Abundance of liana species in an Amazonian forest of Brazil reflects neither adventitious root nor foliar sprout production

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Ricardo Rodrigues Piovesan ◽  
José Luís Campana Camargo ◽  
Robyn Jeanette Burnham ◽  
Isolde Dorothea Kossmann Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Vegetative Regeneration

Abstract:Liana abundance and size have increased in neotropical forests. High vegetative reproductive capacity (clonality) may be the cause of high abundance in some liana species. Correlations between vegetative propagation capacity and (1) relative abundance of liana species, (2) rooting and foliar sprouting potentials of congeneric species, and (3) phylogenetic position were determined. Species selection was based on the relative abundance of lianas in ten 0.5-ha parcels in continuous forest within the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), Brazil. Five individuals per species were replicated with seven cuttings per individual. Cuttings placed in moistened sand and coconut fibre were observed for 5 mo in a humid greenhouse. Survival percentage, rooting percentage, potential regeneration index and longest root length were determined per species. The two most abundant species (9.3% and 4.1% relative abundance) had low vegetative regeneration capacity, contrary to expectations. However, a significant, positive relationship between vegetative propagation and relative abundance of liana species whose relative abundances were <4% was found. Congeneric species showed no difference in vegetative propagation between rare and abundant species, except congeners of Machaerium. Vegetative reproductive capacity occurred in all major evolutionary lineages, but was highest in Fabaceae and Bignoniaceae, families of high abundance both locally and broadly across Neotropical forests.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Abundance of Dermacentor reticulatus in the Habitats of the Ecological Corridor of the Wieprz River, Eastern Poland

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Zając ◽  
Aleksandra Sędzikowska ◽  
Weronika Maślanko ◽  
Aneta Woźniak ◽  
Joanna Kulisz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Dermacentor Reticulatus ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Ecological Corridors ◽  
Tick Activity ◽  
Ecological Corridor

Ecological corridors are zones of natural vegetation, which connect with other vegetation strips to create migration routes for animals and plants. The aim of our study was to investigate the occurrence and relative abundance of Dermacentor reticulatus in various habitats of the ecological corridor of the Wieprz River in eastern Poland. Ticks were collected using the flagging method in seven sites within the ecological corridor of the Wieprz River, i.e., one of the longest uninterrupted vegetation strips in eastern Poland. The presence of D. reticulatus adults was confirmed in each of the examined sites. The autumn peak of tick activity dominated in most plots. During this period, on average up to 309.7 individuals were collected within 30-min. The results of our study show that, due to the high abundance of local D. reticulatus populations, the habitats located in the ecological corridor of the Wieprz River can be regarded as preferred habitats of this tick species.

scholarly journals Trouble in Paradise? A comparison of 1953 and 2005 benthonic foraminiferal seafloor assemblages at the Ibis Field, offshore eastern Trinidad, West Indies

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
South American ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Environmental Perturbations ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Shrimp Farms

Abstract. Foraminiferal communities are not static, but change in response to environmental perturbations. Given sufficient time, the change will be recorded in the total (live+dead) seafloor assemblage, from which valuable information regarding environmental trends can be obtained by re-sampling assemblages at the decadal scale.The seafloor assemblage in the 5 km × 6 km Ibis Field, off southeast Trinidad, first surveyed in 1953, was re-examined in 2005. The fauna had changed markedly between the surveys. Overall increases in the proportional abundances of Uvigerina subperegrina, Ammonia pauciloculata/Rolhausenia rolhauseni and Pseudononion atlanticum indicate an increase in nutrient supply that apparently killed off Cibicidoides pseudoungerianus and Miliolinella subrotunda, and reduced the relative abundance of Hanzawaia concentrica, but did not affect the relative abundance of Cancris sagrai. As shown by similar 1953 and 2005 planktonic/benthonic foraminiferal ratios, the increased nutrient supply impacted on both surface and bottom waters.Of the six most abundant species in 2005, five showed the same general biogeographical distributions within the field in 1953 and 2005. However, whereas the proportional abundance of Uvigerina subperegrina in 1953 increased southwards, in 2005 it increased northwards.Trinidad cannot be the source for the nutrient enrichment: the island lies down-current from the Ibis Field. Sources must therefore be sought up-current and to the southeast, in the Amazon, Essequibo and Orinoco river basins, or along the South American shoreline. It is speculated that the nutrient enrichment may be a consequence of increased phytoplankton primary production associated with nitrogen-rich run-off from South American sugarcane plantations, or from flushing of organic carbon from poorly regulated sewage systems or shrimp farms in South America.

scholarly journals Investigating seafood substitution problems and consequences in Taiwan using molecular barcoding and deep microbiome profiling

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Ying Chen ◽  
Cheng-Wei Ho ◽  
An-Chi Chen ◽  
Ching-Yi Huang ◽  
Tsung-Yun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Microbiome Profiling

AbstractSeafood is commonly seen in cuisines of the Asia–Pacific regions. The rates and consequences of seafood substitution frauds in Taiwan were elusive. To address this, we conducted a consumer-centered study, collecting seafood dishes and cooking materials from restaurants and markets easily accessible to the residents in Taiwan. Seafood substitutions were evaluated using DNA barcodes in the mitochondrial MT-CO1 gene. Among the 127 samples collected, 24 samples were mislabeled (18.9%, 95% Confidence interval [CI] = [12.5–26.8%]). The mislabel rates vary in different fish and product types (snapper [84.6%, 54.6–98.1%], cod [25%, 5.5–57.2%], swordfish [16.7%, 2.1–48.4%], cobia [16.7%, 0.4–64.1%], surimi products [100.0%]). A deep microbiome profiling was performed in 8 correctly-labeled conventional sushi and 2 tilapia sashimi mislabeled as snapper, with sequencing depths greater than 100,000 reads for every sample. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas genus is significantly higher in tilapia sashimi than in conventional sushi (P = 0.044). In conclusion, the gross seafood mislabel rate in Taiwan is 18.9% (12.5–26.8%). Snapper, cod and surimi products are particularly vulnerable to fraudulent substitutions. The high abundance of Pseudomonas in tilapia sashimi mislabeled as snapper unveils a potential health issue pertaining to the consumption of raw mislabeled seafood.

Effect of fire regime on the grass community of the humid savanna of Lamto, Ivory Coast

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouamé Fulgence Koffi ◽  
Aya Brigitte N’Dri ◽  
Jean-Christophe Lata ◽  
Souleymane Konaté ◽  
Tharaniya Srikanthasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Humid Savanna ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tussock Grasses

AbstractThis study assesses the impact of four fire treatments applied yearly over 3 y, i.e. early fire, mid-season fire, late fire and no fire treatments, on the grass communities of Lamto savanna, Ivory Coast. We describe communities of perennial tussock grasses on three replicated 5 × 5-m or 10 × 5-m plots of each fire treatment. Tussock density did not vary with fire treatment. The relative abundance of grass species, the circumference of grass tussocks and the probability of having a tussock with a central die-back, varied with fire treatment. Mid-season fire had the highest proportion of tussocks with a central die-back while the late fire had the smallest tussocks. Tussock density, circumference, relative abundance and probability of having a central die-back varied with species. Andropogon canaliculatus and Hyparrhenia diplandra were the most abundant of the nine grass species. They had the largest tussocks and the highest proportion of tussock with a central die-back. Loudetia simplex was the third most abundant species but was very rare in no fire plots. The distribution of tussock circumferences was right skewed and dominated by small tussocks. The proportion of the tussocks with a central die-back strongly increased with circumference, which could lead to tussock fragmentation. Taken together, this study suggests that fire regimes impact grass demography and that this impact depends on grass species and tussock size.

Corrigendum to: Cladistic analysis and revision of Piestus Gravenhorst with remarks on related genera (Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Piestinae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Edilson Caron ◽  
Cibele S. Ribeiro-Costa ◽  
Alfred F. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Rove Beetles ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Branch Support

Rove beetles of the genus Piestus Gravenhorst, 1806 are commonly captured under the bark of or inside decaying logs from Neotropical forests. Piestus belongs to the subfamily Piestinae, historically an ill-defined dumping-ground for Staphylinidae defined by plesiomorphic characters, but which has gradually been restricted in concept and currently includes only six additional extant genera worldwide. Piestinae in this restricted sense has been considered a probably monophyletic subfamily, but its status and phylogenetic position, as a possible sister-group of Osoriinae within the recently proposed Oxyteline group of staphylinid subfamilies, are uncertain and need confirmation. The main aim of the present study was to provide a morphological cladistic analysis and complete taxonomic revision of Piestus, which, as the type and most speciose genus of Piestinae, is critical for future phylogenetic studies involving the subfamily. In our study, the monophyly of Piestus is established and phylogenetic relationships among its species are proposed based on 70 adult morphological characters. Piestus is supported by 11 synapomorphies and high branch support. All species of Piestus are revised and the genus is redefined. The genus contains 43 species, including 13 species described here for the first time. The previously proposed subgenera Antropiestus Bernhauer, 1917, Eccoptopiestus Scheerpeltz, 1952, Elytropiestus Scheerpeltz, 1952, Lissopiestus Scheerpeltz, 1952, Piestus s. str., Trachypiestus Scheerpeltz, 1952 and Zirophorus Dalman, 1821 have not been confirmed, as they were found to be poly- or paraphyletic, or are here removed from Piestus, and therefore subgenera are not used. The main taxonomic changes are as follows. Lissopiestus, syn. nov. is proposed as new synonym of Eleusis Laporte, 1835 and its species, E. interrupta (Erichson, 1840), comb. rest., is transferred again to that genus. Antropiestus, syn. nov. and Eccoptopiestus, syn. nov. are proposed as new synonyms of Hypotelus Erichson, 1839 and their species, H. laevis (Solsky, 1872), comb. nov. and H. andinus (Bernhauer, 1917), comb. nov., are transferred to Hypotelus. Fourteen new synonymies are proposed (valid species listed first): P. lacordairei Laporte, 1835 = Z. furcatus Sharp, 1887, syn. nov.; P. capricornis Laporte, 1835 = P. frontalis Sharp, 1876, syn. nov.; P. pennicornis Fauvel, 1864 = P. plagiatus Fauvel, 1864, syn. nov.; P. rectus Sharp, 1876, syn. nov.; P. pygialis Fauvel, 1902, syn. nov.; P. surinamensis Bernhauer, 1928, syn. nov.; P. minutus Erichson, 1840 = P. nigrator Fauvel, 1902, syn. nov.; P. sulcatus Gravenhorst, 1806 = P. sanctaecatharinae Bernhauer, 1906, syn. nov.; P. condei Wendeler, 1955, syn. nov.; P. gounellei Fauvel, 1902 = P. wasmanni Fauvel, 1902, syn. nov.; P. mexicanus Laporte, 1835 = P. alternans Sharp, 1887, syn. nov.; P. aper Sharp, 1876 = P. schadei Scheerpeltz, 1952, syn. nov.; P. angularis Fauvel, 1864 = P. crassicornis Sharp, 1887, syn. nov.; H. andinus (Bernhauer, 1917) = P. strigipennis Bernhauer, 1921, syn. nov. One species is revalidated: P. fronticornis (Dalman, 1821), stat. rev., and one synonym is restored: P. penicillatus (Dalman, 1821) = P. erythropus Erichson, 1840, syn. rest. Neotypes are designated for P. lacordairei Laporte, 1835 and Oxytelus bicornis Olivier, 1811, and lectotypes are designated for P. puncticollis Fauvel, 1902, P. capricornis variety muticus Fauvel, 1902, P. zischkai Scheerpeltz, 1951, P. pennicornis Fauvel, 1864, P. plagiatus Fauvel, 1864, P. pygmaeus Laporte, 1835, P. niger Fauvel 1864, P. minutus Erichson, 1840, P. nigratror Fauvel, 1902, P. sulcatus Gravenhorst, 1806, P. sanctaecatharinae Bernhauer, 1906, P. sulcipennis Scheerpeltz, 1952, P. aper Sharp, 1876, P. schadei Scheerpeltz, 1952 and P. andinus Bernhauer, 1917.

Étude des relations entre les communautés piscicoles et les différents habitats d'une rivière nordique: notion d'habitat optimal

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3344-3352
Author(s):  
Louise Savard ◽  
Guy Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Linkage Cluster ◽  
Complete Linkage Cluster ◽  
Satellite Species

A complete linkage cluster analysis using the physical characteristics of the sampling sites has revealed the existence of five groups corresponding to five habitat types nonequally distributed in a northern Quebec river. According to the results of discriminant analysis using the relative abundance of the fish species present, these habitats support populations which differ by the relative abundance of species and not by the presence or absence of some particular species. A habitat is first characterized by a species living preferentially in this habitat, then by the other species inhabiting the area in an opportunistic way, and finally by some satellite species which do not seem to have any marked requirements. A habitat is considered as optimal for a species first if this species inhabits this area preferentially to others and secondly if this use is more advantageous for growth or condition factor. This seems to be confirmed for two of the most abundant species, northern pike (Esox lucius) and lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), both of which have a higher condition factor and a better growth in the part of the river where their optimal habitat is more frequently found.

Distribution of benthic fauna in sediment grains and prop roots of a mangrove channel in south-eastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora De Souza Silva-Camacho ◽  
Rafaela De S. Gomes ◽  
Joaquim N.S. Santos ◽  
Francisco Gerson Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Spatial Partitioning ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Different Types

We examined the benthic fauna in four areas along a mangrove tidal channel in south-eastern Brazil, between October 2008 and August 2009. The tested hypothesis is that the most abundant groups avoid competition as they occupy different types of substrata and that the longitudinal distance from the sea also affects the occurrence of benthic fauna along the channel. We also examined the prop root epibiont fauna to describe this different community. Polychaeta was the dominant group in the sediment whereas Isopoda and Tanaidacea were the dominant groups on the prop roots. We found a tendency for higher infauna species richness and diversity in the innermost channel area during the summer. Higher abundance of epibiont fauna was also found in summer with tidal movements allowing the colonization of the prop roots of the mangrove forest by some taxa. The polychaetes Ceratocephale sp. and Laeonereis acuta had indication of habitat partitioning, with the first occurring mainly in very fine sand sediment whereas the latter preferred medium sand sediment. The microcrustaceans Chelorchestia darwini and Tanaidacea sp. 1 occurred in high abundance colonizing the prop roots. Exosphaeroma sp. was found in high abundance in infauna and epibiont fauna. The tested hypothesis of spatial partitioning of the mangrove channel by the benthic fauna was confirmed with the most abundant species occupying the substrata with different grain fractions and prop roots in different stations.

scholarly journals Distribution and relative abundance of the economically important click beetles (Elateridae: Agriotes sp.) in Hungary

2010 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Antal Nagy ◽  
István Dávid ◽  
István Szarukán
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Click Beetles ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Significant Damage

Click beetle (Elateridae: Agriotes sp.) species of 24 sites in different regions of Hungary were studied in 2010. A. brevis, A. sputator, A. obscurus, A. lineatus, A. rufipalpis and A. ustulatus were sampled by pheromone traps in maize fields. During the study more than 80000 beetles were caught. The three most common species were A. ustulatus, A. sputator and A. rufipalpis. The distribution of the studied species was uneven. In south Hungary A. ustulatus, A, rufipalpis and A. sputator were the three most abundant species. In the Transdanubia A. sputator was the most abundant. A. ustulatus reached higher abundance in only three sites (3/12). A. obscurus occurred only in west Hungary (Transdanubia). In eastern Hungary the abundance of studied species was higher. In this reason we have to monitor the populations of these pests and if it is necessary we have to take actions against them. In Transdanubia the abundance were generally lower but in many cases reached the threshold of significant damage. Beyond that 13 additional species were sampled so the total number of sampled species was 19.

scholarly journals Ácaros asociados a dos especies de Odontotaenius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) en México

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Liliana Barrios-Torres ◽  
Gabriel A. Villegas-Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Protected Zone

<p>Mites can establish association with different arthropods as coleopterans families Scarabaeidae and Passalidae. Passalids are distributed in tropical and templates zones, and until now, more than 200 species of mites have been associated to them. One of the relationships between passalids and mites is the phoresy where one small animal (the phoretic) seeks out and attaches to another animal (the host) for transportation. Herein, we studied the mites associated to <em>O</em>. <em>zodiacus</em> and <em>O</em>. <em>striatopunctatus</em>; for this, 80 <em>Odontotaenius</em> with mites were reviewed; passalids were collected in and under decaying logs from six states of Mexico, and were individually kept in vials with 80% ethanol. The specimens were carried to the laboratory and mites removed with fine-pointed forceps under stereo microscope. The mites were stored with 80 % alcohol until some were cleared with lacto-phenol and mounted in Hoyer’s solution. We found 1 945 mites belonging to 13 families (Acaridae, Ascidae, Diarthrophallidae, Digamasellidae, Diplogyniidae, Euzerconidae, Heterocheylidae, Histiostomatidae, Klinckowstroemiidae, Laelapidae, Megisthanidae, Trematuridae, and Uropodidae) and 42 species, being the most abundant species <em>Anoetus</em> sp. For <em>O.</em> <em>striatopunctatus</em> (16 specimens) we found 562 mites (95 ♀♀, 34 ♂♂, 197 hypopus, 234 deutonymph, 2 tritonymph) of 11 families and 22 species; the most abundant were Uropodidae (42 %) and Histiostomatidae (26 %). While for <em>O.</em> <em>zodiacus</em> (64 specimens) were found 1 383 mites (300 ♀♀, 204 ♂♂, 608 hypopus, 139 deutonymphs, 133 tritonymphs) of 10 families and 30 species; the most abundant were: Diartrophallidae, Acaridae, and Histiostomatidae (23 % for the two first and 21 % for third). The high abundance and richness was in <em>O. zodiacus</em>, likewise Margalef (<strong>S´)</strong> and Shanon-Winner (<strong>H´) </strong>indexes were higher in this species (<em>O. zodiacus</em> <strong>S´</strong> = 4.05, <strong>H´ </strong>= 2.2; <em>O striatopunctatus</em> <strong>S´ </strong>= 3.34, <strong>H´ </strong>= 1.94), while Equity (E<sub>H</sub>) was similar to both hosts (<em>O. zodiacus</em> <strong>E<sub>H </sub></strong>= 0.64; <em>O. striatopunctatus </em><strong>E<sub>H </sub></strong>= 0.63). The mites were found principally in the protected zone of the passalid’s body, as under elytron, membranous wings, and in the clefts of the ventral region of the passalid, and, in minor proportion, on the head and coxal regions. From our findings, 12 species were new records for the Mexican passalids: <em>Abrotarsala cuneiformis</em>, <em>A. obesa</em>, <em>A. pyriformis</em>, <em>Brachytremella </em>sp., <em>Diarthrophallus cartwrighti</em>, <em>D. crinatus</em>, <em>Lombardiniella </em>sp., <em>Trichodiplogynium carlosi</em>, <em>T. sahlbergi</em>, <em>T. hirsutum </em>and <em>Trichodiplogynium </em>sp., and additional studies may help describe and understand these mites-passalids associations.</p>

Relative Abundance of Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Southwestern Colombia Rice Fields

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Pantoja ◽  
Eugenia Daza ◽  
César Garcia ◽  
Olga I. Mejía ◽  
Dave A. Rider
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Latin America Countries

Relative abundance of stink bugs was determined from 01 May 1989 to 30 September 1992 in 80 commercial rice fields in Colombia and in 12 selected rice-producing countries of Latin America. Fifteen stink bug species from nine genera were found in Colombia. The species are Oebalus ornatus (Sailer), Mormidea maculata Dallas, Tribraca obscurata Bergroth, M. pictiventris Stål, O. pugnax torridus (Sailer), Proxys punctulatus (Palisot de Beauvois), O. insularis (Stål), T. limbativentris Stål, and O. ypsilongriseus (De Greer). In Valle del Cauca Department in southwestern Colombia, the most abundant species was O. ornatus representing 94.1% of the stink bugs collected. Seven species comprised the remaining 5.9%. Oebalus ornatus and O. ypsilongriseus were recovered from seven Latin America countries and had the widest geographical range of the stink bugs species collected during the study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document