Estimation of arboreal arthropod density in a dry evergreen forest in Northeastern Thailand

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Watanabe ◽  
Sawaeng Ruaysoongnern
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Arboreal Arthropods ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons ◽  
Northeastern Thailand

ABSTRACTThe density of arboreal arthropods in a dry evergreen forest in Northeastern Thailand was investigated by the insecticide fogging (knockdown) method. Arthropod densities of 256.4 and 140.4 m-2 were recorded in the dry season and 195.2 and 123.1 m-2 in the rainy season. The main orders were Collembola, Thysanoptera, Hymenoptera (mainly Formicidae) and Hemiptera. Distinct differences were not found in the arthropod faunal structure and density between the dry and rainy seasons. However, this fauna is completely eliminated by the clearing and burning of forest for shifting cultivation.The results of an experiment investigating the rate of arthropod fall after application of insecticide are presented and problems concerning the efficiency of the estimation methods used in this study are discussed.

STUDI BIONOMIK VEKTOR MALARIA DI KECAMATAN KALIBAWANG, KULONPROGO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardjito Eko Windarso dkk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Anopheles Species ◽  
Commercial Farming ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The increasing of malaria cases in recent years at Kecamatan Kalibawang has been suspected correspond with the conversion of farming land-use which initiated in 1993. Four years after the natural vegetation in this area were changed become cocoa and coffee commercial farming estates, the number of malaria cases in 1997 rose more than six times, and in 2000 it reached 6085. This study were aimed to observe whether there were any differences in density and diversity of Anopheles as malaria vector between the cocoa and mix farming during dry and rainy seasons. The results of the study are useful for considering the appropriate methods, times and places for mosquito vector controlling. The study activities comprised of collecting Anopheles as well as identifying the species to determine the density and diversity of the malaria vector. Both activities were held four weeks in dry season and four weeks in rainy season. The mea-surement of physical factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were also conducted to support the study results. Four dusuns which meet the criteria and had the highest malaria cases were selected as study location. Descriptively, the results shows that the number of collected Anopheles in cocoa farming were higher compared with those in mix horticultural farming; and the number of Anopheles species identifi ed in cocoa farming were also more varied than those in the mix horticultural farming.Key words: bionomik vektor malaria, anopheles,

scholarly journals Sexual behavior of 'morada nova' breeding sheep under semi-intensive rearing during the mating season in the brazilian semiarid

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3657
Author(s):  
Luana de Fátima Damasceno dos Santos ◽  
Edgard Cavalcanti Pimenta Filho ◽  
Edilson Paes Saraiva ◽  
Dermeval Araújo Furtado ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Execution Frequency ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons ◽  
Intensive System

This study aimed to evaluate the sexual behavior of 'Morada Nova' breeding sheep reared in the Brazilian semi-arid during dry and rainy seasons in a semi-intensive system. The behavioral data were gathered from 4 rams and 114 ewes, among which 55 during the rainy season and the other 59 females in the dry season. The behavioral observations were conducted from 6 am to 5 pm, during both periods. The observations were carried out continuously and split into 'event' (execution frequency) and 'state' (execution time). During the rainy season, the breeding sheep showed the most efficient sexual behavior, with a shorter reaction time (RT) and less frequent mount attempts (MA), being of 122 sec and 2.97, respectively. However, throughout the dry period, some sexual behaviors such as sniffing the urogenital of females (SUF), penis exposure (EXP), head tossing (HT), and courting of females (FC) became more frequent, mainly in the afternoon, as with the flehmen response (FR). Male courting behavior was more evident in the rainy season during the end of the day, remaining less active during the dry period. Sexual behavior intensity in 'Morada Nova' sheep varies throughout the day, especially in the dry season.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS SUPPLEMENTATION ON PREGNANCY IN WHITE FULANI (BUNAJI) CATTLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
E. C. I. Molokwu ◽  
N. N. Umunna ◽  
S. M. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
White Fulani ◽  
Plasma Phosphorus ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

THE effect of bone meal supplementation on pregnancy and plasma phosphorus level in White Fulani (Bunaji) cattle was investigated over a 13-month period. The monthly mean plasma levels of inorganic phosphorus for supplemented Cows varied from 4.63mg/100ml in dry season to 8.09mg/100ml in the rainy season in contrast to 3.07 to 7.09/100ml in the dry and rainy seasons respectively, for the controls. Bonemeal supplementation resulted in earlier conception and calving. Fifty percent of the supplemented cows calved by the end of the period of supplementation in contrast to 25 percent of the controls. By two months after the study period, 100% of cows that received the supplementation had conceived compared with 87.50% of the controls. It is concluded from the study that bonemeal is a practical method for improving the fertility of White Fulani cattle in the grazing areas of Nigeria where soil and forage are deficient in phosphorus 

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE AND SEASONALITY OF LIVESTOCK DISEASES IN ZARIA, NIGERIA: A TEN YEAR NECROPSY STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
P. D Halle ◽  
M. A. Raji ◽  
N. D. G. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Livestock Diseases ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

A ten-year (1986 - 1995) record of necropsy report on diagnosed livestock diseases in Zaria, Kaduna State is evaluated to determine the prevalence and seasonal occurrence of the major livestock diseases in the Northern part of Nigeria. A total 1093 animals comprising 132 cattle, 240 goat 318 shell, 20 horses, 47 pigs and 336dogs were examined at necropsy. Some diseases such as cowdriosis, Pneumonia, Ectoparasitism, and Haemonchosis showed seasonal fluctuation while others like Babesiosis, Trypanosomiasis and physical injuries were evenly distributed throughout the year. The major problem of livestock in Zaria was Pneunonia (247 cases) with a seasonal occurrence of 38.6% and 61.31% for the dry and rainy seasons respectively. During the rainy season, cowdriosis (17.42%) in cattle, Pneumonia (25.0%, 21.10% and 20.0%) in goats, sheep and horses; gastroenteritis (14.89%) and starvation/malnutrition (14.89%) in pigs and rabies (8.93%) in dogs were the major problems. Starvation/malnutrition (4.17%) in Goats and gastroenteritis (12.5%) were more prevalent during the dry season. The relevance during of this report to effective control measures for the livestock resources in Nigeria is also highlighted.

scholarly journals Caatinga Albedo Preserved and Replaced by Pasture in Northeast Brazil

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1622
Author(s):  
Alcindo Mariano Souza ◽  
Cláudio Moisés Santos e Silva ◽  
Bergson Guedes Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Seasonally Dry ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Local Standard ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The caatinga is considered South America’s largest seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and one of the most vulnerable endemic biomes in relation to climate change. The surface albedo in caatinga is relevant to understanding the role of this biome in the climate of the Northeast region of Brazil. Thus, a comparative analysis was conducted between the albedos of preserved and anthropized caatinga (pasture). Data were collected using CNR4-type net radiometers during the dry and rainy seasons. The mean albedo values were higher in the Pasture both in the dry and rainy season, with values of 0.181 and 0.177, respectively. In the caatinga, the mean albedo values were 0.137 in the dry season and 0.146 in the rainy season. The hourly average values for albedo, taken between 6:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., with intervals of 30 min, were also higher in the pasture. For convenience, this study uses local standard time (LST), which is 3 h behind from coordinated universal time (UTC). The greatest dispersions in the frequencies of the mean hourly albedo values occurred in the early morning and late afternoon. Some of the consequences of this study is the confirmation that there is an increase in albedo in caatinga replaced by pasture and this causes a reduction in the net radiation and also the finding that a region where there is adequate pasture management also enables albedo management and from solar radiation. And that further studies can indicate the impacts on temperature and precipitation, especially in warmer periods during the dry season.

Evapotranspiration during the late rainy season and middle of the dry season in the watershed of an evergreen forest area, central Cambodia

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Nobuhiro ◽  
Akira Shimizu ◽  
Naoki Kabeya ◽  
Koji Tamai ◽  
Eriko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Evergreen Forest

Kondisi Gradien Temperatur terhadap Proses Pengenceran Smog Fotokimia di Cekungan Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Sumaryati Sumaryati ◽  
Asri Indrawati ◽  
Dyah Aries Tanti
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Photochemical Smog ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Basin Topography ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

ABSTRACTBig cities with valley or basin topography such as Bandung, generally have problems with air pollution due to the inversion layer and photochemical smog formations. The inversion conditions cause photochemical smog settling so that the air looks dark on the surface. This study was conducted to analyze the character of inversion events in Bandung due to vertical temperature changes. The inversion layer is obtained from the TAPM (The Air Pollution Model) model and in situ measurement of vertical temperatures by flying a temperature sensor to get the temperature profile. The TAPM running model is carried out in July and December following the dry and rainy seasons. In situ temperature observations are carried out in September 2018 using a drone according to the dry season and data corresponding to the rainy season using data from previous research with a radiosonde balloon. The running model results show that the inversion layer in the rainy season is stronger and more persistent than in the dry season. The inversion layer at night until morning occurs at the surface level, then the inversion layer rises, and finally, the inversion layer breaks up around 10:00 in July and around 12:00 in December. Validation with in situ measurements shows similarity in the pattern. The inversion event correlates with the subsidence and dilution of smog and photochemical smog pollutants from the edge of the Bandung Basin area.Keywords: basin, urban, photochemical smog, inversionABSTRAKKota besar dengan topografi berbentuk lembah atau cekungan seperti Bandung, umumnya memiliki masalah dengan polusi udara karena adanya pembentukkan lapisan inversi dan smog fotokimia. Kondisi inversi menyebabkan terjadinya pengendapan smog fotokimia, sehingga udara terlihat gelap pada permukaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis karakter kejadian inversi di Cekungan Bandung akibat dari perubahan temperatur vertikal. Lapisan inversi diperoleh dari model TAPM (Model Polusi Udara) dan pengukuran in situ temperatur vertikal dengan menerbangkan sensor suhu untuk mendapatkan profil suhu. Running model TAPM dilakukan pada bulan Juli dan bulan Desember berkesesuaian dengan musim kemarau dan hujan, sedangkan pengamatan temperatur in situ dilakukan pada bulan September 2018 dengan menggunakan wahana drone yang berkesesuaian dengan musim kemarau, serta untuk data yang berkesesuaian dengan musim hujan menggunakan data hasil penelitian sebelumnya dengan wahana balon radiosonde. Hasil running model menunjukkan, lapisan inversi pada musim hujan lebih kuat dan lebih persisten dari pada musim kemarau. Lapisan inversi pada malam sampai pagi hari terjadi pada level permukaan, kemudian lapisan inversi ini naik dan akhirnya lapisan inversi pecah sekitar pukul 10:00 pada bulan Juli dan sekitar pukul 12:00 pada bulan Desember. Validasi dengan pengukuran in situ menunjukkan kemiripan pola. Kejadian inversi berkorelasi dengan pengendapan dan pengenceran polutan smog dan smog fotokimia dari pinggir Cekungan Bandung. Kata kunci: cekungan, urban, smog fotokimia, inversi

Alkalinization and acidification of stream water with changes in atmospheric deposition in a tropical dry evergreen forest of northeastern Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 836-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sase ◽  
Naoyuki Yamashita ◽  
Jesada Luangjame ◽  
Hathairatana Garivait ◽  
Bopit Kietvuttinon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Northeastern Thailand

Brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) associated with the octocoral Carijoa riisei (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from the littoral of Pernambuco, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1263-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Neves ◽  
E.J.B. Lima ◽  
C.D. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
First Record ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Disc Diameter ◽  
Carijoa Riisei ◽  
The Many ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

The present work records for the first time the association between ophiuroids and the octocoral Carijoa riisei. Carijoa riisei is a colonial octocoral very abundant in the littoral of Pernambuco (Brazil), with growth by creeping stolons with an arborescent structure creating an optimal environment for epibionts. The objectives of the work were to identify the species of Ophiuroidea associated with C. riisei, and to verify the existence of seasonality through the density, abundance and frequency of sampled taxa. Due to the known relationship between the ophiuroids and sponges related in the literature, the sponges founded associated with C. riisei were recorded. Seasonal samples of the beaches of Porto de Galinhas and Guadalupe were realized. In Guadalupe, 39 and 21 ophiuroids (dry and rainy seasons respectively) belonging to the families Ophiactidae (Ophiactis savignyi, Ophiactis lymani) and Ophiotrichidae (Ophiotrhix angulata) were identified. Ophiactis savignyi stood out in all the analysed stations (48.72% in dry season and 52.38% in rainy season). The average density of the ophiuroids was 10.74 ind/100 g of C. riisei, varying from 12.56 ind/100 g in the dry season to 8.92 ind/100 g, in the rainy season. Amongst the species of ophiuroids recorded in the samples, O. savignyi showed 80% and 100% frequency of occurrence in the dry and the rainy seasons, respectively, and O. lymani showed 80% during the dry season. The presence of O. lymani in Guadalupe constitutes the first record in Pernambuco state. Taking into account that all the ophiuroids collected in Guadalupe were considered juveniles (1–3 mm of disc diameter), the microhabitat created by C. riisei may be utilized as a recruitment place for some ophiuroids. No ophiuroids were found at Porto de Galinhas beach, just as for sponges. On the other hand, the ophiuroids were always found with sponges in Guadalupe beach. For this reason, the ecological relation of the ophiuroids with C. riisei could be observed as an occasional relation, in the way that the octocoral supplies a support structure to the growth of the many sponges that have given a favourable habitat to shelter ophiuroids.

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