 32% for AA and Caucasian, respectively. There also was no significant difference in OS or PFS between rural, urban, and suburban patients (Figure 2A and 2B; p=0.39, 0.17), with median OS in the three groups 2.2 (95%CI: 1.7-2.9), 2.9 (95%CI: 1.6-4.5), and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.6-3.6) yrs, and 5-yr OS of 40 vs. 43 vs. 43% and 10-yr OS of 33 vs. 39 vs. 39%, respectively. Median PFS were 2.2 (95%CI: 1.7-2.9), 2.9 (95%CI: 1.6-4.5), and 2.2 yrs [95% CI: 1.6-3.6], with 5-yr PFS of 36 vs. 40 vs. 38% and 10-yr PFS of 30 vs. 37 vs. 35%, respectively. Conclusion: Our study suggests that once patients undergo allo-HCT, there is no significant difference in outcomes between patients based on race or residence. This finding suggests that while these underserved populations may initially have less access to specialized care for HCT, if they ultimately undergo allo-HCT, outcomes are similar to their counterparts. Our study did show a significantly lower rates of allo-HCT performed in non-Caucasian races (94% Caucasians vs 4.6% AA and 1% other), which may reflect disparities in access to care in these groups as well as a lack of donors. Further research is needed to assess the barriers for these underserved patients to undergo transplant and to help ameliorate these barriers. Disclosures Chaudhry: Sanofi: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Bumma:Amgen: Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Speakers Bureau. Khan:Amgen: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Devarakonda:Janssen: Consultancy. Vasu:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Omeros: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kiadis Inc: Other: Kiadis has obtained exclusive licensing requirements from The OHio State University. Jaglowski:Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Juno: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; CRISPR: Consultancy. William:Merck: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Dova: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Guidepoint Global: Consultancy; Kyowa Kirin: Consultancy, Honoraria. Mims:Syndax Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kura Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: Other: Senior Medical Director for Beat AML Study; Agios: Consultancy; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Other: Data Safety Monitoring Board. Brammer:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Speakers Bureau; Celgene Corporation: Research Funding. Efebera:Celgene: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Ohio State University: Current Employment.

Abstract 351: Current Barriers for College Students to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Strangers and Family Members

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Dluzynski ◽  
Trey Baird ◽  
Trevor Short ◽  
Rachel VanScoy ◽  
Ashish R Panchal
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Family Members ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
The Impact

Background: As opioid associated cardiac arrests increase on US college campuses, there is a need for students to learn and perform CPR. These arrests are respiratory in origin and require provision of compressions with rescue breathing (conventional CPR) over hands-only CPR. Unfortunately, only some college students will provide rescue breaths as mouth to mouth contact is a leading barrier to initiate CPR. The objective of this study was to evaluate the barriers of college students to performing conventional CPR on strangers and family members. Methods: Undergraduate students at The Ohio State University were recruited from Jan 2018 to Dec 2019 to participate in a survey. Respondents’ demographic data were collected, and they were asked about their attitudes concerning performing conventional CPR on strangers and family. This was followed by identifying their potential barriers to performing conventional CPR. Inclusion criteria were age > 17 and missing < 10% of survey data. Barriers were compared between respondents who were unlikely to perform CPR (unlikely) and those likely to perform CPR (likely). Descriptive statistics were calculated. Results: A total of 883 surveys were included in the analysis (response rate 74%). Of these respondents, 495 (56%) were likely to perform CPR on a stranger and 743 (84%) were likely to perform CPR on a family member. When performing CPR on a stranger, the barriers of fear of an incorrect method (unlikely: 81% vs likely: 61%, P<0.001) and mouth to mouth contact (unlikely: 31% vs likely: 24%, p=0.03) were different between groups while facing legal risk and causing harm to the victim were not. In contrast, when performing CPR on a family member, there were no differences between groups except for the fear of applying an incorrect method, which persisted as a larger barrier for those unlikely to perform CPR (unlikely: 72% vs likely: 62%, p<0.05). Conclusion: There are many barriers that influence college students’ intention to perform CPR. Surprisingly, the most significant barrier reported by both groups was fear of performing CPR incorrectly, while the fear of mouth-to-mouth contact was not as prevalent. Further evaluation is necessary in the post-COVID-19 era to understand the impact of increased fear of infectious diseases.

Five Decades of Research Experience in Speech Anatomy and Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The University ◽  
East Carolina University

This report highlights some of the major developments in the area of speech anatomy and physiology drawing from the author's own research experience during his years at the University of Iowa and the University of Illinois. He has benefited greatly from mentors including Professors James Curtis, Kenneth Moll, and Hughlett Morris at the University of Iowa and Professor Paul Lauterbur at the University of Illinois. Many colleagues have contributed to the author's work, especially Professors Jerald Moon at the University of Iowa, Bradley Sutton at the University of Illinois, Jamie Perry at East Carolina University, and Youkyung Bae at the Ohio State University. The strength of these researchers and their students bodes well for future advances in knowledge in this important area of speech science.

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