scholarly journals Solar Neutron Observations During the Coming Solar Maximum: A Plan on the Japan-China Collaborative Project

1989 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Kunitomo Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Solar Maximum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Solar Neutron ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Collaborative Program

AbstractNeutrons are sometimes released from solar flares accompanied by generation of high energy protons and other nuclei and some of them occasionally reach the earth before they decay radioactively. Together with the satellite observations on gamma ray and neutron emissions associated with such flares, the ground-based observations of these neutrons give us a clue to understand the possible nuclear interactions of those protons and nuclei with gases ambient in the solar atmosphere. A review is given on the Japan-China collaborative program on the ground-based observations of these neutrons for the coming solar maximum, though there still remain obstacles to be resolved.

High-Energy Solar Gamma-Ray Observations

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 755-758
Author(s):  
M. Yoshimori ◽  
N. Saita ◽  
A. Shiozawa
Keyword(s):  
Particle Acceleration ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Solar Maximum ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Gamma Ray Emission

In the last solar maximum, gamma-rays associated with solar flares were observed with GRANAT, GAMMA-1, CGRO and YOHKOH. The gamma-ray energies ranged from 100 keV to a few GeV. We obtained several new findings of gamma-ray emission on the Sun: (1) Gamma-ray production in the corona, (2) GeV gamma-ray production in very long duration flares, (3) Electron-rich flares, (4) Gamma-ray lines and solar atmospheric abundances and (5) Possible location of gamma-ray emission. We present the observations of these new findings and discuss high energy phenomena relating to particle acceleration and gamma-ray production during solar flares.

Solar neutron flux in the energy range 20–160 MeV

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (18) ◽  
pp. 2155-2161 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Flux ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Sunspot Number ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Neutron ◽  
Nuclear Emulsions ◽  
The Difference

An attempt to measure the flux of high-energy solar neutrons was made by measuring the difference in flux from the direction of the sun and from the symmetrical direction about the zenith, using oriented nuclear emulsions flown by balloon on July 30, 1966 from Fort Churchill, Manitoba.An excess of (2.2 ± 2.5) × 10−2 neutrons cm−2 s−1 was observed from the direction of the sun in the energy region of 20–160 MeV. On the day of the flight the sunspot number was 63, and no major solar flares were reported.

scholarly journals Particle Acceleration in Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections

2000 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
R. P. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Acceleration ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle Events ◽  
High Energy Particles

The Sun accelerates ions up to tens of GeV and electrons up to 100s of MeV in solar flares and coronal mass ejections. The energy in the accelerated tens-of-keV electrons and possibly ~1 MeV ions constitutes a significant fraction of the total energy released in a flare, implying that the particle acceleration and flare energy release mechanisms are intimately related. The total rate of energy release in transients from flares down to microflares/nanoflares may be significant for heating the active solar corona.Shock waves driven by fast CMEs appear to accelerate the high-energy particles in large solar energetic particle events detected at 1 AU. Smaller SEP events are dominated by ~1 to tens-of-keV electrons, with low fluxes of up to a few MeV/nucleon ions, typically enriched in 3He. The acceleration in gamma-ray flares appears to resemble that in these small electron-3He SEP events.

scholarly journals IMPULSIVE AND LONG DURATION HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM THE VERY BRIGHT 2012 MARCH 7 SOLAR FLARES

2014 ◽  
Vol 789 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ajello ◽  
A. Albert ◽  
A. Allafort ◽  
L. Baldini ◽  
G. Barbiellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Gamma Ray Emission

High-energy gamma-ray emission from solar flares: Constraining the accelerated proton spectrum

Solar Physics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alexander ◽  
Philip P. Dunphy ◽  
Alexander L. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Spectrum ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Gamma Ray Emission

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray Precursors of Solar Flares

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
E. Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometer ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Negligible Contribution

AbstractBursts have been observed by the gamma-ray spectrometer on SMM at medium- and high-energy gamma-rays that precede the flare maximum. The negligible contribution of nuclear lines in the spectra of these events and their impulsive appearance suggests that they are hard-electron-dominated events superposed on the flares. Spatial resolution at gamma-ray energies will be necessary to decide whether this kind of bursts is cospatial with the flares or whether they occur in the flares’ vicinity.Subject headings: Sun: flares — Sun: X-rays, gamma rays

scholarly journals A Satellite Experiment to Measure the Intensity and the Energy Spectrum of Gamma Rays from Solar Flares in the Range 50–500 MeV

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
G. F. Bignami ◽  
C. J. Bland ◽  
O. Citterio ◽  
A. J. Dean ◽  
P. Inzani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Solar Flare ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Satellite Experiment

A high energy solar gamma-ray telescope incorporating a lenticular Čerenkov for directional measurement and an energy calorimeter is described. The instrument is included in the payload of the TD-1 ESRO spacecraft to be launched into a sun-pointing orbit during spring 1972. The results of laboratory and accelerator tests are presented and the sensitivity and measurement capability to solar flare gamma rays is discussed.

Design, Build and Test of the VOEvent Network for the SVOM Chinese Ground Segment

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (S339) ◽  
pp. 353-353
Author(s):  
M. Zhang ◽  
M. Huang ◽  
C. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Data Reduction ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
Design Build ◽  
Science Centre ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe Space-based, multi-band, astronomical Variable Object Monitor (SVOM) is a collaborative project between China and France dedicated to the detection, localisation and study of about 60 Gamma Ray Bursts per year, and other high-energy transient phenomena. SVOM is planned to be launched in 2021, with a lifetime of 3–5 years. The poster described our construction and testing of a prototype to set up an interface between our data reduction sub-system, the global VOEvent network, and the French science centre.

scholarly journals Late Ordovician geographic patterns of extinction compared with simulations of astrophysical ionizing radiation damage

Paleobiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian L. Melott ◽  
Brian C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mass Extinctions ◽  
Observable Universe ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
High Rotational Speed ◽  
Wide Range

Terrestrial mass extinctions have been attributed to a wide range of causes. Some of them are external to Earth, such as bolide impacts (as widely discussed for the K/T boundary) and radiation events. Among radiation events, there are possible large solar flares, nearby supernovae, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and others. These have variable intensity, duration, and probability of occurrence, although some generalizations are possible in understanding their effects (Ejzak et al. 2007). Here we focus on gamma-ray bursts (Thorsett 1995; Scalo and Wheeler 2002), a proposed causal agent for the end-Ordovician extinction. These are the most remote and infrequent of events, but by virtue of their power, a threat approximately competitive with, for example, that of nearby supernovae. A GRB of the most powerful type (Woosley and Bloom 2006) is thought to result from a supernova at the end of stellar evolution for very massive stars with high rotational speed. Much of their energy is channeled into beams, or jets, which include very high energy electromagnetic energy, i.e., gamma-rays and X-rays. It is a testament to the power of these events, far across the observable universe, that they were first detected in the 1969–1970 results from monitoring satellites designed to detect nuclear explosions on Earth's surface. It was not until the 1990s, when the distance to the events became known, that their power became apparent. Several such events occur every day in the observable universe. Other kinds of events are also potentially damaging, such as so-called short bursts and solar flares, but rate information is only now beginning to clarify how much threat is likely from such sources.

The energetic electron instrument (IDEE) onboard the TARANIS spacecraft to search lightning-connected energetic electron populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubomir Prech ◽  
Pierre-Louis Blelly ◽  
Pierre Devoto ◽  
Jean-Andre Sauvaud ◽  
Kingwah Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energetic Electron ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Very High ◽  
Scientific Payload

<p>TARANIS (Tool for the Analysis of RAdiations from lightNIngs and Sprites) is a French CNES microsatellite dedicated to the study of the impulsive energy transfer between the Earth’s atmosphere and the space environment as widely observed above the active thunderstorm regions. After years of development and testing, the satellite is approaching to its launch (expected in June 2020). The comprehensive satellite scientific payload incorporates optical, field, and particle sensors including the energetic electron instrument (IDEE) with very high sensitivity and time resolution. Its main scientific tasks are: to measure high resolution energetic electron spectra (70 keV to 4MeV) and pitch angle distributions, to separate upward accelerated electrons and downward precipitated electrons, to detect burst of electrons associated with Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes, to identify Lightning-induced Electron Precipitation (LEP), and to provide alert signals about high-energy electron bursts to other TARANIS experiments.  The aim of this contribution is to describe the final design and expected performance of the IDEE experiment, including the data products. We also want to show how we are going to enhance the today’s scientific knowledge of the thunderstorm related phenomena in synergy with other ground-based and space-born experiments.</p>

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