scholarly journals Study of multicharged heavy ion generation from CO2 laser-produced plasma

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Baranov ◽  
K.N. Makarov ◽  
V.C. Roerich ◽  
Yu.A. Satov ◽  
A.N. Starostin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Ion Generation ◽  
Wavelength Radiation ◽  
Laser Heated ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Power Densities

The results of lead ion generation with charge state from Pb10+ to Pb35+ from laser-heated plasma are presented. CO2 lasers producing 10.6-μm wavelength radiation at power densities in the range 4.1011-6.1014 W/cm2 in TBKI and CERN were used. Results of detailed numerical simulations presented in the paper are in good agreement with the experimental data. Work done in collaboration with CERN, ITEP, and TBKI was aimed at the specification of requirements for a laser system that will be able to drive an ion source for the hadron collider (LHC) at CERN.

scholarly journals High-Intensity Laser-Driven Oxygen Source from CW Laser-Heated Titanium Tape Targets

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Kotaro Kondo ◽  
Mamiko Nishiuchi ◽  
Hironao Sakaki ◽  
Nicholas P. Dover ◽  
Hazel F. Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Laser Target ◽  
Cw Laser ◽  
High Intensity Laser ◽  
Laser Heated ◽  
Intensity Laser

The interaction of high-intensity laser pulses with solid targets can be used as a highly charged, energetic heavy ion source. Normally, intrinsic contaminants on the target surface suppress the performance of heavy ion acceleration from a high-intensity laser–target interaction, resulting in preferential proton acceleration. Here, we demonstrate that CW laser heating of 5 µm titanium tape targets can remove contaminant hydrocarbons in order to expose a thin oxide layer on the metal surface, ideal for the generation of energetic oxygen beams. This is demonstrated by irradiating the heated targets with a PW class high-power laser at an intensity of 5 × 1021 W/cm2, showing enhanced acceleration of oxygen ions with a non-thermal-like distribution. Our new scheme using a CW laser-heated Ti tape target is promising for use as a moderate repetition energetic oxygen ion source for future applications.

scholarly journals Physical mechanisms leading to high currents of highly charged ions in laser-driven ion sources

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Haseroth ◽  
Heinrich Hora
Keyword(s):  
Electron Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Impact Ionization ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Ion Sources ◽  
Laser Ion Source ◽  
Laser Plasma Interactions ◽  
Ion Generation ◽  
Ponderomotive Forces ◽  
Short Time

Heavy ion sources for the big accelerators, for example, the LHC, require considerably more ions per pulse during a short time than the best developed classical ion source, the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) provides; thus an alternative ion source is needed. This can be expected from laser-produced plasmas, where dramatically new types of ion generation have been observed. Experiments with rather modest lasers have confirmed operation with one million pulses of 1 Hz, and 1011 C4+ ions per pulse reached 2 GeV/u in the Dubna synchrotron. We review here the complexities of laser-plasma interactions to underline the unique and extraordinary possibilities that the laser ion source offers. The complexities are elaborated with respect to keV and MeV ion generation, nonlinear (ponderomotive) forces, self-focusing, resonances and “hot” electrons, parametric instabilities, double-layer effects, and the few ps stochastic pulsation (stuttering). Recent experiments with the laser ion source have been analyzed to distinguish between the ps and ns interaction, and it was discovered that one mechanism of highly charged ion generation is the electron impact ionization (EII) mechanism, similar to the ECR, but with so much higher plasma densities that the required very large number of ions per pulse are produced.

scholarly journals Performance of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (24) ◽  
pp. 1430044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Alice Experiment ◽  
Cern Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Analysis Methods

ALICE is the heavy-ion experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The experiment continuously took data during the first physics campaign of the machine from fall 2009 until early 2013, using proton and lead-ion beams. In this paper we describe the running environment and the data handling procedures, and discuss the performance of the ALICE detectors and analysis methods for various physics observables.

A precision gas feeding system for a PIG heavy ion source

1988 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-458
Author(s):  
T. Onodera ◽  
K. Kotajima ◽  
T. Yamaya ◽  
O. Satoh ◽  
T. Shinozuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Feeding System

scholarly journals ηQ Meson Photoproduction in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong-Ming Yu ◽  
Gao-Gao Zhao ◽  
Zhen Bai ◽  
Yan-Bing Cai ◽  
Hai-Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Quarkonium ◽  
Color Singlet ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Color Octet ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
The Matrix

The transverse momentum distributions for inclusive ηc,b meson described by gluon-gluon interactions from photoproduction processes in relativistic heavy ion collisions are calculated. We considered the color-singlet (CS) and color-octet (CO) components within the framework of Nonrelativistic Quantum Chromodynamics (NRQCD) in the production of heavy quarkonium. The phenomenological values of the matrix elements for the color-singlet and color-octet components give the main contribution to the production of heavy quarkonium from the gluon-gluon interaction caused by the emission of additional gluon in the initial state. The numerical results indicate that the contribution of photoproduction processes cannot be negligible for midrapidity in p-p and Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies.

scholarly journals Small System Collectivity in Relativistic Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Nagle ◽  
William A. Zajc
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Small System ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Bulk Motion ◽  
Inviscid Hydrodynamics

The bulk motion of nuclear matter at the ultrahigh temperatures created in heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider is well described in terms of nearly inviscid hydrodynamics, thereby establishing this system of quarks and gluons as the most perfect fluid in nature. A revolution in the field is under way, spearheaded by the discovery of similar collective, fluid-like phenomena in much smaller systems including p+ p, p+ A, d+Au, and3He+Au collisions. We review these exciting new observations and their profound implications for hydrodynamic descriptions of small and/or out-of-equilibrium systems.

Laser ion source for heavy ion accelerators

1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 2841-2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Yu. Sharkov ◽  
A. V. Shumshurov ◽  
V. P. Dubenkow ◽  
O. B. Shamaev ◽  
A. A. Golubev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Laser Ion Source

The polarized heavy ion source at the NSF in daresbury

1989 ◽  
Vol 274 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Karban ◽  
W.C. Hardy ◽  
K.A. Connell ◽  
S.E. Darden ◽  
C.O. Blyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source
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