An evaluation of the concentrate sparing effect of four silage additives

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 153-153
Author(s):  
C S Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Milk Output ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Silage Additives ◽  
Constant Yield ◽  
Potential Concentrate

Recent research at this Institute has shown marked improvements in animal performance following the use of bacterial inoculants as silage additives (Gordon, 1989 and Mayne, 1990). Other studies with additives based on antimicrobial carboxylic salts (Maxgrass - BP Chemicals) have also shown large improvements in animal performance relative to untreated silage (Chamberlain et al, 1990). However with constraints on milk output in the form of milk quotas, it is important to investigate the potential “concentrate sparing” effect of these differing silage additives, whilst producing a constant yield of milk constituents.Five silages with a range of fermentation characteristics were produced by ensiling first regrowth herbage either untreated (C) or treated with four differing silage additives including: an inoculant of lactic acid bacteria (I); an inoculant of lactic acid bacteria plus enzymes (I+E); formic acid applied at 2.54 litres/t grass (FA) and antimicrobial carboxylic acids applied at 5.95 litres/t grass (CA).

The voluntary intake and digestibility by sheep of grass silages treated with different silage inoculants

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
J A Rooke ◽  
F Kafilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Silage Inoculants ◽  
Silage Additives ◽  
Forage Harvester ◽  
Silage Inoculant

The selection of lactic acid bacteria for use as silage additives is normally based upon their ability to dominate the silage fermentation and not upon benefits in animal performance. The object of this study was to investigate whether two lactic acid bacteria selected for fermentation characteristics would support the same animal performance as an established silage inoculant.On 5 June 1989, first cut, predominantly perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was ensiled direct with no wilting in plastolene silos of 2 tonne capacity. The herbage was harvested with a precision chop forage harvester and the following additive treatments were applied: None, control (C); Formic acid (Add-F, BP Nutrition, 850g/kg; 3 litres/tonne), (F); inoculant E. (Ecosyl, ICI Pic, 106Lactobacillus plantarum /g): inoculant A, (Pediococcus sp, 10 /g); inoculant B (L. plantarum 106 /g). The silages were fed to 6 wether sheep (Suffolk x Halfbred), initial live-weight, 40.1 kg (s.d. 2.22kg). Because the silages were unstable aerobically and restricted quantities of each silage were available, all sheep were fed the silages in the same (random) order.

Evaluation of a lactobacillus inoculant as an additive for silage fed to heifers

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 136-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O' Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Additive Treatment

When grass with an adequate content of fermentable substrate and epiphytic lactic acid bacteria is ensiled properly, the fermentation which follows is normally considered satisfactory. This fermentation can be altered by various categories of additive such as acids, sugars and inoculants, each of which can influence the fermentation differently. The experiment reported compared the fermentation products, aerobic stability and animal performance for silages made using formic acid or a Lactobacillus plantarum inoculant with well preserved silage made without additive treatment.A 42 day regrowth of Lolium multiflorum (cv. Lemtal) was harvested without wilting using two precision - chop harvesters. Alternate loads of grass were ensiled with (a) no additive, (b) formic acid (850g/kg) at 3.0 1/t or (c)inoculant (Ecosyl - ICI plc) at 3 1/t (separate harvester). The inoculant was constituted immediately before use and was applied in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Harvesting was completed and the silos sealed within 26 hours of mowing. The silos were opened after 113 days.

9.6 Grass Silages Ensiled with Either Formic Acid or a Lactobacillus Preparation and their Digestion by Jersey Cattle

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 185-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rooke ◽  
I. M. Brookes ◽  
D. G. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Jersey Cattle ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Silage Additives

The use of silage additives containing lactic acid bacteria and enzymes to promote a rapid homolactic type fermentation has met with some success in the United States but the little evidence available (see Burghardi, Goodrich and Meiske, 1980) suggests that, for grass silages, the value of this type of additive is limited. However, in laboratory silos, inoculation with lactic acid bacteria has been shown to be effective in reducing proteolysis (Carpintero, Henderson and McDonald, 1979).The recent availability in the UK of a commercial product containing a lactic acid bacteria inoculum and the non-toxicity and ease of application of this product prompted this investigation, which describes the assessment of a silage prepared with this type of additive in comparison with a well characterized additive, formic acid.

Effect of Ensilage of Rye Treated with Formic Acid and Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant on Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-250
Author(s):  
Jayeon Kim ◽  
◽  
Rajaraman Bharanidharan ◽  
Geumhwi Bang ◽  
Soonwoo Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation

The effect of bacterial inoculants on kikuyu silage quality

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Figueiredo ◽  
J. P. Marais
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants ◽  
Lactic Acid Content ◽  
Kikuyu Grass ◽  
Silage Quality

SUMMARYTwo commercial bacterial inoculants (Lacto-flora and Ecosyl) were added to kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) at ensiling, in 1985 and 1988 respectively, at Cedara, South Africa, using laboratory silos. In 1985 (Expt 1), Lacto-flora was added on its own and in combination with the enzymes Celluclast or SP249. In 1988 (Expt 2), Ecosyl was added on its own and in combination with molasses, at two levels of addition.The addition of Lacto-flora alone did not significantly increase the lactic acid bacteria or the lactic acid content of the treated silage. However, treated silage contained 53·6% less iso-butyric acid and 53·7% less ammonia than the control silage. Kikuyu silage supplemented with a combination of Lacto-flora and Celluclast or SP249 had higher numbers of lactic acid bacteria at ensiling (0·231 × 108/ml) than the control silage or silage receiving Lacto-flora alone. However, only silage supplemented with the combination of Lacto-flora and Celluclast had a significantly higher lactic acid content (2·23 compared with 0·04, 0·18 and 0·13% DM for the control silage, silages with Lactoflora and with a combination of Lacto-flora +SP249, respectively). Nevertheless, this silage contained 19·78% more acetic than lactic acid.Silage supplemented with Ecosyl on its own did not differ significantly in digestibility, loss of dry matter, ammonia, total non-structural carbohydrates, lactic acid and crude protein, from the untreated silage. A significant decrease in silage pH (from 5·08 to 4·70) was observed when Ecosyl was added together with molasses at the higher level of addition only. However, no other benefit was obtained by the addition of Ecosyl in combination with molasses.

Varying ensiling conditions affect the fermentation quality and abundance of bacterial key players in lucerne silages

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
T. Hartinger ◽  
K. Kube ◽  
N. Gresner ◽  
K.-H. Südekum
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Silage Additives

AbstractThe successful ensiling of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) depends on a rapid acidification in the silo and consequently relies on a sufficient proliferation of, particularly homofermentative, lactic acid bacteria. Similarly, growth of spoilage bacteria, such as enterobacteria and clostridia, must be suppressed and silage additives are therefore frequently applied to promote favourable conditions during ensiling. Three silage additives or soil were applied during lucerne ensiling and investigated for their effects on silage quality characteristics and abundances of total bacteria as well as the bacterial key players Lactobacillus spp., homofermentative Lact. plantarum, heterofermentative Lact. buchneri, Clostridium spp. and Enterobacteriaceae after 30 days of storage. Inoculation with viable Lact. plantarum resulted in highest concentration of this species and excellent silage quality, i.e. high lactic acid concentration coupled with low acetic acid and ammonia-nitrogen concentrations. A sodium nitrite and hexamine-based additive did not support growth of lactic acid bacteria, which was also apparent by higher pH and low lactic acid concentration. No effect of treatments was found on spoilage-related enterobacteria and clostridia, even not when adding soil to lucerne to increase initial clostridial contamination. However, soil treatment resulted in increased ammonia-nitrogen and acetic acid concentrations. Consequently, among the bacterial key players, lactic acid bacteria concentrations were related to silage quality. Regarding spoilage bacteria, however, alterations in silage quality characteristics were not reflected in the abundances of enterobacteria and clostridia. Future investigations should underpin the present findings and help to understand how silage additives affect microbial key players and silage fermentation.

scholarly journals Effect of Biological and Biochemical Silage Additives on Final Nutritive, Hygienic and Fermentation Characteristics of Ensiled High Moisture Crimped Corn

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bíro ◽  
Branislav Gálik ◽  
Miroslav Juráček ◽  
Milan Šimko ◽  
Eva Straková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Experiment Control ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Silage Additives

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different biological and biochemical additives on the final nutritive quality, fermentation process and concentration of mycotoxins of ensiled high moisture crimped corn. We created four variants for the experiment: control (UC), A1, and A2 (biological stimulators with the active principle of lactic acid bacteria) and variant B (combined additives with the active principle of lactic acid bacteria, benzoate sodium and active enzymatic complex of cellulases). After 6 months of storage in laboratory conditions, we determined in experimental silages the content of dry matter ranging from 608.9 to 613 g kg-1. The significantly lower content of crude fibre was detected in silages with additives. In silages ensiled with additives we detected the highest content of nitrogen-free extract in variant B (834.3 g kg-1 of DM, P < 0.05). A similar effect was determined also in the content of starch; significant differences were detected in variants A1 and B (P < 0.05) compared to the control variant. We detected a significantly (P < 0.05) higher content of total sugars in trial silages; the highest content was in variant A2 (6.1 g kg-1 of DM). In the trial variants we determined significantly the lowest content of acetic acid in variant B (2.82 g kg-1 of DM). In case of butyric acid, whose content in the control variant was 0.22 g kg-1 of DM, we detected the lowest content in variant A1 conserved with homo- and heterofermentative species of lactic acid bacteria. The lowest content of ammonia was determined in silages of variant B (0.074 g kg-1 of DM). We found lower concentrations of DON and FUM (P > 0.05) after the application of biological and biochemical silage additives. In concentration of T-2 toxin we detected a significantly (P < 0.05) lower value in variant A1. In concentration of AFL we found significant differences between variants A1 and B, as well as in concentration of OT between untreated control variant (UC) and variants conserved by additives. Application of silage additives influenced the nutritive and hygienic quality of the conserved fodders.

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