scholarly journals Brain Stem Glioma in Childhood: Acute Hemiplegic Onset

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Rothman ◽  
C.W. Olanow
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Initial Manifestation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Stem Gliomas ◽  
Pure Motor

SUMMARY:Two children, age seven and 16 years, are described with the abrupt onset of a pure motor hemiplegia as the initial manifestation of a brain stem neoplasm. Subsequent rapid neurological deterioration localized the lesion to the brain stem and glioblastoma multiforme was diagnosed by surgical biopsy. It is suggested that brain stem gliomas with this unusual presentation are likely to be highly malignant and prone to rapid bulbar deterioration.

Treatment of Recurrent Brain Stem Gliomas and Other Central Nervous System Tumors with 5-Fluorouracil, CCNU, Hydroxyurea, and 6-Mercaptopurine

Neurosurgery ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Rodriguez ◽  
Michael Prados ◽  
Dorcas Fulton ◽  
Michael S. B. Edwards ◽  
Pamela Silver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumors ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumors ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Stem Gliomas ◽  
Time To Tumor Progression

Abstract Twenty-one patients with recurrent malignant central nervous system gliomas were treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil, CCNU, hydroxyurea, and 6-mercaptopurine. Thirteen patients had brain stem gliomas, 3 patients had spinal cord gliomas, 3 patients had thalamic gliomas, and 2 patients had cerebellar astrocytomas. All patients had received radiation therapy, and 4 brain stem patients had also been treated with chemotherapy. Sixteen patients (76%) responded to treatment with either stabilization of disease or improvement. Nine of the 13 patients with brain stem gliomas (71%) had response or stabilization of disease. The median time to tumor progression (TTP) for the brain stem patients who responded or had stabilization of disease was 25 weeks. The median survival from recurrence for the brain stem glioma patients was 27 weeks. Patients with cerebellar, thalamic, and spinal cord tumors did very well, with an 87% response or stabilization of disease and a median TTP of 122 weeks.

Brain-stem glioma growth patterns

1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred J. Epstein ◽  
Jean-Pierre Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Glioma Growth ◽  
Stem Lesions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Stem Gliomas

✓ During the last decade, several authors have reported that certain brain-stem gliomas may be associated with a better prognosis than others. In this paper, retrospective correlations between the pathological findings and the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance of 88 brain-stem gliomas are established. The authors propose an anatomical hypothesis that helps identify glioma growth patterns in general and that clarifies why cervicomedullary, dorsally exophytic, and focal tumors have a more favorable prognosis. According to this hypothesis, growth of benign gliomas of the brain stem is guided by secondary structures such as the pia, fiber tracts, and the ependyma, which in turn leads to stereotypical growth patterns that are clearly identified on MR images. The authors believe that this hypothesis, in conjunction with clinical data, may help establish selection criteria for the surgical treatment of specific brain-stem lesions.

scholarly journals Spinal Subarachnoid Seeding from Glioblastoma Multiforme of the Brain Stem

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji NISHIO ◽  
Masashi FUKUI ◽  
Michiya OHTA ◽  
Jun TATEISHI ◽  
Katsutoshi KITAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
The Brain

Glioblastoma Multiforme of the Brain Stem in a Patient with Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

2002 ◽  
Vol 144 (9) ◽  
pp. 941-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wolff ◽  
M. Zimmermann ◽  
Gerhard Marquardt ◽  
H. Lanfermann ◽  
R. Nafe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
The Brain

Benign Brain Stem Lesions in Pediatric Patients with Neurofibromatosis: Case Reports

Neurosurgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Raffel ◽  
Gordon J. McComb ◽  
Sara Bodner ◽  
Floyd E. Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Brain Stem Lesions ◽  
Stem Lesions ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The symptoms and clinical courses of 4 patients with neurofibromatosis and lesions of the brain stem identifiable on computed tomographic and/or magnetic resonance imaging scans are described. Two patients underwent biopsy and both had low-grade astrocytomas with no evidence of anaplasia. Both received radiation and chemotherapy. The other 2 patients have been monitored without biopsy or treatment. Three patients are alive and clinically stable, having been followed up for an average of 4 years; neuroimaging studies have shown no change in their tumors. The fourth patient died of a supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Imaging studies had shown no change in his brain stem lesion, which at autopsy was found to be a focal collection of fibrillary astrocytes. These data suggest that some patients with brain stem lesions and neurofibromatosis may have a prognosis distinctly different from that of the typical patient with a brain stem glioma. We recommend caution against aggressive operative and adjuvant therapy for brain stem lesions in patients with neurofibromatosis, unless progression of the lesion is documented clinically and/or by imaging.

Brain Stem Glioma Causing Failure to Thrive

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-455
Author(s):  
Robert L. Sieben ◽  
Nobuyoshi Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Fibrillary Astrocytoma ◽  
Bulbar Palsy ◽  
The Brain

A small fibrillary astrocytoma of the brain stem led to bulbar palsy, persistent regurgitation, and death from aspiration pneumonia in a 4-month-old boy. As no changes were produced in the external configuration of the brain stem, a pneumoencephalogram might not have revealed the presence of the tumor.

5-Fluorouracil and 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) Followed by Hydroxyurea, Misonidazole, and Irradiation for Brain Stem Gliomas: A Pilot Study of the Brain Tumor Research Center and the Childrens Cancer Group

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. Levin ◽  
Michael S. Edwards ◽  
William M. Wara ◽  
Jeffrey Allen ◽  
Jorge Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Relapse Free Survival ◽  
Karnofsky Score ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Tumor Research ◽  
Brain Tumor Research ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Twenty-eight evaluable children with the diagnosis of brain stem glioma were treated with 5-fluorouracil and CCNU before posterior fossa irradiation (5500 rads); during irradiation, the children received hydroxyurea and misonidazole, The treatment was well tolerated, and minimal toxicity was produced. The median relapse-free survival was 32 weeks, and the median survival was 44 weeks. Analysis of covariates showed that, in patients between the ages of 2 and 19 years, survival was longest in the older children (P < 0.02). Tumor histology, sex, extent of operation (if any), Karnofsky score, and radiation dose did not correlate with survival.

Phase II study of thalidomide and radiation in children with newly diagnosed brain stem gliomas and glioblastoma multiforme

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Turner ◽  
Susan Chi ◽  
Karen J. Marcus ◽  
Tobey MacDonald ◽  
Roger J. Packer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Phase Ii Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Brain Stem Gliomas

Pharmacokinetic and biological study of erlotinib in children as monotherapy for refractory brain tumors or with radiation for newly diagnosed brain stem gliomas

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10019-10019
Author(s):  
B. Geoerger ◽  
D. Hargrave ◽  
F. Thomas ◽  
F. Andreiuolo ◽  
P. Varlet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Biological Study ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brain Stem Gliomas ◽  
Group 1

10019 Background: This multicenter phase I study was designed to determine the recommended dose (RD) of erlotinib, a small-molecule EGFR TKI, in patients ≤ 21 years as monotherapy or in combination with radiation therapy (RT). Methods: Group 1 included patients with brain tumors refractory to or relapsing after conventional therapy; receiving erlotinib alone. Group 2 included newly diagnosed patients with brain stem gliomas, who received RT (54Gy) and erlotinib. Conventional 3+3 dose escalation was used for Group 1; a continual reassessment method for Group 2. Four dose levels were planned: 75, 100, 125 and 150 mg/m2/day. Results: A total of 51 patients were enrolled (30 in Group 1; 21 in Group 2); 50 received treatment. Median age was 10 and 6 years, respectively. The RD of erlotinib was 125 mg/m2/day as monotherapy or in combination with RT. 203 adverse events in 44 patients were possibly treatment-related; 188 were G1/2; 9 G3, 2 G4, and 4 G5. Dermatologic and neurologic symptoms were most common; intratumoral hemorrhage was noted in 4 patients. In Group 1, 8 patients (27.6%) had stable disease, 2 with 45% tumor regression. In Group 2, 3 patients (14%) had partial response and 8 (38%) were stabilized; median OS was 12 months. Pharmacokinetic data of 46 patients were analyzed; patients’ weight and erlotinib clearance (CL) were significantly correlated. Mean (± SD) apparent CL and volume of distribution for erlotinib were 143.7 mL/h/kg (± 66.3) and 3.5 L/kg (± 3.0), respectively, and were independent of dose level. Mean half-life for erlotinib was 20.4 hours. Biomarker analyses on archived tumor or biopsy tissue prior to study entry for newly diagnosed brain stem glioma found 18/37 tumors tested were EGFR IHC+; 16/37 and 23/36 were pAKT+ and pMAPK+, respectively. High EGFR expression was more common in supratentorial gliomas; PTEN loss was most common in brain stem glioma (15/19) and was not observed in ependymomas. Conclusions: Erlotinib 125 mg/m2/day has an acceptable tolerability profile in pediatric patients with brain tumors, and can be safely combined with RT. Further studies are required to define the efficacy of this treatment approach and to establish the impact of biomarkers on outcomes in pediatric glial tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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