Analysis of impact of group delay on slope distortion of S-curve in delay locked loop

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yuqi Liu ◽  
Yihang Ran ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Tuling Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Group Delay ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Delay Locked Loop ◽  
Odd Order ◽  
Even Order ◽  
S Curve ◽  
Crossing Point ◽  
Theoretical Results

Abstract As essential specifications of correlation domain for signal quality evaluation, distortions of the S-curve, including bias and slope distortions of the zero-crossing point, are usually selected as indicators of optimisation in the process of designing the channels of receivers or navigation satellites. Focusing on this issue, we present a detailed analysis of slope distortion in the presence of group delay and amplitude distortions. After validating the theoretical results, we present further discussions about the impacts of different group delay terms on slope distortions. The results indicate that both the odd-order and the even-order terms have impacts on the slope distortion, and higher odd-order terms have less slope distortion compared with the lower odd-order terms. These results are useful for evaluating the slope distortion from the group delay and guiding improvement in design of the channel.

Development and Validation of Derivative Spectroscopic Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Cefadroxil and Probenecid

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2350-2355
Author(s):  
Pratik S Mehta ◽  
Pratik R. Patel ◽  
Rajesh R Parmar ◽  
M M K Modasiya ◽  
Dushyant A Shah
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Spectral Interference ◽  
Synthetic Mixture ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
First Order ◽  
Derivative Spectroscopy ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Crossing Point

A novel, simple, accurate, sensitive, precise and economical derivative spectroscopic method was developed and validated for the determination of cefadroxil and probenecid in synthetic mixture. First order derivative spectroscopy method was adopted to eliminate spectral interference. The method obeys Beer’s Law in concentration ranges of 4-36 μg/ml for cefadroxil and of 5-25 μg/ml of probenecid. The zero crossing point for cefadroxil and probenecid was 260 nm and 237.8 nm respectively in 0.1N HCl. The method was validated in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, limits of detection, limits of quantitation. This method has been successively applied to synthetic mixture and no interference from the synthetic mixture’s excipients was found.   

scholarly journals Mutual information for low-rank even-order symmetric tensor estimation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Luneau ◽  
Jean Barbier ◽  
Nicolas Macris
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Finite Rank ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Symmetric Tensor ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Tensor Factorization ◽  
Adaptive Interpolation ◽  
Odd Order ◽  
Rank One ◽  
Even Order

Abstract We consider a statistical model for finite-rank symmetric tensor factorization and prove a single-letter variational expression for its asymptotic mutual information when the tensor is of even order. The proof applies the adaptive interpolation method originally invented for rank-one factorization. Here we show how to extend the adaptive interpolation to finite-rank and even-order tensors. This requires new non-trivial ideas with respect to the current analysis in the literature. We also underline where the proof falls short when dealing with odd-order tensors.

scholarly journals Zero-Crossing Point Detection of Sinusoidal Signal in Presence of Noise and Harmonics Using Deep Neural Networks

Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Venkataramana Veeramsetty ◽  
Bhavana Reddy Edudodla ◽  
Surender Reddy Salkuti
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Sinusoidal Signal ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Consistent Performance ◽  
Point Detection ◽  
Crossing Point

Zero-crossing point detection is necessary to establish a consistent performance in various power system applications, such as grid synchronization, power conversion and switch-gear protection. In this paper, zero-crossing points of a sinusoidal signal are detected using deep neural networks. In order to train and evaluate the deep neural network model, new datasets for sinusoidal signals having noise levels from 5% to 50% and harmonic distortion from 10% to 50% are developed. This complete study is implemented in Google Colab using deep learning framework Keras. Results shows that the proposed deep learning model is able to detect zero-crossing points in a distorted sinusoidal signal with good accuracy.

scholarly journals The characterization of elliptic curves over finite fields

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. P. Hirschfeld ◽  
J. F. Voloch
Keyword(s):  
Elliptic Curves ◽  
Finite Fields ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Desarguesian Plane ◽  
Cubic Curve ◽  
Odd Order ◽  
Even Order ◽  
Curves Over Finite Fields

AbstractIn a finite Desarguesian plane of odd order, it was shown by Segre thirty years ago that a set of maximum size with at most two points on a line is a conic. Here, in a plane of odd or even order, sufficient conditions are given for a set with at most three points on a line to be a cubic curve. The case of an elliptic curve is of particular interest.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Methods for Evaluation of ECG Signal Quality after Compression

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Němcová ◽  
Radovan Smíšek ◽  
Lucie Maršánová ◽  
Lukáš Smital ◽  
Martin Vítek
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Compression Performance

The assessment of ECG signal quality after compression is an essential part of the compression process. Compression facilitates the signal archiving, speeds up signal transmission, and reduces the energy consumption. Conversely, lossy compression distorts the signals. Therefore, it is necessary to express the compression performance through both compression efficiency and signal quality. This paper provides an overview of objective algorithms for the assessment of both ECG signal quality after compression and compression efficiency. In this area, there is a lack of standardization, and there is no extensive review as such. 40 methods were tested in terms of their suitability for quality assessment. For this purpose, the whole CSE database was used. The tested signals were compressed using an algorithm based on SPIHT with varying efficiency. As a reference, compressed signals were manually assessed by two experts and classified into three quality groups. Owing to the experts’ classification, we determined corresponding ranges of selected quality evaluation methods’ values. The suitability of the methods for quality assessment was evaluated based on five criteria. For the assessment of ECG signal quality after compression, we recommend using a combination of these methods: PSim SDNN, QS, SNR1, MSE, PRDN1, MAX, STDERR, and WEDD SWT.

Chlorite interstratified with a 7 Å mineral: an example from offshore Norway and possible implications for the interpretation of the composition of diagenetic chlorites

Clay Minerals ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hillier ◽  
B. Velde
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Odd Order ◽  
Even Order ◽  
Diagenetic Minerals ◽  
Structural Formulae ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Diagenetic History ◽  
Pore Lining

AbstractX-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of a pore-lining diagenetic chlorite (14 Å) from a reservoir sandstone, offshore Norway, show broad odd-order and sharp even-order basal reflections indicating that it contains 7 Å layers. Using NEWMOD, simulated XRD patterns with 15% 7 Å serpentine layers and a maximum crystallite thickness of 30 layers match the natural mineral well. Microprobe analyses of the 7 Å-14 Å mineral indicate that it is Fe-rich and aluminous suggesting that it is interstratified berthierine-chamosite. Apparent octahedral vacancies, however, suggest a significant dioctahedral component, and an alternative interpretation is interstratified kaolinite-chlorite. Indeed, chemical analyses of the mineral suggest a mixture of chlorite with 15% kaolinite, precisely the proportion of 7 Å layers indicated by XRD. Two other examples from the literature, previously identified as diagenetic chlorite, are probably also 7 Å-14 Å interstratified minerals, and the proportion of 7 Å layers indicated by XRD is also correlated with their structural formulae, if the 7 Å layers are, in fact, kaolinitic. This type of interstratification could explain why Fe-rich diagenetic chlorites appear to be compositionally distinct from metamorphic chlorites. The structure and chemistry of the Norwegian chlorite tend to support the idea that pore-lining chlorites form early in the diagenetic history, inhibiting the precipitation of later diagenetic minerals, and hence preserving abnormally high porosity at greater depths.

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