Optimising aircraft taxi speed: Design and evaluation of new means to present information on a head-up display

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Rikard Eklund ◽  
Anna-Lisa Osvalder
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Information Presentation ◽  
Information Redundancy ◽  
Flight Experience ◽  
Usability Tests ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The objective of this study was to design and evaluate new means of complying to time constraints by presenting aircraft target taxi speeds on a head-up display (HUD). Four different HUD presentations were iteratively developed from paper sketches into digital prototypes. Each HUD presentation reflected different levels of information presentation. A subsequent evaluation included 32 pilots, with varying flight experience, in usability tests. The participants subjectively assessed which information was most useful to comply with time constraints. The assessment was based on six themes including information, workload, situational awareness, stress, support and usability. The evaluation consisted of computer-simulated taxi-runs, self-assessments and statistical analysis. Information provided by a graphical vertical tape descriptive/predictive HUD presentation, including alpha-numerical information redundancy, was rated most useful. Differences between novice and expert pilots can be resolved by incorporating combinations of graphics and alpha-numeric presentations. The findings can be applied for further studies of combining navigational and time-keeping HUD support during taxi.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EDUCATION AND TOLERANCE IN STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR GLEB NAYDONOV
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Interethnic Differences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the students’ tolerance as a spectrum of personal manifestations of respect, acceptance and correct understanding of the rich diversity of cultures of the world, values of others’ personality. The purpose of the study is to investgate education and the formation of tolerance among the students. We have compiled a training program to improve the level of tolerance for interethnic differences. Based on the statistical analysis of the data obtained, the most important values that are significant for different levels of tolerance were identified.

Who Wins and Who Loses in the Provincial Courts of Appeal? A Statistical Analysis, 1920–1990

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter McCormick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Data Base ◽  
The United States ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Party Capability ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Appeal Courts ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractGiven the visibility and obvious importance of judicial power in the age of the Charter, it is important to develop the conceptual vocabulary for desribing and assessing this power. One such concept that has been applied to the study of appeal courts in the United States and Great Britain is “party capability”, a theory which suggests that different types of litigant will enjoy different levels of success as both appellant and respondent. Using a data base derived from the reported decisions of the provincial courts of appeal for the second and seventh year of each decade since the 1920s, this article applies party capability theory to the performance of the highest courts of the ten provinces; comparisons are attempted across regions and across time periods, as well as with the findings of similar studies of American and British courts.

Depression in Medical Patients

2017 ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Myrna M. Weissman ◽  
John C. Markowitz ◽  
Gerald L. Klerman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Different Levels

Depression treatment that is coordinated with care for comorbid chronic conditions improves control of both the depression and the chronic medical disease. Interpersonal counseling (IPC) and briefer forms of IPT for depression have been introduced in medical practice and primary care to accommodate providers’ time constraints and different levels of training of mental health care providers. IPC is best used with patients who have low levels of depressive symptoms, or distress, and where more highly trained therapists are not available but health personnel are interested in providing counseling. There is high interest in developing briefer approaches for depression treatment in medical patients, a wealth of evidence-based choices, and much work to be done. A case example is given of a college student with comorbid depression and diabetes.

scholarly journals Section 4: Investigation of Potential Sources of Variation

Radiocarbon ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-212 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Background Material ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Modern Standard

The design of FIRI is such that for each laboratory, we have some basic, though limited, information on the laboratory procedures, including the method of pretreatment applied to the samples, the modern standard, and the background material used. These can be considered as factors in the experiment and through statistical analysis, we can investigate whether they offer a statistically significant explanation of the observed variation. The different levels of the factors are described in Table 4.1. In addition, the laboratory type is also considered as a further factor (with 3 levels of LSC, GPC, and AMS).

scholarly journals Natural Antisense Transcripts in Plants: A Review and Identification in Soybean Infected withPhakopsora pachyrhiziSuperSAGE Library

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana de Aragão Britto-Kido ◽  
José Ribamar Costa Ferreira Neto ◽  
Valesca Pandolfi ◽  
Francismar Corrêa Marcelino-Guimarães ◽  
Alexandre Lima Nepomuceno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mrna Stability ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Antisense Transcripts ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Coding Capacity ◽  
Different Levels

Natural antisense ranscripts (NAT) are RNA molecules complementary to other endogenous RNAs. They are capable of regulating the expression of target genes at different levels (transcription, mRNA stability, translation, etc.). Such a property makes them ideal for interventions in organisms' metabolism. The present study reviewed plant NAT aspects, including features, availability and genesis, conservation and distribution, coding capacity, NAT pair expression, and functions. Besides, anin silicoidentification of NATs pairs was presented, using deepSuperSAGE libraries of soybean infected or not withPhakopsora pachyrhizi. Results showed that around 1/3 of the 77,903 predictedtrans-NATs (by PlantsNATsDB database) detected had unitags mapped in both sequences of each pair. The same 1/3 of the 436 foreseencis-NATs showed unitags anchored in both sequences of the related pairs. For those unitags mapped in NAT pairs, a modulation expression was assigned as upregulated, downregulated, or constitutive, based on the statistical analysis (P<0.05). As a result, the infected treatment promoted the expression of 2,313trans-NATs pairs comprising unitags exclusively from that library (1,326 pairs had unitags only found in the mock library). To understand the regulation of these NAT pairs could be a key aspect in the ASR plant response.

scholarly journals Prior Setting In Practice: Strategies and rationales used in choosing prior distributions for Bayesian analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhraneel Sarma ◽  
Matthew Kay
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Informative Priors ◽  
Prior Distributions ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Interactive Visualizations ◽  
Probability Mass ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Mass Allocation

Bayesian statistical analysis is steadily growing in popularity and use. Choosing priors is an integral part of Bayesian inference. While there exist extensive normative recommendations for prior setting, little is known about how priors are chosen in practice. We conducted a survey (N = 50) and interviews (N = 9) where we used interactive visualizations to elicit prior distributions from researchers experienced with Bayesian statistics and asked them for rationales for those priors. We found that participants' experience and philosophy influence how much and what information they are willing to incorporate into their priors, manifesting as different levels of informativeness and skepticism. We also identified three broad strategies participants use to set their priors: centrality matching, interval matching, and visual probability mass allocation. We discovered that participants' understanding of the notion of "weakly informative priors"---a commonly-recommended normative approach to prior setting---manifests very differently across participants. Our results have implications both for how to develop prior setting recommendations and how to design tools to elicit priors in Bayesian analysis.

Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Flat Vowel Spectra With a View to Characterizing Dysphonic Voices

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1493-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Schoentgen ◽  
Mounir Bensaid ◽  
Fabrizio Bucella
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Heuristic Search ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Magnitude Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Contour ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this article is to show how dysphonic voices can be characterized by means of a multivariate statistical analysis of flat vowel spectra. The spectral contour was obtained by means of a wavelet transform of the logarithmic magnitude spectrum, which was subsequently flattened to remove interspeaker variability related to the excitation and vocal tract filter functions. The results of the statistical analysis of flat spectra were the following. Firstly, principal components analysis produced markers that separated noisy from clean spectra. Secondly, the heuristic search for harmonic peaks or interharmonic dips could be omitted. Thirdly, conventional spectral markers of noise appeared as special instances of the markers that were derived statistically. Fourthly, the levels of visually assigned hoarseness and the first two principal components were significantly correlated. The assignment of different levels of (visual) hoarseness to different vowel timbres could be explained by the variability associated with the spectral contour.

Determining the Levels of Urbanization in Iran Using Hierar-chical Clustering

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa ENAYATRAD ◽  
Parvin YAVARI ◽  
Koorosh ETEMAD ◽  
Sohila KHODAKARIM ◽  
Sepideh MAHDAVI
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
To Come ◽  
South Khorasan ◽  
Different Levels

Background: In this study, we used a variety of factors that affect urbanization in Iran to evaluate different provinces in Iran in terms of the level of urbanization. Methods: Using information from census 2011, we collected data on 33 indicators related to urbanization in 31 provinces in Iran. To rank the provinces we used density-based hierarchical clustering scheme. To determine similarities or differences between the provinces, the square of the Euclidean distance dissimilarity coefficient; Ward’s algorithm was used to merge the provinces to minimize intra-cluster variance. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the variance between the variables used to rank the provinces in terms of different levels of urbanization. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: The provinces in Iran were combined with each other in 30 stages and classified into four levels. Taking into account the variables used to rank the level of urbanization, Tehran, and Alborz provinces were at the highest level of urbanization. On the other hand, the provinces of Sistan and Baluchistan, Kerman, North Khorasan, South Khorasan, Hormozgan, and Bushehr were at the lowest level of urbanization. Conclusion: Identification of provinces at the same level of urbanization can help us to discover the strengths and weaknesses in the infrastructures of each of them. Given the differences between various levels of urbanization, the identification of factors that are effective in the process of urbanization can help to access more information required for designing plans for the years to come.

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