6. Preliminary Note on the Colouring Matter of Peziza œruginosa

1866 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 439-441
Author(s):  
A. Crum Brown
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
The Family ◽  
Considerable Depth

The Peziza œruginosa is a fungus belonging to the family Ascomycetes, and order Elvellaceæ. Although the fructification is not often met with, the plant itself is by no means rare, growing on dead wood, chiefly of the oak, birch, and ash. It has an intense green colour, and tinges the wood on which it grows to a considerable depth.

scholarly journals Contribution de la production anacardière aux moyens de subsistance des ménages Balantes de Mansoa (région d’Oio, Guinée-Bissau)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-523
Author(s):  
Mamadou Kambaye ◽  
Ngor Ndour ◽  
Maurice Dasylva
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
By Products ◽  
Bois Mort

L’agriculture Bissau-guinéenne est actuellement dominée par la production anacardière. Cette dernière, bien que peu étudiée, participe à l'amélioration du cadre de vie et de l’économie locale. Dans le but de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des impacts du système de production anacardière sur les ménages, l’étude a porté sur 77 ménages répartis dans trois villages Balantes. Sur la base d’enquêtes agro-socioéconomiques, l’étude montre que l’héritage (73,2%) est le mode d’accès aux terres gérées que par des hommes. Le semis direct (77%) et les plants produits en pépinière (33%) constituent les modes de plantation des anacardiers. Les sous-produits de l’anacardier jouent un rôle alimentaire et commercial pour les ménages. Les noix brutes sont destinées à la vente (100%) et celles grillées sont utilisées dans l’alimentation familiale (100%). Le jus de cajou est exclusivement réservé à la consommation familiale alors que le vin est réservé pour une grande part à la vente (52,65%). Le bois mort est utilisé comme combustible (52,3%) et/ou pour la carbonisation destinée à la vente (47,7%). D’au final, les revenus tirés du cajou destinés principalement à l’achat du riz (15,75%), du matériel agricole (14,7%) et au paiement de main d’oeuvre rizicole (14,6%) sont en moyenne estimés à 286 770 FCFA/ménage/an. Les revenus engendrés par la culture de l’anacarde permettent aux producteurs de subvenir à leurs besoins, d’améliorer leurs conditions et cadre de vie.Mots clés : Agriculture, plantation, Cajou, impacts. English Title: Contribution of cashew nut production to the livelihoods of Balante households in Mansoa (Oío region, Guinea-Bissau) Agriculture in Guinea-Bissau is currently dominated by cashew nut production. The latter, although little studied, contributes to the improvement of the living environment and the local economy. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of this production system, the study covered 77 households in three Balante's villages. On the basis of agro-socio-economic surveys, the study shows that inheritance (73.2%) is the only mode of access to land managed by men. Direct seeding (77%) and nursery grown plants (33%) are the most common methods of planting cashew trees. Cashew by-products play a food and commercial role for households. The raw nuts are intended for sale (100%) and roasted nuts are used in family food (100%). Cashew juice is exclusively reserved at the family consumption while wine is reserved for a large part for sale (52.65%). Dead wood is used as fuel (52.3%) and/or for carbonization for sale (47.7%). In the end, the income from cashew mainly used to buy rice (15.75%), agricultural equipment (14.7%) and to pay for rice labor (14.6%) is on overage, they are estimated at 286 770 F CFA/Household/year. The income generated by cashew nut cultivation allows producers to meet their needs, improve their living conditions and environment.Keywords : Agriculture, plantation, Cashew, impacts.

First record of marine wood borer (Mollusca: Teredinidae) Dicyathifer mannii Wright (1866) in Sabah, Malaysia, with detailed measurement metrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Zhen-An Loo ◽  
Cheng-Ann Chen ◽  
Khairul Adha A. Rahim ◽  
Farah Diba
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
First Record ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Additional Measurement ◽  
Detailed Measurement ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wood Debris ◽  
Wood Borer

The present study describes the new record of Dicyathifer mannii under the family Teredinidae Rafinesque, 1815. Sampling was conducted in the mangrove area of Kuala Penyu and sample was collected from dead wood debris. The pallets of Dicyathifer is half-conical in shape and 8mm in length. The cone measured 3.9mm in length and 3.6mm in width. The cavity is 1.2mm deep; the curve of the opening on the cone is about 98% of the depth of the cone. Inside the cone cavity, from the center, a ridge with rib-like feature runs down the length of the cavity. Only one species of Dicyathifer is recorded and the present species is the first new record described in Malaysia with some additional measurement metrics for future taxonomic identification purposes.

scholarly journals Biology and Economic Importance of Flower Thrips

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Funderburk ◽  
Julianne Stavisky
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Important Pest

There are about 5,000 described species of thrips (insects in the Order Thysanoptera) (Moritz et al. 2001; Mound 1997). Most feed on fungi and live in leaf litter or on dead wood. The species that feed on higher plants occur mostly in the Family Thripidae. This family includes the important pest species. Some reproduce in flowers and feed on the cells of the flower tissues, on pollen grains, and on small developing fruits. Many of the flower-livingspecies are partly predatory. Other species primarily feed on leaves. Some species are predators on smallinsects. Some of the most common pest species feed on a wide range of plants and even prey on mites. This document is ENY682, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date published: January 8, 2004. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in415 

Additions to Karst Fungi 2: Alpestrisphaeria jonesii from Guizhou Province, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 277 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIRAN A. ARIYAWANSA ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
KASUN M. THAMBUGALA ◽  
SAJEEWA S. N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
ABDULLAH M. AL-SADI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Generic Type ◽  
The Family

Lophiostomataceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) is a ubiquitous family that includes saprobic species associated with a wide variety of substrates in various habitats. DNA based studies have shown numerous genera can be determined within the family Lophiostomataceae that do not always connect to species based on morphological characteristics. An undescribed ascomycete, similar to species of Lophiostomataceae, was collected from dead wood in the South China karst area in Guizhou Province. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS, SSU, LSU and EF1α sequence data revealed that the new taxon nested in the genus Alpestrisphaeria in Lophiostomataceae, thus the novel taxon is introduced as Alpestrisphaeria jonesii. Diagnostic features are erumpent, coriaceous to carbonaceous, subglobose ascomata, a slit-like ostiole with periphyses, filiform pseudoparaphyses, fissitunicate, cylindrical asci and filamentous, 10–15-euseptate, hyaline ascospores. Alpestrisphaeria jonesii can be readily distinguished from the generic type of Alpestrisphaeria, A. terricola by the shape of its asci and ascospores.

scholarly journals II. Preliminary note on the structure of the stylasteridæ, a group of stony corals which, like the milleporidæ, are hydroids, and not anthozoans

1877 ◽  
Vol 25 (171-178) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Rio De La Plata ◽  
Río De La Plata ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Short Account ◽  
La Plata ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Family ◽  
Excellent Preservation

On 14th February, 1876, in lat. 37° 17' S., long. 53° 52' W ., off the mouth of the Rio de la Plata, the trawl brought up from 600 fathoms a number of specimens of corals of the family Stylasteridæ (Gray). The specimens included six genera of the family and seven species. They were all in most excellent preservation, notwithstanding the fact that they had been slowly raised from 600 fathoms, and all had their generative organs in full development. An opportunity which had long been desired was thus afforded for making a detailed examination of the structure of the soft parts of this family, which, in the structure of its coralla, shows so many points of variance from that of Zoantharian coralla. From observations made on a species of Stylaster obtained from 500 fathoms off the Meangis Islands, and on a Cryptohelia , a short account of which is given in the Royal Society’s ‘Proceedings,’ vol. xxiv. p. 63, I had already been led to suspect that the Stylasteridæ might prove to be Hydroids, although I did not venture to express this opinion because the evidence was then insufficient. The examination of the series of forms obtained off the Rio de la Plata at once showed that the Stylasteridæ are true Hydroids. Unfortunately the trawl came up rather late in the day, and hence a very short period of daylight was available for the examination of the animals in the fresh condition; but it sufficed for the sketching of the male gonophores of a new genus of Stylasteridæ ( Polypora ), with the stages of development of the spermatozoa, and of the female gonophores of Cryptohelia .

scholarly journals XIV. The Croonian lecture. —On the structure of the stylasteridæ, a family of the hydroid stony corals

1878 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 425-503 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comparative Zoology ◽  
Excellent Preservation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Present Subject ◽  
Generative Organs

In the Proceedings of the Royal Society, No. 172, 1876, I published a preliminary note on the present subject, and gave a short account of the results which I had arrived at from a somewhat hurried examination of the material at disposal. After this short account had been written, I devoted my time during the remainder of the homeward voyage of H.M.S. ‘Challenger’ to the further study of the structure of the Stylasteridæ, and the preparation of drawings illustrating it. I have supplemented this work by additional work in England, and the results are embodied in the present paper. The main part of the specimens of Stylasteridæ, from the study of which the anatomical details were determined, was obtained at a single haul of the trawl-net taken on February 14th, 1876, in lat. 37° 17'S., long. 53° 52' W., off the mouth of the Bio de la Plata in a depth of 600 fathoms. The specimens then obtained included six genera of the family of the Stylasteridæ. They were in most excellent preservation, although they had been slowly raised from the bottom, and in all the genera but one the generative organs were in full development. It was the examination of this set of specimens which first convinced me that the Stylasteridæ were Hydroids and not Anthozoans, a fact which I had already been led to suspect from the structure observed in the case of a species of Astylus obtained from 500 fathoms off the Meangis Islands, and that of a Cryptohelia , a short reference to which was given in a paper “On the Structure and Relations of certain Corals” (Proc. Roy. Son, No. 64, 1875, p. 64, and Phil. Trans., Vol. 166, Pt. I., 1876, p. 116). I have examined also other specimens of Stylasteridse obtained by the dredge and trawl of the ‘Challenger’ in various parts of the world, and a few specimens from those obtained by the United States dredging expeditions, which have been generously placed at my disposal by Mr. Alexander Agassiz and Count de Pourtales of the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Literature of the Subject. The family Stylasteridæ was formed by the late Dr. Gray in his "Outline of an Arrangement of Stony Corals” (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xix., 1847, p. 127). The family was made to contain the genus Stylaster alone, and was thus characterized:— “Coral minutely porous, cells deep, cylindrical, with six grooves, each ending in a pore and a central style.”

scholarly journals DIVERSITY AND SUBSTRATE ECOLOGY OF LUCISPOROMYCETIDAE IN THE PYATYKHATSKYI FOREST (KHARKIV, UKRAINE)

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Т. Ю. Маркіна ◽  
Д. В. Леонтьєв
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Total Species

As a result of the field study, carried out in June 2019, 34 species of bright-spored myxomycetes from 11 genera, 5 families and 4 orders of the subclass Lucisporomycetidae were collected in the Pyatykhatskyi Forest Massif, PFM (Kharkiv, Ukraine). Among the found orders of the myxomycetes, Trichiales (20 species) prevails by number of species, demonstrating much larger diversity, than Cribrariales (7 species), Reticulariales (5) and Liceales (2). Among the families of the Lucisporomycetidae, the leading position is occupied by Trichiaceae (19 species); the rest of the families revealed the fewer number of species. Among the genera of myxomycetes, Cribraria Pers., Trichia Haller, and Arcyria F.H. Wigg. were the most abundant regarding the number of species. The species from the five leading genera represent 70.6% of the total species diversity of Lucisporomycetidae in PFM. All the myxomycetes species were found on substrates formed by tree plant species; only Arcyria cinderea, Hemitrichia serpula and Tubifera ferruginosa were also found on bryophyte, while A. denudata was also collected on the wet soil. Among the substrates formed by woody plants, the two-thirds of myxomycete species were observed on the dead wood. On the substrates formed by Quercus robur, Acer platanoides and Tilia cordata, 18 species of myxomycetes were found, including 14, 12, and 4 species on each of these substrate-forming plants, respectively. The taxonomic structure of the myxomycete biota on different types of substrate-forming plants is significantly different. On Tilia cordata, Fraxinus excelsior and Quercus robur more than half of the taxonomic spectrum is formed by species of Trichiaceae, on the Pinus sylvestris the family Cribrariaceae dominates, while on A. platanoides species from the Reticularaceae appear to be the most diverse. The presence of the only representative of Dianemataceae, C. metallica, found on the bark of T. cordata, and a moderate diversity of Liceaceae on F. excelsior seem to be noteworthy. The data obtained allow us to characterize the biota of the brightspored myxomycetes of the PFM as mostly xylophilic, with a predominance of Cribrariales and Trichiales and a tendency of sporulation on the dominant species of forest-forming plants.

Conehead Termite Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky) (Insecta: Blattodea: Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae)

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina Tong ◽  
Katherine Tenn ◽  
Rudolf H Scheffrahn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Nasutitermes Corniger ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Frontal Projection

The conehead termite, Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky) (Figure 1), is the first record of a non-endemic establishment from the family Termitidae in the United States (Scheffrahn et al. 2002). This widespread Neotropical species is unique among Florida termites due to the soldier’s nasus (an elongated frontal projection on the soldier’s head) and conspicuous nests (Scheffrahn et al. 2002). These termites are able to feed on many species of wood, i.e., structural wood and dead wood on living trees, and they inhabit a wide range of habitats. The conehead termite is of economic importance (Scheffrahn et al. 2014). Available on the EDIS website at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1275 Also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/URBAN/TERMITES/conehead_termite.HTM

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document