Phase stability of a manganese-stabilized austenitic stainless steel

Development of manganese-stabilized stainless steels has been prompted by two objectives: (1) replacement of nickel, normally used to stabilize austenitic stainless steels, since it is an expensive, strategic material, and (2) reduction of long-term induced radioactivity of neutron-irradiated stainless steels by replacing nickel, molybdenum, and nitrogen. Klueh et al. have shown that in Fe-Cr-Mn alloys a single-phase austenite exists near Fe-12Cr-20Mn-0.25C (wt %) at high temperatures. Development of more complex alloys based on this composition with other minor alloying additions is underway. The aim is to develop alloys with improved mechanical properties, while minimizing the formation of embrittling second phases such as sigma or Laves. The stability of these alloys during thermal aging and the influence of the other alloying additions was studied in the current work for both solution-annealed and cold-worked conditions.Seven alloys based on Fe-12Cr-20Mn-0.25C were made with additions of W, Ti, V, P, and B, either singly or in combination. The alloys were hot-worked and subsequently cold-worked to sheet with intermediate anneals at 1150°C. Materials were aged at 600°C for 5000 h in both 20% cold-worked and annealed (1 h, 1050°C) conditions.

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Study on the Intergranular Corrosion of Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steels

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.8.593 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 593-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gianni Rondelli ◽

B. Mazza ◽

Tommaso Pastore ◽

Bruno Vicentini

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steels ◽

Intergranular Corrosion ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Cold Worked

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Annealing of Cold-worked Austenitic Stainless Steels.

ISIJ International ◽

10.2355/isijinternational.43.135 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 135-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 159

Author(s):

Angelo Fernando Padilha ◽

Ronald Lesley Plaut ◽

Paulo Rangel Rios

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steels ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Cold Worked

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Research on Uplink Semi-Persistent Scheduling in LTE System

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.1952 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 791-793 ◽

pp. 1952-1956

Author(s):

Ji Ke Gao ◽

De Min Zhang ◽

Fa Tang Chen

Keyword(s):

Online Games ◽

The Other ◽

Collision Probability ◽

Evolution System ◽

Term Evolution ◽

Collision Processes ◽

The Stability ◽

New Applications ◽

The Relationship

In LTE(Long Term Evolution) system, scheduling plays an important role in the process of allocating resource. LTE system puts forward semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) for new applications such as VoIP(Voice on Internet Protocol) and online games. Considering the problem of resource collision in SPS HARQ(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) process, we explore the relationship between uplink semi-persistent scheduling period and the number of semi-persistent transmissions, and propose two novel solutions. One is choosing specific uplink semi-persistent period for different uplink/downlink (UL/DL) configurations and the number of transmissions. The other is delaying collision processes for the configuration of small uplink period. The analysis proves that the two solutions can reduce the collision probability and improve the stability of LTE system.

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Long term and electrochemical corrosion investigation of cold worked AISI 316L and 316LVM stainless steels in simulated body fluid

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c3ra47881e ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (26) ◽

pp. 13340 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Mohd Talha ◽

C. K. Behera ◽

Sudershan Kumar ◽

Om Pal ◽

Gurmeet Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Electrochemical Corrosion ◽

Aisi 316L ◽

Cold Worked ◽

Corrosion Investigation

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Stress Corrosion Cracking of Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steels in Laboratory Primary PWR Environment

Storage Tank Integrity and Materials Evaluation ◽

10.1115/pvp2004-3057 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francois Vaillant ◽

Thierry Couvant ◽

Jean-Marie Boursier ◽

Claude Amzallag ◽

Yves Rouillon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Corrosion ◽

Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Crack Depth ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Corrosion Cracking ◽

Pressurized Water ◽

Water Reactors ◽

Cold Worked ◽

Cracking Process

Austenitic Stainless Steels (ASS) are widespread in primary and auxiliary circuits of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs). Moreover, some components suffer stress corrosion cracking (SCC) under neutron irradiation. This degradation could be the result of the increase of hardness and / or the modification of chemical composition at the grain boundary by irradiation. In order to avoid complex and costly corrosion facilities, the effects of radiation hardening on the material are commonly simulated by applying a pre-strain on non-irradiated material prior to stress corrosion cracking tests. The typical features of the cracking process in primary environment at 360°C during CERTs included an initiation stage (composed of a true initiation time and a slow propagation regime leading to a crack depth lower than 50 μm), then a “rapid” propagation stage before mechanical failure. Pre-straining increased significantly CGRs and the mode of pre-straining could strongly modify the crack path. No significant cracking (< 50 μm) was obtained under a pure static loading. A dynamic loading (CERT or cyclic) was required and various thresholds (hardness, elongation, stress) for the occurrence of SCC were determined. An important R&D program is in progress to develop initiation and propagation models for SCC of austenitic SS in primary environment.

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The Effect of Boron on the Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steels

CORROSION ◽

10.5006/0010-9312-33.11.408 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 33 (11) ◽

pp. 408-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

F. P. A. ROBINSON ◽

W. G. SCURR

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Intergranular Corrosion ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

The Other ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Identical Series ◽

Type 304 ◽

Intergranular Corrosion Resistance

Abstract Two Type 304 stainless steels, one boron free and the other containing 4 ppm boron were investigated. Both steels were subjected to an identical series of corrosion tests and the results compared with one another. It was found (1) Boron had no detrimental effect on the potentiostatic characteristics, intergranular corrosion “resistance and pitting resistance of the steels in the “as-received” condition; (2) boron in solid solution had no detrimental effect on the potentiostatic characteristics and intergranular corrosion resistance of the steel, while boron in solution had a beneficial effect on the pitting resistance of the steel, and (3) boron retarded Cr23C6 precipitation and thus boron had marked beneficial effects on the intergranular corrosion resistance of the steels in a sensitized condition. In addition the potentiostatic characteristics and pitting resistance of such steels were improved slightly by the presence of boron.

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Effect of Alloying Additions on Phase Equilibria and Creep Resistance of Alumina-Forming Austenitic Stainless Steels

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A ◽

10.1007/s11661-009-9886-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 40 (8) ◽

pp. 1868-1880 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Y. Yamamoto ◽

M.L. Santella ◽

M.P. Brady ◽

H. Bei ◽

P.J. Maziasz

Keyword(s):

Phase Equilibria ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Creep Resistance ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Alloying Additions ◽

Effect Of Alloying

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Contributions of Dr. Sumio Yukawa in the Development of Non-Ductile Failure Prevention Rules in the ASME Code

Volume 1: Codes and Standards ◽

10.1115/pvp2008-61695 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Hardayal S. Mehta

Keyword(s):

Elevated Temperature ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Pressure Vessel ◽

Nickel Alloys ◽

Ductile Failure ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Current Status ◽

Asme Code

The objective of this paper is to review and highlight the contributions of Dr. Sumio Yukawa in the development of rules for the prevention of non-ductile failure in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. This includes review of his role in the development of WRC-175, Appendix G of Section III, the development of early flaw evaluation rules for carbon steel piping and in the review and evaluation of the toughness of austenitic stainless steels and nickel alloys after long-term elevated temperature exposures. The current status of these activities is briefly described.

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Effect of Strain-Induced Martensitic Transformation on Coaxing Effect of Austenitic Stainless Steels

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.505 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 385-387 ◽

pp. 505-508

Author(s):

Jae Woong Jung ◽

Masaki Nakajima ◽

Yoshihiko Uematsu ◽

Keiro Tokaji ◽

Masayuki Akita

Keyword(s):

Martensitic Transformation ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Work Hardening ◽

Strain Aging ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Fatigue Tests ◽

The Other ◽

Conventional Tests ◽

Materials Used ◽

Type 304

The effects of martensitic transformation on the coaxing behavior were studied in austenitic stainless steels. The materials used were austenitic stainless steels, type 304 and 316. Conventional fatigue tests and stress-incremental fatigue tests were performed using specimens subjected to several tensile prestrains from 5% to 60%. Under conventional tests, the fatigue strengths of both steels increased with increasing prestrain. Under stress-incremental tests, 304 steel showed a marked coaxing effect, where the failure stress significantly increased irrespective of prestrain level. On the other hand, the coaxing effect in 316 steel decreased with increasing prestrain up to 15%, where the failure stresses were nearly the same. Above this prestrain level, the coaxing effect increased with increasing prestrain. In 304 steel, the coaxing effect is primarily dominated by work hardening at low prestrains, while the effect of strain-induced martensitic transformation increases with increasing prestrain. The coaxing effect in 316 steel is dominated by both work hardening and strain aging at low prestrains, but strain-induced martensitic transformation could play a significant role at high prestrains.

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